Pemphis [2] ( lat. Pemphis ) is a genus of flowering plants of the Derbennikovye family [3] .
| Pemphis |
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| Scientific classification |
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| International scientific name |
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Pemphis JRForst & G.Forst |
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See text |
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Content
Depending on the growing conditions, pemphis can take the form of shrubs or small densely branching trees [4] [2] . All its parts are covered with grayish silky hairs . Leaves are opposite, petioles are absent or hardly noticeable [4] . The length of the sheet is 2-4 times its width [5] . The flowers are axillary, single or paired, actinomorphic, the petals are white or pale pink [4] , pollinated by bees [6] . The color of the fruit varies from red to brown. Numerous seeds have an angular shape [5] . Seeds are buoyant, which contributes to their distribution along the coasts and coral reefs. They can cover distances by swimming in the wreckage of pumice , as well as on branches carried by birds to build nests [2] . Blossoms and bears fruit all year round [6] .
It grows on rocky and sandy coasts in the upper part of the tidal zone, often slightly higher than it. Despite endurance and stability, it cannot grow in other conditions [7] . It is an additional component of mangroves [8] .
The area is located in the Old World , captures the coast of the Pacific and Indian oceans. In Asia, sour pemphis is found in Indonesia , Japan , the Philippines , Malaysia , Singapore , Sri Lanka , Vietnam , and Thailand . It can be found in the north-east and north-west of Australia , in Papua in New Guinea , on the Solomon Islands , in Micronesia , in Fiji , Guam , New Caledonia , Palau . In the east, the range reaches the Tonga Islands in Oceania . It is found along the coast of the Indian Ocean in the Maldives , Seychelles , Mozambique and Tanzania [7] .
It is grown as a decorative plant in the art of bonsai . Wood is used for fuel and in some places as a material [7] . Despite the fact that pemphis wood is difficult to process, it is used where high strength, density, hardness, and stiffness are required, for example for canes , handles , fences [6] . Sour pemphis leaves are used for salads [2] .
A typical species is Pemphis acidula ( Pemphis acidula ) [9] [3] , which has long been considered the only representative of the genus [8] . Now at least one more species, Pemphis madagascariensis, is attributed to the genus [10] .
Sour pemphis is included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [7] .
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Family Lybraceous (Lythraceae) // Plant Life. In 6 t. / Ch. ed. A. L. Takhtadzhyan . - M .: Education , 1981. - T. 5. Part 2. Flowering plants . / Ed. A. L. Takhtadzhyana . - S. 23. - 512 p. - 300,000 copies.
- ↑ 1 2 Char. Gen. Pl. 34. 1775 Plant Name Details for Pemphis acidula (neopr.) . IPNI Date of treatment August 30, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Wu Zheng-yi & PH Raven et al., Eds. Pemphis (neopr.) . Flora of China (1994). Date of treatment November 21, 2009.
- ↑ 1 2 Kabantigi (neopr.) . Herbarium Digital Library . Philippines National Herbarium (May 1, 2005). Date of treatment November 21, 2009.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Wim Giesen. Part 2: Description - Trees & shrubs // Mangrove Guidebook for Southeast Asia . - Bangkok : FAO , Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific; Wetlands International , 2006.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Sour Pemphis in the Red List of Threatened Species
- ↑ 1 2 Hogarth, PJ The Biology of Mangroves and Seagrasses . - Oxford University Press, 2008 .-- ISBN 978-0-19-856870-4 . (English) p. 2
- ↑ Pemphis : information on the GRIN website.
- ↑ TPL, treatment of Pemphis (neopr.) . The plant list ; Version 1. (published on the internet) . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden (2010). Date of treatment August 31, 2012.