The Pontic (Thracian) pentapole ( Greek πέντε (pente) - “five” and πόλις ( policy ) - “city”) is a federation of five coastal cities, ancient Greek colonies in the Western Black Sea region . It included Apollonia , Kallatis , Mesemvria , Odessos and Tomis ( Tomes ), all on the coast of Pontus of Euxinus ( Black Sea ).
Sometimes Histria is classified as a federation , as a result of which the union is called Hexapolis (that is, "six-sided").
Currently - in Bulgaria and Romania .
This association was originally formed during the struggle of the military leaders of Alexander the Great for supremacy over the commander’s inheritance. Successfully resisted the attempts of the dyadoh Alexander the Great Lysimachus to subjugate them to his power. Lysimachus was able to bring to an extreme the complete blockade of Kallatidu , which for a long time defended to such an extent that 1,000 citizens, in order not to starve to death, fled from the city to the Bosporan king Eumel ; but sources do not mention that he took the city. This Thracian Pentapolis, relying on the Scythian kingdom of Eumelus , successfully defended its independence against Lysimachus . [1] However, after some time, the union, apparently, broke up due to the transition of Istria and Odessos to the side of Lysimachus [2] .
The first in Thrace recognized the Roman rule [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Chapter Two (318-312) | Symposium Συμπόσιον . simposium.ru. Date of appeal September 26, 2016.
- ↑ T.V. Blavatsky. Western Pontic cities in the 7th-1st centuries BC. (1952).
- ↑ Read online “Society and Economy in the Roman Empire” by Rostovtsev Mikhail Ivanovich - RuLit - Page 122 . www.rulit.me. Date of appeal September 26, 2016.