Fokino (Kaluga Region)

Located on the Smolensk-Moscow Upland . The village of Fokino is located in the northwest of the Kaluga region near the Smolensk region. Distance to Kaluga: 95 km. Distance to Moscow: 200 km. Distance to the district center of Wear : 15 km. The nearest settlements: Babino (0.5 km), Ivlevo (3.2 km), Kryukovo (4 km) ^[2] . In the village, from two small lakes, the river Stallions originates, flowing into the Kostizh river. Located on both sides of the public highway, intermunicipal value 29 OP MZ 29N-192 ( Iznoski - Shansky plant - Mikhali ) ^[3]

The name comes from the Greek calendar name "Foka", which translates as "seal" ^[3] . Foka Sinopsky - an early Christian saint ^[4]

18th century

1724: The village of Fokino is plotted on the map of Mozhaisk district of Delil ^[5]

1774: The village of Fokino is on the map of the Moscow province of Gorikhvostov within the Mozhaisk district ^[6]

1782: Countess Ekaterina Ivanovna Shuvalova (Kostyurina), widow of Count Alexander Ivanovich Shuvalov, owns the village of Fokino, already a part of the Kuzovskoy volost of the Medyn district. The village stands on the left bank of the Gastage River ^[11] (from the Indo-European “gast” ^[7] (guest, alien) and “already” - the Finno-Ugric ending of many hydronyms ^[8] ).

XIX century

1863: According to the “List of Populated Places of the Kaluga Province”, Fokino is the sovereign village of the 2nd camp of the Medynsky district, on the left side of the Medyn-Gzhatsk tract , on the Izver River. There are 47 peasant households and 374 inhabitants in the village.

XX century

1905: Emperor Nicholas II issued the Highest Decree of the Nominee “On Strengthening the Principles of Tolerance.” The decree divided the concept of " schism, " punishable by criminal law, into Old Believers , sectarianism, and the followers of "savage" teachings. From that moment on, Old Believers received all civil rights, including having their own communities, cemeteries, churches, houses of worship and clergy ^[9] .

1909: In the summer of this year, the Fokin Old Believers got a place under the cemetery ^[10] .

1911: The Old Believer community is registered in the village of Fokino. Its chairman was the peasant Ivan Mikhailovich Malinin . Fokinsky priest became father Peter Petrovich Sdobnikov , who was born in 1879 in the village of Kuryanovo, Gzhatsky district ^[10] .

Soviet authority

1920s: The parish of the local Trinity Church (villages: Bizyaevo , Ivlevo , Grishino, Tirenino) numbered about 300 people. Documents on the construction and location of the church were not found ^[10]

1923: October 26, at the request of parishioners of the Trinity Church, a new priest arrives in Fokino - Father Markell Grigorievich Kryukov . Born in 1871 or 1872, in the village of Ostray Luka. He was a peasant, in the winter he worked as a cabman in Moscow ^[10] .

1930: In January, Markell's father was arrested on charges of anti-Soviet agitation ^[10] .

1932: the priest in Fokino becomes a peasant, father Mikhail Sofonovich Scheglov . He was born in the village of Kaurovo, Sychovsky district, Smolensk province ^[10] .

1933: April 26, Father Michael was arrested and sentenced to three years of northern exile. There is no more information about him. Then, after imprisonment, Father Markell returned to the village ^[10] .

1937: Father Markell re-arrested and executed on October 23 for anti-Soviet agitation. ^[10] The Fokine Church was closed and ruined. In the same year, the Fokin deacon Kuzma Ivanovich Ivanov was also arrested . He was accused of collecting signatures in defense of Father Markell and participating in the Medyn uprising of 1918 .

1938: January 8, 1938 Kuzma Ivanovich Ivanov was shot ^[10] .

The Great Patriotic War

January 20, 1942, By the end of the day, the tank detachment of the 194th Infantry Division reaches Fokino ^[11] .

After the liberation of the Kaluga region from the Germans in the Iznoskovsky district, collective farmers of the Fokinsky village council built 10 houses for collective farmers of the Lyskovsky village council ^[12] .

Post-war time

1980s: All Fokino clerics were rehabilitated ^[10] .