International Docking Adapter ( Eng. IDA) - adapter adapter designed to convert the docking system APAS-95 into the NASA Docking System ( Eng. NASA Docking System , abbreviated NDS), created according to the International Standard Docking System ( International Docking System Standard , abbreviated IDSS). The IDA is planned to be installed on both Sealed docking adapters , one of which is installed on the Harmony module.
Content
History
Prior to the IDA, there were various options for docking adapters that were supposed to play a similar role, but ultimately they were all canceled.
APAS to LIDS conversion adapter
The adapter for converting the APAS to LIDS system (Eng. APAS to LIDS Adapter System, abbreviated ATLAS) was proposed in 2008 [1] . It was planned to install it on the open PMA Sealed Dock Adapter to convert the APAS-95 into a Low Impact Docking System (LIDS) - now known as NASA Docking System [1] . It was planned to launch ATLAS on the ISS in the first two missions of the Orion spacecraft [1] , however, Orion launches on the ISS were canceled and replaced with a commercial crew delivery program [2] .
Simple Docking Common Docking Adapter (CDA)
A simple docking adapter (Eng. Common Docking Adapter, abbr. CDA) was introduced in 2009 [3] . It was developed to transform the Unified Docking Mechanism into a NASA Docking System [4] . CDA adapters were planned to be connected directly to the front and anti-aircraft docking nodes of the Harmony module [4] . CDA adapters were planned to be delivered by the Japanese HTV truck [4] .
Design
IDA converts the APAS-95 docking system to NASA's Docking System (which complies with the International Docking System Standard) and allows the crew, cargo, power and data to pass through it [5] . The IDA weighs 526 kg (1,160 lbs), its height is 42 ″ (110 cm) and width is 63 ″ (160 cm) [5] [6] . Given the docking targets, laser reflective devices and other related systems that are located on the outer perimeter, the outer diameter is about 94 ″ (240 cm) [5] .
Boeing , the main developer of IDA, assembled the adapters in its own Houston Product Support Center [7] [8] . Parts from subcontractors were sourced from 25 US states. The basic design was supplied by the Russian company RSC Energia [5] [8] .
Installing IDA Modules on the ISS
When the IDA module arrives on the ISS, Dexter takes it from the Dragon truck and installs it approximately 1 foot (30 cm) from the front of the PMA adapter. Then gently slide the IDA adapter into place to mount it on the PMA adapter. Then he holds it there until the astronauts during the spacewalks connect the electrical connections and finally connect the IDA adapter to the PMA adapter [8] .
It was originally planned that the IDA-1 adapter would be attached to the front PMA-2 adapter on the NODE-2 module (Harmony) [9] , and the IDA-2 adapter would be attached to the Harmony module on the PMA-3 anti-aircraft adapter [9] [10] . However, due to the accident, the IDA-1 adapter was lost and plans changed. The IDA-2 adapter was installed on the front adapter of the PMA-2 module of the Harmony [11] . To make up for the loss of the IDA-1 adapter, an IDA-3 adapter will be manufactured, which is planned to be installed on the PMA-3 anti-aircraft adapter of the Harmony module [11] .
Starting and losing the IDA-1 adapter
In February 2015, it was reported that the IDA-1 adapter was transported to the Kennedy Space Center , and IDA-2 was still in the Boeing assembly shop in Houston [8] . Another month passed before the systems and sights of the IDA-1 adapter were tested before assembly and launch [5] .
The IDA-1 adapter was lost during the unsuccessful launch of SpaceX CRS-7 on June 28, 2015 [9] [10] [12] . As a result, it was decided to install the IDA-2 adapter in its place, and make a new IDA-3 adapter.
Starting and Installing the IDA-2 Adapter
The IDA-2 adapter was launched on the ISS with the SpaceX CRS-9 US mission, July 18, 2016 [13] . Its installation on the PMA-2 adapter on the Harmony module was completed on August 19, 2016 [14] .
Starting and Installing the IDA-3 Adapter
To speed up the construction of the IDA-3 adapter, mainly spare parts were used [15] .
The launch of the IDA-3 adapter has been delayed several times since 2016. On July 27, 2019, the adapter was delivered to the ISS by the Dragon truck of the SpaceX CRS-18 mission [16] . An IDA-3 docking adapter weighing 534 kg [17] was installed on the PMA-3 airtight docking adapter located on the anti-aircraft (space-facing) port of the Harmony module to form a second docking port for commercial manned spacecraft. To move IDA-3 from the leaky cargo compartment of the Dragon to the PMA-3 adapter, the ISM Canadaarm2 mechanical arm was used. Later, members of the 60th ISS Expedition ( Tyler Haig and Andrew Morgan ) finally installed its connecting cables, making spacewalks on August 21, 2019 [18] .
Sketches of adapter installation locations
Sketch of an IDA adapter connected to a PMA adapter
Previously planned installation locations for IDA adapters on PMA adapters, before losing the IDA-1 adapter
New installation locations for IDA-2 and IDA-3 adapters
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Coppinger, Rob NASA develops new docking system for Constellation . London: Flightglobal (Jan 4, 2008). Date of treatment January 19, 2015.
- ↑ Klotz, Irene Orion No Backup for Commercial Crew, Says Bolden . SpaceNews (June 18, 2014). Date of treatment February 28, 2015.
- ↑ Recovery Act: United States On-orbit Segment Phase II Development of International Space Station Common Docking Adapter . SpaceRef (Oct 7, 2009). Date of treatment February 28, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Hatfield, Skip NASA Docking System (NDS) Technical Integration Meeting . NASA (Nov 17, 2010). Date of treatment February 28, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Siceloff, Steven Docking Adapter Sets Stage for Commercial Crew Craft . Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA: NASA (June 27, 2015). Date of treatment June 28, 2015.
- ↑ SpaceX CRS-7 Mission Overview . NASA (June 2015). Date of treatment June 28, 2015.
- ↑ SpaceX Pre-Launch Briefing from NASA's Kennedy Space Center . NASA (June 27, 2015). Date of treatment June 28, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Space Station Live: The ABCs of IDA (video) . NASA (Feb 20, 2015). Date of treatment February 28, 2015.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Hartman, Dan International Space Station Program Status . NASA (July 23, 2012). Date of treatment August 10, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Hartman, Daniel Status of the ISS USOS . NASA Advisory Council HEOMD Committee (July 2014). Date of treatment October 26, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 Scimemi, Sam HSF Transition from ISS to cis-lunar space and ISS Status . NASA (November 4, 2015). Date of treatment November 29, 2015.
- ↑ Foust, Jeff Docking Adapter, Satellites, Student Experiments Lost In Dragon Failure . SpaceNews (June 28, 2015). Date of treatment June 29, 2015.
- ↑ Jason Rhian . SpaceX Conducts Second Ground Landing After Launch Of CRS-9 Dragon To ISS , Spaceflight Insider (July 18, 2016).
- ↑ American astronauts on the ISS completed spacewalk . TASS. Date of treatment August 19, 2016.
- ↑ Stephen Clark . Boeing borrows from inventory to speed docking adapter delivery , Spaceflight Now (1 May 2016).
- ↑ Dragon ship docked to the ISS . TASS. Date of treatment July 28, 2019.
- ↑ SpaceX CRS-18 Mission Overview . NASA
- ↑ NASA astronauts completed the installation of a new docking station on the ISS . TASS. Date accessed August 21, 2019.