Murashige-Skoog medium ( MSO , or MS0 (MS-zero) ) is a nutrient medium used in laboratories for growing a plant culture of cells or whole plants. It was invented by plant physiologists Toshio Murashige and in 1962, while searching for Murashige new phytohormone . The number after the letters MS indicates the concentration of sucrose in the medium. For example, MS0 does not contain sucrose, and MS20 contains sucrose at a concentration of 20 g / l. Together with its modifications, it is the medium most often used in laboratory practice for experiments on plant cell culture [1] .
When he was a doctoral student in Skoog, Murasige initially tried to find the still not discovered growth hormone present in the juice of tobacco plants. Such a substance was never found; instead, analysis of tobacco marc and ash from burnt tobacco revealed elevated concentrations of certain minerals in plant tissues. A series of experiments showed that by varying the levels of these nutrients, growth can be significantly accelerated compared to existing formulations. It was found that nitrogen had the strongest influence on the growth rate of tobacco tissue culture.
Content
Ingredients
Basic salts (macronutrients)
- Ammonium Nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) 1650 mg / L
- Calcium Chloride (CaCl 2 · 2H2O) 440 mg / L
- Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO 4 · 7H2O) 370 mg / L
- Potassium hydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ) 170 mg / l
- Potassium Nitrate (KNO 3 ) 1900 mg / L
Minor salts (trace elements)
- Boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) 6.2 mg / L
- Cobalt Chloride (CoCl 2 · 6H 2 O) 0.025 mg / L
- Copper (II) sulfate (CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O) 0.025 mg / l
- Iron (II) sulfate (FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O) 27.8 mg / l
- Manganese (II) Sulfate (MnSO 4 · 4H 2 O) 22.3 mg / L
- Potassium iodide (KI) 0.83 mg / l
- Sodium molybdate (Na 2 MoO 4 · 2H 2 O) 0.25 mg / l
- Zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O) 8.6 mg / l
- Sodium iron salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (NaFe-EDTA) at a concentration of 5 ml / l for a stock solution containing 5.57 g of FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O and 7.45 g of Na 2 -EDTA per liter of water.
Vitamins and Organic Substances
- Myo-Inositol 100 mg / L
- Nicotinic acid 0.5 mg / L
- Pyridoxine HCL 0.5 mg / L
- Thiamine HCL 0.1 mg / L
- Glycine 2 mg / L
- Lactalbumin hydrolyzate (optional) 1 g / l
- Heteroauxin 1-30 mg / l
- Kinetin (cytokinin) 0.04-10 mg / l
Literature
- Murashige T and Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15 (3): 473-497.
Notes
- ↑ Trigiano, Robert N .; Gray, Dennis J. Plant Tissue Culture, Development and Biotechnology. - Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010 .-- P. 186. - ISBN 1-4200-8326-0 .