Andris Bikker ( niderl. Andries Bicker ; baptized on September 14, 1586 , Amsterdam - June 24, 1652 , Amsterdam ?) - a rich trader with Russia , city council member, leader of Arminians , director of the Dutch East India Company , deputy of the States-General of the Netherlands and captain city police. [4] He ruled the political life of the city in close cooperation with his uncle Jacob Dirks de Graff and his brother Cornelis Bikker .
| Andris Bikker | |||||||
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| Andries bicker | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Jacob dirks de graff | ||||||
| Successor | Cornelis de Graff | ||||||
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| Successor | Cornelis de Graff | ||||||
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| Children | , , , and | ||||||
Bickers was one of the oldest aristocratic dynasties of Amsterdam, which at that time consisted of the father of Andris Gerrit , a grain merchant and brewer, and his three brothers, Jacob , Jan and Cornelis . They concentrated in their hands trade with the East, the West, the North and the Mediterranean (Andris Laurence Bikker's uncle was one of the first traders with Guinea, where in 1604 he captured four Portuguese ships). In 1646, seven members of the Bikker family, known as the Bikker League , occupied important political and administrative posts. Bickers supplied silver and ships to Spain , so they were keenly interested in ending the Eighty Years War . This led to their conflict with the Shtgalter and some provinces, such as Zeeland and Utrecht, as well as with reformer preachers. [five]
Biography
Andris became a member of the city council in 1616, in 1620 - Scheffen of Amsterdam, and in 1627, just over forty years old - Mayor of Amsterdam. He came forward because of his intelligence and moderate attitude. In 1627, he was delegated to Sweden and Poland to complete negotiations between the two countries, to help conclude peace and at the same time sign new treaties on trade in the Baltic . In 1631, he owned several plots of land in Spanderswaud, in Graleland, the area where the beautiful Trompenburg house now stands. Bickers also had a peat extraction plant in Drenthe .
At the ceremonial reception of Maria de Medici in Amsterdam in 1638, he and Albert Burg welcomed her on behalf of the city authorities. In 1643, he and Jacob de Witt arrived in Sweden to mediate between Sweden and Denmark. Andris Bikker opposed Frederick-Heinrich Oransky , who intended to concentrate five admiralties in his hands, which would lead to the loss of influence of the Amsterdam Admiralty. [6]
After the conclusion of the Peace of Münster, Bicker was of the opinion that there was no longer a need to maintain a standing army, which dragged him into a fierce conflict with Prince William II , [7] who inherited his father’s fraud of Frederick Henry. To regain power, William went with the army to march on Dordrecht and Amsterdam. His troops got lost in the thick fog and were noticed by a postal courier who warned Andris's son, Gerard, Drost Moyden , to arrive without delay in Amsterdam. The mayors of Amsterdam called the city militia, raised the bridges, closed the gates, and pushed the guns into position.
Andris Bikker, like his brother Cornelis, resigned from the city council, according to one of his agreements, was replaced by Johan Heidekoper van Marseven . [8] Next were the Republican brothers Cornelis and Andris de Graff and their followers who dominated Amsterdam. [9] Andris Wendel Bikker 's niece married an influential grand pensioner, Jan de Witt . [ten]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 141936347 // Common Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Andries Bicker - 2009.
- Ries Andries Bicker - 1999.
- ↑ Kruizinga, JH (1986) De westelijke eilanden van Amsterdam, p. 17
- ↑ Israel, J. (1995) The Dutch Republic, Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806. Clarendon Press, Oxford, p. 545.
- ↑ Burke, P. (1974) Venice and Amsterdam. London: Temple Smith, p. 59?
- ↑ Israel, J. (1995) The Dutch Republic, Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806. p. 602.
- ↑ Israel, J. (1995) The Dutch Republic, Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806, p. 607.
- ↑ Israel, J. (1995) The Dutch Republic, Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall 1477-1806, p. 704.
- ↑ Panhuysen, L. (2005) De Ware Vrijheid, De levens van Johan en Cornelis de Witt. p. 181-183.