Colonies on agar Chapek with yeast extract (CYA) 6-7 cm in diameter on the 7th day, velvety along the edge to woolly at least in the central part, with white mycelium and copious sporulation on the entire surface, except for woolly areas, in gray-green, yellow -green, olive-yellow tones, less often yellow, then yellow-green. Often forms sclerotia - whitish, then red-brown to almost black, sometimes covering almost the entire colony (then the conidial sporulation is weakly expressed), spherical, 400-1000 microns in diameter. The reverse is unpainted. At 37 ° C, colonies 5.5–6.5 cm in diameter, similar to colonies formed at 25 ° C, with olive sporulation, sometimes with more abundant sclerotia. On malt extract agar (MEA), colonies of 5-7 cm in diameter on day 7 are usually less dense than on CYA.
Conidiophore heads are usually two-tiered, but sometimes single-tiered (on small swellings), with an unpainted or brownish pedicle 400-1000 microns and longer, with spherical apical bloating up to 20-65 microns predominate. Metulae covering the upper three quarters of the swelling, 6-10 (16) microns long. Violets 6.5-10 microns (in the absence of mules - up to 14 microns) long. Conidia are spherical and almost spherical, often somewhat different in shape and size, finely roughened, rarely smooth, 3.5-5 microns in diameter.
Mixed-agar (MCA) teleomorphs form stiff sclerocyte-like stroma with cleistothecia , of which often only half are asky with spores. Askeys are usually eight-spore (but often with 1–6 spores), 19–30 × 16.5–26.5 μm. Ascospores are oblate, spherical to widely ellipsoidal, finely warty, with a narrow equatorial crest, 8-12.5 × 7.5-12 microns.
Differences from close species
Aspergillus parasiticus is close, which is distinguished by thick-walled, spiky, spherical conidia, mainly single-tiered heads with apical bloating up to 30 μm. Aspergillus oryzae , which is a form of A. flavus introduced into the culture, is characterized by weaker sporulation - greenish, then olive-brown. Conidia in this species are somewhat larger, often smooth-walled. Aspergillus nomius forms bullet-like sclerotia (in their absence, it is morphologically indistinguishable).
The ubiquitous mushroom, most often isolated from tropical regions. It is found in soil, on fruits and seeds, on plant debris, on food products. Most affected plants with a high content of starch ( cereals - wheat , rice , corn , millet, etc.) and fatty acids ( legumes and oilseeds - peanuts , walnuts , chickpeas , soybeans , sunflower and cotton seeds, but especially peanuts) .
The main producer of aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , G 2 , causing damage to the kidneys and liver, as well as having hepatocarcinogenic and teratogenic effects.
One of the most common causative agents of aspergillosis .
Aspergillus flavus Link , 3 (1): 16 (1809).
Synonyms
- Aspergillus effusus Tirab. , 1908
- Aspergillus jeanselmei M.Ota , 1923
- Aspergillus luteus ( Bainier ) CWDodge , 1935
- Aspergillus microviridicitrinus Costantin & Lucet , 1905
- Aspergillus thomii G.Sm. 1951
- Aspergillus subolivaceus Raper & Fennell , 1965
- Aspergillus variabilis gasperini , 1887
- Aspergillus wehmeri Costantin & Lucet, 1905
- Monilia flava (Link) Pers. , 1822
- Petromyces flavus BWHorn et al. , 2009
- Sterigmatocystis jeanselmei (M.Ota) Nann. , 1934
- Sterigmatocystis lutea Bainier, 1880
- Sterigmatocystis variabilis (Gasperini) Sacc. , 1892