School of Music

There are two types of schools (the border is somewhat blurred). Some, usually called musical pedagogical ones, are aimed at graduating singing teachers for secondary schools and accompanists for kindergartens ; officially, the qualification is called "Music Teacher, Music Director" (see the website of such a school ^[2] ). Others prepare students for subsequent admission to music universities .

In the Russian Federation, there is the only specialized music school - the Moscow Military Music School . Included in the system of pre-university education of the Ministry of Defense of Russia .

In addition to the word "school", musical secondary specialized institutions can be called "musical technical school ", "school of art " or " college ". Renaming to colleges was characteristic of the mid-1990s. and touched, mainly, "strong" schools, preparing for the conservatory , examples - school (college) them. Mussorgsky in St. Petersburg, school (college) at the Moscow Conservatory (see photo).

The standard version in the Russian Federation involves ^{[3] the} admission of a young man to a music school after graduating from the 9th (previously 8th) grade of a comprehensive school and simultaneously graduating from the district children's music school (DMSh). Entrance exams are held in music (playing the instrument , solfeggio ) and general subjects. For a number of specializations (double bass, some percussion, conducting), reception from scratch is also possible. The term of study at the school is 4 years, classes are most often free. Pupils receive full secondary education and music - and, with the appropriate profile of the school, teacher training. Conservatory schools are often supervised by conservatory professors for the sake of selecting potential candidates.

It’s impossible to enter the conservatory with only the end of the children's music school. Therefore, training at the school is a mandatory stage for the future musician, provided for introduced in the XX century. Soviet system of SHUV ^[4] (school - school - university).

However, performing training at the graduate level of the school is provided to its pupils by eleven-year secondary special schools (SSMSH) at conservatories. Talented children from 6-7 years old take them there, that is, you can enter the conservatory even faster than having passed the path of "Children's Music School plus School". A certain danger of secondary school education is that students do not always have enough time for general education subjects in such schools - and when refusing music as a profession, it is difficult for a teenager to switch to another field (see opinions on the situation in the Moscow secondary school (CMS) ^[5] ) .

The SHV system developed in Soviet times is uncharacteristic of foreign countries. Children often acquire musical literacy and minimal instrument playing skills in their comprehensive schools. Additionally, the child can take lessons or study at a music school / studio - usually a private , open-minded teacher. For those who have discovered abilities in many countries, there is the option of moving to a special school or gymnasium according to the type of secondary school (at a younger age than entering schools in Russia). Such institutions preparing for a musical university include the Belvedere Castle Grammar School and the secondary school at the Berlin Higher School of Music in Germany, schools at some conservatories in China, and others. Other ways of musical formation are possible. As a result, there are no “schools” or “colleges” (in the Russian interpretation of the word) in the structure of foreign music education as a separate link ^[6] .

However, abroad, especially in the USA , there are many institutions called music colleges (for example, Berkeley College of Music ). An American college is not an analogue of a Russian college, although it also lasts four years, it is a university, the completion of which requires a bachelor's degree (in relation to music, English Bachelor of Music , less often English Bachelor of Art ).