Daniil Lvovich Sokolovsky ( August 22, 1896 , Kartuz-Birch of the Grodno province - 1986, Leningrad ) - Soviet hydrograph , teacher, professor of the State Hydrological Institute of the Main Directorate of Hydrometeorological Service of the Red Army , Doctor of Technical Sciences. One of the founders of the doctrine of stock . Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR . Laureate of the Stalin Prize in Science (1943).
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| Scientific field | hydrology , hydrography |
| Place of work | State Hydrological Institute |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Technical Sciences |
| Academic rank | Professor |
| Known as | One of the founders of the doctrine of stock |
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Biography
Born on August 22, 1896. Graduated from Kharkov Agricultural Institute. V.V. Dokuchaeva (1926), land reclamation engineer.
He began his scientific career in 1926 in the river department of the State Hydrological Institute. Since 1929, at the same time as working at the State Polytechnic Institute, he began working at the Hydroenergoproject, where he led the hydrological calculations group. In the process of work, he first applied the method of distribution curves, which later became widely used in hydrological and water management calculations in the design of hydraulic structures. The monograph, which describes the application of this method, "Application of distribution curves to the establishment of probable fluctuations in the annual flow of rivers in the European part of the USSR," was published in 1930.
In 1932, the method of hydrological calculations developed by D. L. Sokolovsky using the theory of probability and distribution curves was introduced into wide hydrological practice on an all-Union scale, and since that time he headed all the studies of river flow at the State Hydrological Institute, while maintaining a close relationship with production, working part-time in Gidroenergoproekt and in a number of similar institutions as a consultant.
Then began his teaching activities at Leningrad State University .
The scientist was engaged in the solution of hydrological problems, research on the further development of the application of mathematical statistics methods in hydrological science and practice, in particular: “On the causes of the drop in the coefficient of variation downstream”, “Application of probability curves and calculations, annual and maximum flows” and several others works.
He developed problems related to the genesis of runoff formation in order to obtain quantitative relationships between physicogeographic drainage factors and river runoff.
He owns a number of major studies that have largely determined the direction of development of domestic hydrology in the field of genesis - the water balance of the basins and the formation of maximum flow.
In 1937, on a study of the genesis of maximum runoff, he published a monograph, “Norms of Maximum Runoff of Spring Floods of USSR Rivers,” and a number of articles, such as, for example, “An Approximate Formula for Calculating the Maximum Stormwater Runoff” (1937), “On the Formula of Maximum Flows of Melt Water in depending on the energy of solar radiation and air temperature ”(1939). Already in 1937, Sokolovsky was awarded the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences and the title of professor for outstanding work by the Higher Attestation Commission.
He was one of the initiators of the creation of stock research and balance stations, was one of the founders of regional hydrology.
A remarkable feature is his desire to connect theoretical research with the practical application of their results. The formulas of D. L Sokolovsky for calculating the maximum runoff included in the State Standard gained all-Union fame, and the study of Pearson type 3 curves made it possible to create a methodology for calculating the supply curves, which is still widely used in the hydrological justification of hydraulic structures.
In the early years of World War II, a grandiose industrial base was erected in the Urals, the creation of which the whole country worked, and the issue of hydrological justification of construction turned out to be one of the most important. The solution to this problem was largely facilitated by the work of D. L Sokolovsky "Water resources of the rivers of the industrial Urals" (1943). For this work he was awarded the Stalin Prize .
In 1946, he published a major work: “Hydrological and water management calculations in the design of small hydropower plants ”, which was a generalization of all his personal research and literature on applied hydrology.
In the field of theoretical hydrology, he also owns works of great importance, in particular, River Runoff (1952). In 1959, the second edition of this work was published as a textbook . This work is characterized by a broad theoretical review of the processes of runoff formation and practical recommendations on the application of physico-mathematical and statistical methods to the calculation of river runoff.
Senior Researcher (1932), Doctor of Technical Sciences (1937, without defending a dissertation), Professor (1937).
D.L. Sokolovsky is a major teacher, since 1945 he led the Department of Hydrological Engineering at the Leningrad Hydrometeorological Institute, thus leading all hydrological training, both for students and young scientists. Under his supervision, I. A. Shiklomanov defended his thesis.
Publications:
- Norms of maximum runoff of spring floods of the USSR rivers. 1937 (monograph).
- River runoff [Text]: textbook / D. L. Sokolovsky. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1959.- 527 p.
Laureate of the Stalin Prize of 1946 for the scientific work “Water Resources of the Rivers of the Industrial Urals and the Methodology for Their Calculation” (1943). Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR (1967).
He was buried at Komarovsky cemetery near St. Petersburg .