Andrejs Auzans (in the Russian Imperial Army, the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and military historiography - Andrei Ivanovich Auzan , Latvian. Andrejs Auzāns ; April 4, 1871 - March 23, 1953 ) - general of the Russian army, participant in the First World War , one of the first commanders of the Atysh rifle units , but did not lead them in the October coup , being the head of the military topographic directorate under the Provisional Government and the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army . After the Civil War - one of the military leaders of the Latvian army.
| Auzan, Andrey Ivanovich | |||||||||||
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| Latvian. Andrejs Auzāns | |||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | April 4, 1871 | ||||||||||
| Place of Birth | Livonia province Russian Empire now Plavinsky region , Latvia | ||||||||||
| Date of death | March 23, 1953 (81 years old) | ||||||||||
| Place of death | Stockport Greater Manchester United Kingdom | ||||||||||
| Years of service | 1895 - 1933 | ||||||||||
| Rank |  major general | ||||||||||
| Battles / wars | Russo-Japanese War , World War I , Civil War in Russia | ||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Andrei Ivanovich Auzan was born on March 22 (April 4), 1871, into a peasant, Lutheran family in the Plyavinsky volost of the Riga county of Livonia province . In 1893 he graduated from the Pskov Surveying School.
October 1 (October 13), 1893 began his studies as a cadet at the Military Topographic School, where he studied until 1895 .
From September 23 (October 5), 1895, with the rank of second lieutenant, he was promoted to the Corps of Military Topographers and began serving on the Life Guards Finland Regiment on October 13 (October 25), 1895. From April 6 (April 18), 1896, he was a producer of topographic surveys of Finland and the St. Petersburg province as an officer of the topographic unit. On August 8 (August 20), 1898, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant.
On December 24, 1898 he was seconded to the 114th Novotorzhsky Infantry Regiment , and from October 12, 1900 he was seconded to study in the Geodesy Department of the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff, which he graduated in 1st category in 1903 . On August 8 (August 21), 1901 he was awarded the rank of staff captain. May 23, 1903 he was awarded the rank of captain.
Member of the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905. From February 24 to March 11, 1905 he served in the Corps of Military Topographers and was engaged in computational work at the Military Topographic Directorate of the General Staff from March 11 to May 18, 1905. From May 18, 1905 to December 1, 1906 he was a producer of astronomical works on the 2nd Manchurian military topographic survey.
After the Russo-Japanese War, from December 1, 1906 to May 4, 1907, A.I. Auzan was seconded to the Military Topographic Directorate of the General Staff in St. Petersburg.
From May 4, 1907 to March 19, 1910 A.I. Auzan was a producer of astronomical works at the Military Topographic Division of the Turkestan Military District (observer at the Chardzhuy International Astronomical Station). [one]
December 6, 1908 he was awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel. From March 19, 1910 to March 23, 1911 he was an assistant to the chief of the Geodesic Department of the Military Topographic Department of the General Directorate of the General Staff. Since March 23, 1911 he was the head officer for errands and astronomical work at the Military Topographic Department of the headquarters of the Turkestan Military District and head of the Tashkent Physical and Astronomical Observatory . December 6, 1911 received the rank of colonel. In 1914 he was a member of the seismic commission of the Academy of Sciences.
From December 24, 1915 A.I. Auzan commanded the 7th Bauska Latvian battalion. From July 17, 1916, he was the interim commander of the 2nd Latvian Rifle Brigade, and from October 30, 1916 he was the commander of the 2nd Latvian Rifle Brigade. He was directly involved in the hostilities. In March 1917 he was appointed a member of the St. George Council. In April 1917, he was awarded the rank of Major General. On April 28, 1917, he became head of the Military Topographic Directorate of the General Staff.
A.I. Auzan voluntarily joined the Red Army and from May 2, 1918 was the head of the Corps of Military Surveyors. Since February 4, 1921 he was a full-time teacher of the Red Army Military Academy.
In 1923, he was repressed on charges of sabotage. In the same year, he tried to get a job in the military topographic department of the headquarters of the Red Army, but under pressure from the commissioner of the department, A. I. Artanov, he was refused. [2]
Service in the Latvian Army
In 1923 he returned to Latvia and, with the rank of general, continued military service in the Latvian Army [3] , where he was a member of the Military Council and the head of the Military Topographic Department. In May 1931 resigned .
At the end of World War II in 1944 he moved to Germany . In 1948 he emigrated to the UK. He died in Stockport in the UK on March 23, 1953 .
Rewards
- Order of St. George IV degree (1917, for distinction under the command of the 2nd Latvian Rifle Brigade)
- Order of St. Vladimir IV degree
- Order of St. Vladimir III degree
- Order of St. Stanislav III degree
- Order of St. Stanislav II degree
- Order of St. Anne III degree
- Order of St. Anne, II degree
- Star of Bukhara Emir
- Latvian Order of Three Stars, III Degree (1931)
- Order of the Eagle Cross, II degree (Estonia)
Notes
- ↑ S.V. Sergeev, E.I. Dolgov. “Military Topographers of the Russian Army”, Moscow: 2001, p. 27. ISBN 5-8443-0006-8
- ↑ S.V. Sergeev, E.I. Dolgov. “Military Topographers of the Russian Army”, Moscow: 2001, pp. 26-27. ISBN 5-8443-0006-8
- ↑ Fights in the Baltic States, 1919 / L.V. Lannik. - A collection of documents with comments. - Moscow: Sowing, 2017 .-- S. 205. - 442 p. - ISBN 978-5-906569-13-4 .
Literature
- Latvijas armijas augstākie virsnieki. 1918-1940. Biogrāfiska vārdnīca , Rīga 1998 (Latvian)
- Auzan Andrey Ivanovich . // Project "Russian Army in the Great War".