Alois Vojtech Šember ( Czech Alois Vojtěch Šembera , also known under the pseudonym Mudromil Mitsky ; March 21, 1807 , Wiskie Mito - March 23, 1882 , Vienna ) - Czech linguist, historian of literature and ethnographer. Foreign Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1868) [1] .
| Alois Vojtech Chamber | |
|---|---|
| Alois Vojtěch Šembera | |
 | |
| Birth name | |
| Date of Birth | March 21, 1807 |
| Place of Birth | Temple Mito |
| Date of death | March 23, 1882 (75 years old) |
| Place of death | Vein |
| A country | |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | Charles University |
| Academic rank | Corresponding Member of SPbAN |
Biography
Šembera was born in the town of Visoko Mito (within the present Pardubice Region ), at the junction of the Czech and Moravian ethno-linguistic elements. He studied philology and law at Charles University of Prague. In 1839 - 1847 He taught Czech language and literature in Olomouc , in 1847 - 1849 . in Brno , then in Vienna .
As one of the prominent figures of the Czech National Revival, Šembera defended the rights of the Czech language as a common literary language of the Czechs and Moravans, demanded recognition of its official status in the respective lands of the Austrian Empire (Czech Republic, Moravia and Silesia). For example, in the essay “On the Equality of Both National Languages in Moravia” ( German: Über die Gleichstellung der beiden Landessprachen in Mähren ; 1848 ); He advocated, in particular, for the use of Czech street names on a par with German, for theatrical performances in Czech. Its two-volume “History of Czech-Slavic Speech and Literature” ( Czech Dějiny řeči a literatury českoslovanské ; the first volume, until 1409 - 1858 , the second, to date - 1868 ) had not only scientific, but also civic-journalistic significance . . At the same time, however, Shemba sought to remain completely and completely on scientific grounds - and therefore ultimately made statements about the falsity of the Kraledvor manuscript in the work “Who wrote the Kraledvor manuscript in 1817?” ( Czech Kdo sepsal Královédvorský rukopis roku 1817?; 1880 ). A number of works by Šembery are devoted to the history of the Czech Republic and Moravia, in particular, “The Invasion of the Mongols in Moravia” ( Czech Vpád Mongolů do Moravy ; 1842 ). In 1848 - 1849 Chambers edited the “Moravian Newspaper” ( Czech. Moravské noviny ).
Among other works by Schämbers, the essay “Western Slavs in Antiquity” ( Czech Západní Slované v pravěku ; 1860 ) is devoted to proving that the Slavs were an indigenous and not an alien population of Central Europe: as Neil Popov , who summarized this work in 1873 , points out “Working more than fifteen years ago on a treatise on the Slavs living in Lower Austria , he studied several thousand special maps of this country, located in the Vienna Central Cadastral Archive, and found in them many Slavic names of rivers, mountains, forests, plains and steaks (much more than 1000); ... since such a large number of ancient names is borrowed from the Slavic language, it cannot be that the Slavs came to this country only in the 6th century AD, together with the Avars , as they generally believe; no doubt they have lived here since time immemorial. ” He did a similar work in the second part of the book with the Slavic names of Illyria . According to Popov, “as a result of the presentation of Mr. Shembers, the ancient history of Bohemia has received such clarity that the events of that time become very simple and understandable” [2] .
Proceedings
- Historie o vpádu Mongolů do Moravy (1841).
- Böhmische Rechtsschreibung (1841).
- Staroturecké popsáni Slovanův a Rusův (1844).
- Historie staršich moravských desk zemských (1846).
- Jazyk moravský v pruském Slezku (1842).
- Základové dialektologie československé (1864).
See also
- Slavic place names of Germany
- Slavic place names of Austria
Notes
- ↑ Chamberlain Alois Wojtek (inaccessible link) Information system “Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences”. Date of treatment August 8, 2012. Archived March 4, 2016.
- ↑ N.A. Popov. Western Slavs in ancient times : Review. // Antiquities: Proceedings of the Moscow Archaeological Society, edited by V.E. Rumyantsev. - Volume 3.M., 1873.