Vendian Power (Obodrit principality [1] , Vendian state / kingdom, Vendian tribal union [2] ) - an early feudal state association of the Slavic Slavs ( Vendians ), which existed from the 1040s until about 1129 [3] .
| Historical state | |
| Vendian Power | |
|---|---|
 | |
1040s - approx. 1129 | |
| Capital | Veligrad , later - Lubitsa [1] |
| Languages) | Slavic |
| Dynasty | Nakonida |
It was located on the coast of the Baltic Sea between the mouths of the Odra and Elba rivers . Included tribal unions of Bodrich , Lutich and some Pomeranians . The unification of Slavic tribes under a single princely rule was necessary to repel the aggression of the Saxons and Danes [3] . The state got its name from the Wends - the German name of the Western Slavs in the early Middle Ages [4] .
In 1043, the Bodrich prince Gottschalk , who lived in exile in Denmark as a youth, participated in the English campaigns of Knud the Great and married a Danish princess, returned to the country with the Danish army provided to him by Sven Estridsen , and crushed the resistance of the local tribal nobility. In the 1050s, he actively pursued a conquest policy in the neighboring lands of the Slavs: part of the Lutichs and the Clans were taxed. Then in a primitive form the state apparatus arose. Under Gottschalk, new cities, churches and monasteries were built. At the request of the prince, bishops were appointed to Mecklenburg, Oldenburg, and Ratzeburg. In 1066, the nobility led the movement against the prince’s Christian circle: Gottschalk was killed at the Battle of Lenz on the Elbe, and missionaries and converts were expelled or executed [5] .
The youngest son of Gottschalk, Henry at the turn of the XI-XII centuries, strengthened the state. He was paid tribute to Brizan and Stodoran . Henry moved with his family from Mecklenburg to Old Lübeck, which already under Henry turned into an early city center with settlements of merchants and artisans. The new capital became the residence for Christian priests. After the death of Henry, feuds began. From the end of the 12th century, the Rostock, Mecklenburg and other principalities, which were ruled by the descendants of the Obodrit prince, were developing on the basis of the Obodrit Principality. In the XIII century, these principalities underwent Germanization [6] .
- Princes
- Gottschalk (rules. 1031 / 1044-1066)
- Cool (1066-1093)
- Henry (d. 1127)
See also
- Encouraged
- Ruyan
- Pomeranians
- Lyutichi
- Luzhichans
- Slavic Slavs
- Wends
- Crusade against the Slavs
- Pagan revolts in Poland
Literature
- Adam of Bremen , Helmold from Bosau , Arnold of Lubeck . Slavic chronicles / Per. with lat. I.V.Dyakonova, L.V. Razumovskaya. - M .: SPSL; Russian panorama, 2011 .-- 584 p. - (MEDIÆVALIA: medieval literary monuments and sources). - ISBN 978-5-93165-201-6 .
- Hilferding A.F. History of the Baltic Slavs. - M .: Russian panorama, Russian-Baltic Information Center "BLITZ", 2013. - 704 p. - Series “Returned Heritage: Monuments of Historical Thought”. - ISBN 978-5-93165-227-6 .
- Uspensky F. I. The First Slavic Monarchies in the Northwest . - SPb .: Publishing house of Glories. beneficent. committee, 1872. - 266; XIII p.
- Herrmann Joachim . Encouraged, lyutichi, ruddy / Per. with him. G. S. Lebedeva // Slavs and Scandinavians: Sat. / Ed. E. A. Melnikova . - M .: Progress, 1986. - S. 338-359.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Ronin, V.K. et al. State and society among the Slav and Pomeranian Slavs // Early feudal states and nationalities (southern and western Slavs of the 6th-12th centuries) . - M .: Nauka, 1991 .-- S. 124.
- ↑ Big school encyclopedia. Humanitarian sciences. - M .: Olma-Press, 2002 .-- S. 44, 50.
- ↑ 1 2 See the article “Vendian Power” in: Ed. Zhukova, E. M. The Soviet Historical Encyclopedia. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1973-1982.
- ↑ Big school encyclopedia. Humanitarian sciences. - M .: Olma-Press, 2002 .-- S. 50.
- ↑ Joachim Herrman . Encouraged, Lyutichi, ruyan // Slavs and Scandinavians: Sat. - M .: Progress, 1986. - S. 343.
- ↑ Ronin, V.K. et al. State and society among the Slav and Pomeranian Slavs // Early feudal states and nationalities (southern and western Slavs of the VI — XII centuries) . - M .: Nauka, 1991 .-- S. 123-125.