Sławków ( Polish. Sławków [ˈswafkuf] , forces. Sławkůw ) is a city in southern Poland , part of the Silesian Voivodeship , Będzinski County . It has the status of a city commune . It covers an area of 36.6 km². The population is 6866 people (for 2007 ).
| City | |||||
| Slavkow | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sławków | |||||
| |||||
| A country |  Poland | ||||
| Province | Silesian Voivodeship | ||||
| Powiat | Bedzinsky County | ||||
| The president | Bronislav Goray | ||||
| History and geography | |||||
| Square | 36.6 km² | ||||
| Timezone | and | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | 6866 people ( 2007 ) | ||||
| Density | 187.59 people / km² | ||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||
| Telephone code | +48 32 | ||||
| Postcode | 41-260 | ||||
| Car code | SBE | ||||
| Official code TERYT | 2243301081 | ||||
| slawkow.pl | |||||
It borders with the cities of Dombrowa-Gornic , Sosnowiec and Jaworzno in the Silesian Voivodeship , the rural commune of Boleslav and the municipal commune of Bukovno in the Malopolska Voivodeship .
Slavkuv takes a peculiar position in terms of the administrative division of the country . As a result of the administrative reform of 1999 , Slavków, who until then had been part of Katowice Voivodeship , found himself in the borders of the newly formed Malopolska Voivodeship with its capital in Krakow . The reunification of the city with the Silesian voivodship was hampered by the fact that Slavków had no common border with any of his districts , since all the neighboring communes belonging to the Silesian voivodeship ( Dombrova Gornicza , Sosnowiec and Jaworzno ) were urban districts. Still, in order to satisfy the wishes of Slavkuv residents, who negatively attributed the city to the Malopolska province , it was decided to join Slavków to the Będzinsky district located in the Silesian province , from which it is separated by the territories of the cities of Dombrov-Gurnich and Sosnowiec . Thus, from January 1, 2002 , Slavków, as an administrative unit of the Silesian Voivodeship , became at the same time a commune — the exclave of the Bendzi district .
Content
History
Due to the complete absence of any information it is impossible today to determine the date of foundation of Slavków. Contrary to oral tradition, claiming that the city is older than Krakow [1] , archaeological excavations revealed only traces of a cemetery dating from the XII century. The first mention of Slavkuv dates back to 1220 , when the Bishop of Kraków Ivo Odovonzh endowed the Holy Spirit Monastery in Prдondnik near Kraków half of the profits from the Slavków inns. The status of the city received even before 1286 , but due to the loss of a certificate of granting the status of a city, the exact date of assignment of city rights is unknown. It is assumed that this happened between 1279 and 1286, since the letter of Boleslav the Shameful , dated 1279, calls Slavków still a village, and the agreement concluded in 1286 between Bishop Pavel of Przhemankov and Prince Leszek the Black already calls it a city ( civitas ) . In the Middle Ages, was on an important trade route from Krakow to Wroclaw . At the end of the XIII century. Bishop Pavel from Przemankov built a fortress in Slavków.
At the turn of the XIII and XIV centuries. his successor and supporter of the Czech kings - Kraków Bishop Jan Muscat - strengthened, with the consent of Václav II, the city in which he defended the siege by Vladislav Lokotk’s troops. Subsequently, the city and the fortress were taken in 1309 by the troops of Lokotka, at the behest of which the city walls were destroyed and the city gradually fell into disrepair. In 1329, at the insistence of the Pope, King Vladislav Lokotok returned Slavków to the bishops of Krakow.
Known in the XIII — XIV centuries. as the center of silver and lead mining. In 1790 , Slavków numbered 1,592 inhabitants. It should be noted that, unlike some neighboring cities, Slavków - as the property of Kraków bishops - was until that time an exclusively Christian city, in which it was forbidden for Jews to settle. However, after 1790 , until the First World War , their number in the city gradually increased. As a result of the third division of Poland ( 1795 ), the city found itself in the grip of the Prussian state (New Silesia). In 1807 he became part of the Warsaw Duchy, which was formed during the Napoleonic Wars .
From 1815 as part of the kingdom of Poland ( 1815 - 1867 Radom province , from 1867. Kielce province , Olkushsky district), within the Pale . In 1820 , there were 3,000 inhabitants in the city, including 21 Jews . In the first half of the 19th century. Zinc mines are working here, since the seventies, 19 century. until 1923 coal mining is carried out. In 1869 , Slavkuv lost the city status for almost a century. From 1914 to 1918 The city was occupied by the Austrians. Since 1918 - as part of the Polish state. From 1919 to 1939 enters the Kielce Voivodeship, Olkusli County.
Geography
Slavków is located in the eastern part of the Silesian Upland , on the Belaya Przhemsha River .
Population
| Census | Total | Women | Men | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| people | % | people | % | people | % | |
| Total | 6866 | 100 | 3574 | 47.95 | 3292 | 52.05 |
| Population density (person / km²) | 187.59 | 97.65 | 89.94 | |||
Demographic development [2]
Transportation
Railway transport
The Slavków freight and passenger railway station and the terminal station of the Polish wide-gauge metallurgical line (freight) are located in Slavków.
At a distance of 37 km west of Slavków, there is Katowice International Airport in Pyrzowice .
Attractions
Regional Museum (Market Square No. 9)
Slavków Inn , dated 1701
The ruins of the castle of Krakow bishops - the fortified castle of Krakow bishops , whose ruins are located in Slavków, dates from the second half of the 13th century. ( 1283 ).
Residence of Cracow Bishops "Lamus"
The building of the former miner's hospital is one of the first miner's hospitals in Poland , built in 1758 by Bishop Andrzej Załuski . Above the entrance to the building there is a polychrome , depicting the blessed Svyatoslav and St. Stanislav, the bishop and martyr. In the 70s and 80s of XX century. the building was a kindergarten .
Synagogue
Twin Cities
- Slavkov u Brna ( Czech Republic )
- Gorni Slavkov ( Czech Republic )
Famous residents of Slavków
- Valentin Baranovsky (1805–1879) - Bishop of Lublin (1871–1879), the younger brother of Jan Baranovsky.
- Jan Baranowski (1800–1879) - astronomer and naturalist, director of the Warsaw Astronomical Observatory and professor at the Warsaw main school . The author of the first translation into Polish (1854) works by Nicolaus Copernicus De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (“On the conversion of the heavenly spheres”).
- Hippolyte Kovnatsky (1761-1854) - mining entrepreneur, geologist and historian. He sought and described minerals (metal ores and coal) in the Slavukian possessions of the Kraków bishops.
See also
- Slavkuv Republic
Notes
- ↑ M. Baliński, T. Lipiński: Starożytna Polska pod względem historycznym, geograficznym i statystycznym , vol. 2, ed. 2, Warsaw 1885, p. 143 [1] .
- ↑ Data for: Feliks Kiryk (red.), Dzieje Sławkowa , Kraków 2001, ISBN 83-87345-47-4 , p. 150, 184, 187, 188, 360, 427, 432, 433.