New Glenn is a designed two- or three-stage heavy orbital launch vehicle , developed by the American company Blue Origin since 2012 [1] . The first launch of this rocket is planned to be made in 2021. [2] [3]
| New glenn | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
| A country |  USA |
| Appointment | Reusable first stage orbital rocket |
| Developer | Blue origin |
| Manufacturer | Blue origin |
| Main characteristics | |
| Number of steps | 2 or 3 |
| Length (with GP) | 2-speed: 82 m 3-speed: 95 m |
| Diameter | 7 m |
| Payload mass | |
| • at the DOE | 45 t |
| • at GPO | 13 t |
| Launch history | |
| condition | is being developed |
| Launch locations | Cape Canaveral , SLC-36 |
| First stage | |
| Diameter | 7 m |
| Marching engines | 7 × BE-4 |
| Thrust | 17.1 MN |
| Fuel | methane |
| Oxidizer | liquid oxygen |
| Second stage | |
| Diameter | 7 m |
| Sustainer engine | BE-4 (vacuum) |
| Thrust | 2.4 MN |
| Fuel | methane |
| Oxidizer | liquid oxygen |
| Third stage | |
| Diameter | 7 m |
| Sustainer engine | BE-3U |
| Thrust | 490 KN |
| Fuel | liquid hydrogen |
| Oxidizer | liquid oxygen |
 External video files | |
|---|---|
|  Flight animation |
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 History
- 2.1 Early development of orbital subsystems
- 2.2 Booster
- 3 Launch Plans
- 4 notes
- 5 Links
Description
New Glenn is 7.0 meters (23 feet) in diameter. It has two stages (with an additional third stage) with the possibility of reusing the first stage. [four]
The first stage will be equipped with seven BE-4 engines (also developed by Blue Origin), working on a methane-oxygen mixture. The first stage is reusable and lands vertically, with technology previously developed and tested on New Shepard suborbital rockets. [four]
The second stage will have the same diameter and use one BE-4 engine with an elongated nozzle designed to operate in a vacuum. The engine will run on the same fuel and have the same flow rate as the first stage engine. [four]
It is expected that the two-stage version of the launch vehicle will be able to put payloads weighing up to 45 tons into low Earth orbit , and up to 13 tons into geo-transition orbit . [5]
An additional third stage will use a single BE-3 U engine, also optimized for vacuum operation, but powered by a hydrogen / oxygen mixture as fuel. This engine is also manufactured by Blue Origin and has already been used on New Shepard, though in a version optimized for operation at sea level. [four]
History
Early design work on it began in 2012. . A year after the start of development [ clarify ] the orbital system, in September 2015, Blue Origin announced the existence of a new rocket [6] .
In January 2016, Blue Origin announced that the new rocket would be many times larger than the New Shepard , although it would be the smallest of the Blue Origin series of orbital vehicles. In September 2016, the design of the rocket (technical specifications) was announced and its official name was announced - New Glenn. [four]
Early development of orbital subsystems
Blue Origin began developing systems for human orbital flights before 2012. There was a project of a reusable first stage of a launch vehicle, which was supposed to fly along a suborbital trajectory, to take off vertically, like the rocket stage of an ordinary multi-stage rocket. Then the stage was separated, and the upper stages continued to bring astronauts into orbit. At the same time, the first stage of the launch vehicle was supposed to perform a vertical landing as the New Shepard suborbital aggregate compartment did. Then, the first stage of the launch vehicle was to be refueled and used again, which made it possible to increase reliability and reduce the cost of bringing a person into space. [7]
Rocket booster [to clarify ] was designed to launch into orbit Blue Origin-developed biconical spacecraft with astronauts and cargo. The design of the ship also provided for the return to Earth in the atmosphere of the Earth by parachute , so as to subsequently be used again in future missions in low Earth orbit [7] .
Blue Origin was able to fulfill the General system requirements for an orbiting spacecraft by May 2012. [4] [8]
Immediately after that, tests began on the engine for the launch vehicle of the reusable ship. Full power thrust testing for the BE-3 liquid oxygen and hydrogen hydrogen top stage engine was conducted at NASA in October 2012. A full thrust of 100,000 pounds-force (about 440 kn ) was successfully achieved. [9]
Booster
Further plans to launch the orbital launch vehicle were announced in 2015 . By March 2016, the name of the rocket was referred to as “Very Big Brother” [10] [11] , it was noted that it would be a two-stage liquid rocket [6] . Its design provided for reusable use . [12] In March 2016, information appeared that the first orbital launch was planned from the Florida launch kit in 2020. [11] The first stage will be equipped with liquid engines [13] BE-4 using liquid methane / liquid oxygen . A BE-3 engine using a liquid hydrogen / liquid oxygen mixture will be installed in the second stage. The number of engines on the stairs was not announced at that time. Nothing was also known about the starting mass of the payload. [6]
Blue Origin intends to launch missiles from the LC-36 complex, and missile assembly will take place at a new factory located next to the complex, in Exploration Park. Testing of the BE-4 engines will also be conducted in Florida . [12]
In September 2016, Blue Origin announced that the rocket would be called New Glenn in honor of the first American astronaut to enter orbit John Glenn . The first step, which is 7 meters in diameter, will be powered by BE-4 engines developed by Blue Origin. The first stage is reusable , with a vertical landing, like the New Shepard suborbital launch vehicle that preceded it. [four]
Launch Plans
March 7, 2017, Blue Origin announced the signing of the first contract for the launch of a commercial satellite company Eutelsat, the launch is tentatively scheduled for 2021-2022 [14] . A day later, a second contract was signed, for five New Glenn rocket launches with OneWeb satellites [15] .
Notes
- ↑ Blue Origin developed a heavy rocket to launch satellites and people . TASS (September 12, 2016). Date of appeal September 13, 2016.
- ↑ Caleb, Henry Telesat signs New Glenn multi-launch agreement with Blue Origin for LEO missions . spacenews.com (January 31, 2019).
- ↑ Blue Origin has planned the first launch of the New Glenn heavy rocket in 2021 . TASS (January 31, 2019).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bergin, Chris . Blue Origin introduce the New Glenn orbital LV , NASASpaceFlight.com (September 12, 2016). Date of appeal September 13, 2016.
- ↑ Blue Origin shows off first complete BE-4 Engine, announces first New Glenn Customer . Spaceflight101 (March 7, 2017).
- ↑ 1 2 3 Foust, Jeff . Bezos Not Concerned About Competition, Possible ULA Sale , Space News (September 15, 2015). Date of appeal September 16, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 “Blue Origin - About Blue” Archived on March 25, 2013. .
- ↑ Blue Origin Completes Spacecraft System Requirements Review .
- ↑ "Blue Origin tests 100k lb LOX / LH2 engine in commercial crew program . "
- ↑ Berger, Eric . Behind the curtain: Ars goes inside Blue Origin's secretive rocket factory , Ars Technica (March 9, 2016).
- ↑ 1 2 Boyle, Alan . Jeff Bezos lifts curtain on Blue Origin rocket factory, lays out grand plan for space travel that spans hundreds of years , GeekWire (March 5, 2016). Date of treatment March 9, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Jeff Bezos plans to boost humans into space from Cape Canaveral , CBS News , accessed 2015-09-17.
- ↑ Breaking News | ULA taps Blue Origin for powerful new rocket engine . "
- ↑ Eutelsat first customer for Blue Origin's New Glenn . Space News (March 7, 2017).
- ↑ Blue Origin signed a second contract for five New Glenn rocket launches with OneWeb (Russian) , TASS satellites . Date of treatment March 9, 2017.
Links
- Blue origig website
- "Introducing New Glenn" by Blue Origin on YouTube.com