John (John) Buday-Delyanu ( roman. Ioan Budai-Deleanu ; January 6, 1760 , Orastie [2] , Hunedoara , Principality of Transylvania - August 24, 1820 , Lviv , Austrian Empire ) - Romanian Greek Catholic , prose writer , poet , philologist , linguist , ethnographer , historian and jurist . Doctor of Philosophy . Active participant in the Transylvanian School . One of the Romanian enlighteners.
| John of Buda-Delyanu | |
|---|---|
| room. Ioan Budai-Deleanu | |
| Date of Birth | 1760 |
| Place of Birth | Orastie , Hunedoara , Principality of Transylvania |
| Date of death | 1820 |
| Place of death | |
| Citizenship |  Romania |
| Occupation | prose writer , poet |
| Language of Works | , and |
Content
Biography
The son of a Greek Catholic priest In 1722 he graduated from the Greek Catholic theological seminary in Blage , and then the Department of Philosophy at the University of Vienna (1777-1779). Having received a philosophical, legal and theological education, he managed to defend his doctoral dissertation, which was an exceptional rarity for the Romanian population at that time.
Subsequently, he worked in Vienna as a psalmist in the Church of St. Barbarians. During 1780-1785 I. Budai-Delyanu declared himself as a poet. In 1786, he left the Austrian capital and left for Blazh , where he took the place of professor and prefect for academic work at the local seminary. However, soon, finding no understanding with the local clerical circles, he left Blazh and moved to Lviv , where from 1788 he worked as court secretary, and in 1797 or 1798 he reached a high rank of imperial-royal regional adviser. He kept this post until the end of his life.
Despite the fact that he worked most of his life in the Appeals Chamber, under the influence of the ideas of the encyclopedists and the Great French Revolution of 1789, Budai-Delyanu wrote a number of essays on the issues of law, history, philosophy, pedagogy, ethnography, linguistics, literature.
In 1813 he visited Bukovina and left the most meaningful description of the Old Believers of this region (“Brief remarks about Bukovina.” The original work was written in German). Until now, the work of I. Budai-Delyanu was widely used as a source mainly by Romanian and Austrian historians, who drew from it information about the socio-economic and cultural life of the region at the beginning of the 19th century, as well as about the ethnic history of Bukovinian Moldovans ( Romanians ) and Rusnaks ( Ukrainians ). And also contained great information about the Lipovans, the Old Believers of Bukovina.
He is the author of the first Romanian heroic-ironic poem “Gypsy”. In "Epistolia", dedicated to M. Peri and sent to P. Mayor in 1812, he indicated that he wrote "in our Romanian language", since "it is impossible to write in another" our "language, Gypsy , few people understand it."
Together with Samuel Miku-Klein and Petru Mayor, he was a prominent representative of the Transylvanian School, a patriotic Romanian movement directed against the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Habsburg Empire , whose ideas formed the basis of modern Romanian nationalism , as well as the new language policy of the Romanian state.
The creator of one of the translation systems of the Romanian language from Cyrillic to Latin .
Selected Bibliography
Prose and Poetry
- Țiganiada sau Tabăra țiganilor, (“Gypsy Games”, Iasi, I, 1875; II, 1877)
- Trei Viteji, (satirical poem, Bucharest, 1928)
Linguistics
- Temeiurile gramaticii românești, (1812)
- Dascălul românesc pentru temeiurile gramaticii românești, (1957)
- Teoria ortografiei românești cu litere latinești
- Fundamenta grammatices linguae romanicae seu ita dictae valachicae, (1812)
- Lexicon românesc-nemțesc și nemțesc-românesc, (Lviv, 1818)
- Scrieri lingvistice, (Bucharest, 1970)
History
- De originibus populorum transylvaniae
- De unione trium nationum transylvaniae
- Kurzgefasste Bemerkungen über Bukovina (1894)
- Hungaros ita describerem
- “Hungari vi armorum Transylvaniam non occuparunt”
Right
- Rândueala judecătorească de obște, (Vienna, 1787)
- Pravila de obște asupra faptelor rele și pedepsirea (a pedepsirii) lor, (Vienna, 1788)
- Carte de pravilă ce cuprinde legile asupra faptelor rele, (Chernivtsi, 1807)
- Codul penal, (Lviv, 1807)
- Codul civil, (Lviv, 1812)
- Pedagogice
- Carte trebuincioasă pentru dascălii școalelor de jos, (Vienna, 1786)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ According to another version, he was born in the village of Chigmeu (committee of Hunedoara, Transylvania)
Literature
Links
- Budai-Delyanu, Ion // Brief Literary Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.A. Surkov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1962-1978.
- Ioan Budai-Deleanu biografie completa