Cleanthes ( Greek Κλεανθης ) from Assa (c. 331 [1] / 330, Ass [2] , Asia Minor - c. 230 BC, Athens ) - Greek philosopher- stoic , representative of the Early (Ancient) Stoi, who lived in the middle of the III century BC. e. , a pupil of Zeno of Kitai after whose death - his successor at the head of the Stoic school.
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Biography
In his youth he was a fist fighter . Οk. 280 BC e. came to study with Zeno [1] : having come to Athens with 4 drachmas , paid them to him for the right to listen to his reading, and at night carried water and kneaded flour [3] .
Of his many works, in addition to small passages, Stobe preserved the "Anthem to Zeus." This is the largest text that has come down to our time from the Ancient Stoi. In this work, the Universe “appears as one large living being, whose soul is God and the heart is the Sun” [4] .
Kleanf is known mainly for blaming godlessness and demanding the expulsion of the author of the heliocentric system Aristarchus of Samos because he “moved the Hearth [Heart] of the Universe”, by which Kleanf meant, obviously, the Earth [5] . Whether the Greeks followed the advice of Cleanthus is unknown.
According to one version, the Apostle Paul quotes Cleanthus in his speech delivered in Athens, which is recorded in the 17th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles : “Like some of your poets said: 'We are His and kindred'.” ( Acts 17: 28 ) (according to other versions, Paul quotes the seer Epimenides , or the poet Pindar ).
Cleanthus was the first of the Stoics to turn to Heraclitus [6] .
The most significant student of Cleanthus was his successor Chrysippus , who began to study with him apprx. 260 BC e. [1] . Also, he may have studied studied with Zeno Spheres Bosporsky [7] .
Kleanthos belongs to the translation translated into Latin by Seneca “ Ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt ” (“He wills fate for the willing, drags for the unwilling”).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 New Philosophical Encyclopedia : Chronological Tables
- ↑ Surikov I.E. , Lenskaya V.S., Solomatina E.I., Taruashvili L.I. History and culture of Ancient Greece. Encyclopedic Dictionary / Under the general. ed. I. E. Surikova. - M .: Languages of Slavic cultures, 2009 .-- 729 p. - 800 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9551-0355-6 . S. 104
- ↑ Solovyov V.S. Kleanf, Stoic // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Chanyshev A.N. Lecture Course on Ancient and Medieval Philosophy. - M.: Higher School, 1991. - 512 p., P. 123
- ↑ Plutarch, On the Face Visible on the Disc of the Moon (passage 6) .
- ↑ Kleanf / A. A. Stolyarov // New Philosophical Encyclopedia
- ↑ Encyclopedia
Links
- Kleanf / A. A. Stolyarov // New Philosophical Encyclopedia : in 4 volumes / before. scientific ed. Council V. S. Styopin . - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Thought , 2010 .-- 2816 p.
- Diogenes of Laertes . On the life, teachings and sayings of famous philosophers . Book 7.