Fuchs, Boris Borisovich

In 1931, the family moved from Tomsk to Novosibirsk . Father Fuchs Boris Ilyich ^{[1] [2]} - surgeon, professor, head. Department of Surgery at the Novosibirsk Institute of Advanced Medical Studies . Mother - Zinaida Lvovna Fuchs, first a fish farmer, then an assistant at the Department of Histology, Medical Institute. Brother Leo is 8 years older. Son Alexander (born 1951 ) is a computer physicist ( Princeton University (USA), software companies with a profile in physics).

In 1935, the family moved to the city of Kuibyshev (now Samara ), where father and mother took the same positions at the medical institute. With the outbreak of war in 1941, his brother was drafted into the army. Subsequently, the artillery lieutenant colonel, after the war, the military representative of LOMO .

In 1942, according to the plan of evacuation of the institution, the family moved to Samarkand . Then his father was sent to the Far East by the chief surgeon of the Pacific Navy .

B. B. Fuchs was drafted into the army in September 1943 . He went through a competition at the Kirov Military Medical Academy, where academicians Orbeli , Anichkov and other world-famous scientists and members of academies from other countries taught. The Academy after breaking the blockade was returned to Leningrad .

In 1946, B. Fuchs was demobilized due to illness and completed his education at the medical institute.

This was followed by graduate school, the defense of a candidate dissertation ( 1951 ) and the work of an assistant at the Institute for Advanced Medical Studies.

In the following period (1953–58), head of the laboratory of histopathology at the Novosibirsk Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (VOSHITO).

In 1958, head of the laboratory of histochemistry at the Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine of the Siberian branch of the Academy of Sciences ( SB AS USSR ).

1962 - founded the Department of Medical Biology at Novosibirsk State University on the basis of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Akademgordka .

1960 - defended his doctoral dissertation and was elected professor ( 1962 ) at Novosibirsk State University .

Since 1962, the head. Department of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences .

In 1964 he moved to Moscow to the post of head of the laboratory of histochemistry (subsequently - cell immunopathology and biotechnology) of the Institute of Human Morphology of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences .

1994 - by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation received the title of Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation.

1996 - moved to the USA to work as a researcher at California, LLC.

In 1998, he volunteered to work for N-Dia, Inc, and then for Enzyme, Inc. in Boston , USA .

Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 28, 1994. Certificate: 3 No. 21548

The role of ribonucleic acid in the normal and pathology of the cell and the body

He described the induction of the synthesis of a specific antibody in a rabbit under the influence of RNA isolated from the lymph nodes of an immunized rabbit. Fed Proc Transl Suppl. 1965 Nov-Dec; 24 (6): 1052-1058.

Found ribonuclease-resistant RNA in telomeres of metaphase chromosomes of human lymphocytes (Dokl. Acad. Nauk USSR 187, 1969, 919; Exp. Cell Res. 79 (1973) 338-342). Currently, telomeric RNA is one of the three components of telomeres that determine the rate of aging and longevity.

He discovered and studied the role of oligoribonucleotides in the genesis of a number of acquired and hereditary human diseases (hereditary retinal abiotrophy, some neuromuscular diseases), proposed the concept of “disnucleotidoses” and developed the drug Enkad for the treatment of these diseases. The drug has been used in clinical practice for more than 30 years (Protected by a number of Russian patents, also was International patent, Publication Number WO 89/12689 /, 1989)

He described and investigated the phenomenon of membrane toxicity of a tumor cell: an increase in the permeability of the membrane of lymphocytes for 12-30 kDa ribonuclease molecules under the influence of the tumor cell itself and a number of substances produced by it. The phenomenon directly relates to the mechanism of suppression of immunity by tumors. (Biomedical Science 1990, vol. 1, pages 261-266; Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 1992 Apr; 113 (4): 389-92. Translated by Plenum Publishing Corporation 1992).

Cosmic immunology

Together with prof. I.V. Konstantinova created a research group, which, ahead of similar groups in Europe and the USA, developed a set of problems of a new science - space immunology. In particular, they found a decrease in the activity of natural killers (i.e., antitumor immunity) in astronauts during long flights. Then they established successful cooperation with scientists from the United States - NASA, France, Switzerland, and Hungary in space immunology at the laboratory of B. Fuchs at the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. The first monograph in space immunology was published, summarizing the data obtained from 20 years of studies of immunity in humans and animals in space (The immune system in space and other extreme conditions. Harwood Academic Publishers, Switzerland 1991).

Applied immunology

He developed a method and technology for the manufacture of non-immunogenic non-rejectible collagen-elastic prosthetic scaffolds for transplantation of large vessels, tendon bones and corneas of the eye (monograph “Essays on the morphology and histochemistry of connective tissue.” Publishing House “Medicine” Leningrad, 1968).

Creation of a series of hybridomas, monoclonal antibodies and clinical diagnostics

The AmniSure test presented in US and international patents (US Patent 7,709,272 Fuchs et al. May 4, 2012) is used by obstetric clinics worldwide. It allows you to detect micro-tears of the fetal bladder that occur in 4-10% of pregnant women, with an accuracy close to 98%.

• 1951 - 1953 Assistant of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Institute for the Advancement of Physicians in Stalin (now Novokuznetsk )

• 1962 - He founded the Department of Medical Biology at Novosibirsk State University on the basis of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences

• 1992 - 1995 Professor of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology . I taught a course in immunology

• Prepared 40 candidates and doctors of sciences, currently successfully working in Russia, the USA, Europe and Israel

He has published 350 works, is the author and co-author of 12 monographs and books, more than 20 inventions, including those approved in the USA, Canada, Australia in Europe and Asia.

1. Fuks BB , Konstantinova IV, Tsygankov AP, Immunologic and histochemical study of biosynthesis of specific antibodies induced by RNA from cells of immunized animals. Fed. Proc. Transl. Suppl. 1965 Nov-Dec; 24 (6): 1052-8 PMID 5215174
2. Fuchs B. B. and Fuchs B. I., Essays on the histochemistry of connective tissue. p. 1-196, Medicine, Leningrad. 1968
3. Fuchs BB , Shabanova M., Fedorov S., Krasnopolski J. et al, Patent: Method of obtaining a mixture of ribonucleotides: Int. Publ. Number WO 89/12689 C12P 19/30 // A61K3, DE, GB, HU, JP, US. Date of authorization: June, 14, 1989.
4. Fuchs B. B. , Konstantinova I. V., Cytochemistry of immunogenesis in ordinary and extreme conditions, 1973, pp. 1-271, Medicine, Moscow.
5. Fuks BB , Martinez T., Cytochemistry of RNA in metaphase chromosomes of human PHA-blasts. Exper. Cell. Res., 1973, 79 , 338-342
6. Bunina T. L., Hondkaryan O. A., Korshunova T. S., Larsky E. G., Fuchs B. B. , Treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ribonucleotides (Treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ribonucleotides). Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry S. S. Korsakova. 1976; 76 (2): 166-174. PMID 1266475
7. Katznelson L.A., Fuchs B.B. et al, Immediate and long-term results in patients treated with Enkad with retinal pigment abiotrophy. Herald of Ophthalmology, 1977, No. 7, 14-16, June; 10 (3): 273-286
8. Petrov R.V., Fuchs B. B. , Khaitov R. M., Ataullakhanov R. I., Sidorovich I. G. Regulatory role of the bone marrow in immunogenesis (Regulatory role of the bone marrow in immunogenesis). 1. Bone marrow suppressor cells in the in vitro culture (Bone marrow suppressor cells in the in vitro culture); Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology, 1978 (April); 4 : 6-11. PMID 308750
9. Petrov R.V., Sidorovich I.G., Ignatieva G.A., Fuchs BB , T x B hybrid clones capable of inhibiting the development of leukemia in vivo (T x B hybrid clones capable of inhibiting the development of leukosis in vivo), Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1983; 269 (2): 504-508. PMID 6602039
10. Fuchs B. B. , Avrova N. F., Vanko L. V. et al, Isolation and analysis of monoclonal antibodies against various gangliosides. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1986 (January); 101 (1): 66-68. PMID 3942818
11. Fuks BB , Avrova NF, Starosvetskaya NA, Boltovskaya MN et al. Biochemical and immunochemical analysis of gangliosides of human small cell lung carcinoma: production of monoclonal antibodies against unique marker of small cell lung carcinoma, ganglioside Fuc GM1. Biotechnology And Applied Biochemistry, 1988, p. 273-286
12. Medvedev AE, Fuks BB , Rakhmilevich AL, A study of the action of immunosuppressive factors from tumor cells on lymphocytes and macrophages in vitro and on the graft-versus-host reaction in mice. Biomedical Science 1990 (March); 1 (3): 261-266
13. Konstantinova IV, Fuks BB , The immune system in space and other extreme conditions, 1991, pp. 1-258, Harwood Academic Publishers, Switzerland
14. Kaliuzhin OV, Fuks BB , Influence of the hydrolypophilic balance of muramyl dipedide derivatives on their interaction with biomembranes and on their penetration into cells. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1996 (December); 122 (12): 658-661; PMID 9280467 PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE.
15. Fuks BB , Petrunin D, Zaraisky E, Boltovskaya M., Nazimova S., Starosvetskaya N., Konstantinov A., Marshiskaia M., Devices and methods for detecting amniotic fluid in vaginal secretions. United States Patent No. 7,709,272, February 14, 2012.
16. Berel B. Bible Revelations and the Molecular Genetics of Altruism. p. 1-432, Ed. Retro. St. Petersburg, 2010.
17. Berel B. Poems: Selected: Extracted from Time, Half a Century Long, pp. 1-.254. Moscow, 1995.
18. Berel B. Poems: Annals of half a century in rhythm and rhyme. p. 1-224, ed. Costa, St. Petersburg, 2013.

Boris Berel : literary pseudonym of Boris B. Fuchs