Pear , or pear ( lat. Pýrola ) - a genus of flowering plants of the Heather family.
| Grushanka | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyrola L. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type view | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyrola rotundifolia L. - Rotundifolia pear [2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedic Dictionary points to grushanka (pear) as a plant that causes “blood urine” in animals [3] .
Content
- 1 Distribution and ecology
- 2 Botanical Description
- 3 Classification
- 3.1 Taxonomy
- 3.2 Views
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
Distribution and Ecology
A circumpolar boreal genus that grows in the Arctic and temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere (from the Arctic to Mexico and the Himalayas ), in a forest zone.
In Russia - four species .
Botanical Description
Perennial plant .
The leaves are oval or rounded, whole-marginal or slightly towny, clearly petiolate , most of them evergreen.
Flowers in racemose equilateral inflorescence . The brush is rare, straight, multi-flowered. The corolla is five-petalled, cup-shaped, goblet or almost spherical, the petals are concave. Flowers without subpestic disk . 10 stamens with awl-shaped, bare threads and anthers blunt at the apex, opening at the apex with two holes. Stigmas are pentagonal or five-lobed.
The fruit is a drooping box .
From left to right: Grushanka is greenish . Grushanka is large-flowered . Japanese Grushanka . Grushanka small . | ||||||||||
Classification
Taxonomy
The genus Grushanka is included in the tribe Grushankovye ( Pyroleae ) of the subfamily Vertlyanicevye ( Monotropoideae ) of the Heather family ( Ericaceae ) of the order Heather - flowered ( Ericales ) [4] .
In the Kronquist system, the genus is part of the Grushankov family .
| 25 more families (according to APG II System ) | 2 more tribes (according to APG II System ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| up to 20 species | |||||||||||||||||||
| heather flowers order | subfamily Vertlianicevye | clan Grushanka | |||||||||||||||||
| Department of Flowering, or Angiosperms | heather family | Grushankov tribe | |||||||||||||||||
| 44 more order flowering plants (according to APG II System ) | 7 more subfamilies (according to APG II System ) | 3 more genera | |||||||||||||||||
Views
According to the database of The Plant List , the genus includes 36 species [5] :
- Pyrola alboreticulata Hayata
- Pyrola americana sweet
- Pyrola angustifolia ( Alef. ) Hemsl.
- Pyrola asarifolia Michx. - Grushanka hoofed leaf
- Pyrola atropurpurea Franch.
- Pyrola bracteata hook.
- Pyrola calliantha andres
- Pyrola carpatica Holub & Křísa
- Pyrola chlorantha Sw. - Grushanka is greenish , or Grushanka is green-flowered
- Pyrola chouana Chang Y.Yang
- Pyrola corbieri H.Lév.
- Pyrola dahurica ( Andres ) Kom.
- Pyrola decorata andres
- Pyrola elliptica Nutt. - Grushanka elliptical
- Pyrola forrestiana andres
- Pyrola grandiflora Radius - Large-flowered Grushanka
- Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alef. - Japanese Grushanka
- Pyrola macrocalyx ohwi
- Pyrola markonica YLChou & RCZhou
- Pyrola mattfeldiana andres
- Pyrola media Sw. - Grushanka medium
- Pyrola minor L. - Grushanka small
- Pyrola monophylla YLChou & RCZhou
- Pyrola morrisonensis ( Hayata ) Hayata
- Pyrola nephrophylla andres
- Pyrola norvegica knaben
- Pyrola picta Sm. - Grushanka varicoloured
- Pyrola pumila ( Hornem. ) Cham. & Schltdl.
- Pyrola renifolia maxim . - Kidney-shaped grushanka
- Pyrola rotundifolia L. typus [2] - Pear tree
- Pyrola rugosa andres
- Pyrola shanxiensis YLChou & RCZhou
- Pyrola sororia andres
- Pyrola szechuanica andres
- Pyrola tschanbaischanica YLChou & YLChang
- Pyrola xinjiangensis YLChou & RCZhou
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 Entry for Pyrola L. NCU-3e. Names in current use for extant plant genera. Electronic version 1.0 (Sept 24, 1997). Date of treatment October 27, 2010. Archived June 4, 2012.
- ↑ Grushovka // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ According to the GRIN website (see plant card).
- ↑ Pyrola . The Plant List . Version 1.1. (2013). Date of treatment October 5, 2016.
Literature
- Grushanka // Gogol - Debit. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1972. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 7).
- Genus 1084. Grushanka - Pyrola L. // Flora of the USSR : 30 tons / started at hand. and under chap. ed. V. L. Komarova . - M .; L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1952. - T. 18 / ed. volumes B.K. Shishkin , E.G. Bobrov . - S. 8-14. - 802 s. - 3000 copies.
- Gubanov I.A., Kiseleva K.V., Novikov V.S., Tikhomirov V.N. Illustrated identifier of plants in Central Russia. - M .: T-number of scientific publications of KMK, Institute of Technological Research, 2004. - V. 3. - P. 3, 13-16. - ISBN 5-87317-163-7 .
- Alyavdina K.P., Vinogradova V.P. Key to plants of the Ivanovo region. - Yaroslavl: Upper Volga Book Publishing House, 1972.