Longbien

The area is named after the previously independent city of Longbyan ( Chinese trad. 龍 邊 , ex. 龙 边 , pinyin : Lóngbiān ), which served as the capital of the Chinese provinces of Jiaozhou (during the Han and Jin dynasties ) and Zyaoti or Jiaozhi (during the Sui and Tang dynasties ) Also in the VI century, the ancient Longbyan was the capital of the Vansuan state, founded by Emperor Li Nam-de from the early Li dynasty .

In the French period, the current region belonged to the Zyalam region, and still many of the toponyms in Longbien (market, factory, railway station, airport and others) bear the name Zyalam.

The Longbien district is located east of the center of Hanoi, in the bend of the Hongha and Dyong rivers ( Vietnamese. Sông Đuống ) . In the north, it borders with Dongan County, in the east - with Zyalam County, in the south - with the Hoang Mai District, in the west - with the districts of Khaibaching , Hoan Kiem , Badin and Teijo .

There are several parks along the Hongha River, equipped beaches. Near Bode Pagoda there is a large cemetery of the same name.

Currently, the Longbien district consists of 14 quarters (phường) - Bode ( Vietnamese. Bồ Đề ) , Kykhoi ( Vietnamese. Cự Khối ) , Dykzyang ( Vietnamese. Đức Giang ) , Zyatkhui ( Vietnamese. Gia Thụy ) , Zyangbyen ( Vietnamese. Giang Biên ) , Longbien ( Vietnamese. Long Biên ) , Ngoklam ( Vietnamese. Ngọc Lâm ) , Ngokthui ( Vietnamese. Ngọc Thụy ) , Fukdong ( Vietnamese. Phúc Đồng ) , Fukloy ( Vietnamese. Phúc Lợi нong айдong . ) , Thkhban ( Vietnamese. Thạch Bàn ) , Thuong Thanh ( Vietnamese. Thượng Thanh ) and Vietgyng ( Vietnamese. Việt Hưng ) .

The headquarters of the Petrolimex Oil and Gas Corporation, Vietnam Airlines , the Vietnam Civil Aviation Administration, the Vingroup Construction Holding ^[2] , the Plaschem Chemical Company, the Gia Lam Train Factory, the Cau Duong refractory materials factory, the Army Medical Equipment and Pharmaceuticals refinery factory are located in the area. as well as large industrial areas Saidong B (Hanoi IT Park technology cluster, Sumi Hanel and Hanel CSF plants, Hanel Software Solutions offices) and Hanel Industrial Park (Dynapac factory).

Large shopping centers AEON Mall, Vincom Center, Vinmart, Savico Megamall, Mediamart, HC Home Center, IKEA , as well as chain supermarkets BigC, Fivimart and Hapro Mart, many car dealerships operate in Longbien. Despite the new retail formats, the markets of Zyalam ( Vietnamese. Gia Lâm ) , Fukdongmoy ( Vietnamese. Phúc Đồng mới ) , Ngoklam ( Vietnamese. Ngọc Lâm ) and Diemgo ( Vietnamese. Diêm Gỗ ) continue to play an important role.

High-rise residential complexes with developed social infrastructure, areas of elite mansions and villas with private schools and golf clubs (including Vinhomes Riverside and Vincome Villas) ^{[3] [4]} , shopping centers and offices, but the blocks of the old dilapidated housing. In the Bode quarter, on the banks of the Hong Kong River, there is the entertainment complex Nắng Sông Hồng Cultural and Tourism Village (includes a garden, a puppet theater on the water, stylized restaurants and cafes) ^[5] .

Despite the dense development, orchards, vegetable gardens and flower plantations are preserved in the area ^[6] .

In 1903, a 2.4-kilometer cantilever bridge named after the Governor-General of the French Indochina Paul Doumer was thrown across the Hongha River, linking Longbien with the Hoan Kiem area (today known as Longbien Bridge). Construction, which involved more than 3 thousand Vietnamese, has been carried out since 1899 by Parisian architects and engineers. For a long time, it was the longest bridge in Asia and the only bridge across the Red River, connecting Hanoi with Haiphong and North Vietnam. From 1967 to 1972, the bridge was repeatedly bombed by American aircraft. After the war, Longbien Bridge was rebuilt with the preservation of a significant part of the original design. Used by trains, cars, mopeds, bicycles and pedestrians. Under the bridge in the huts and boats live the poor, who arrived in Hanoi from the countryside ^[7] .

In 1985, the 1.2-km Thyongziong Road Bridge ( Vietnamese. Cầu Chương Dương ) was built near the Longbien Bridge. In 2010, within the framework of a large-scale program dedicated to the 1000th anniversary of Hanoi , a 3.7-km Vintui automobile bridge ( Viet . Cầu Vĩnh Tuy ) and a 3.1-km Thanchi automobile bridge ( Vietnamese. Cầu Thanh Trì ) were opened across the Hongha River . .

In Longbien, the railroads cross the center of Hanoi with the Chinese border (and further to Nanning ) and the port of Haiphong . Important transport hubs are Zyalam Station, from where trains leave for China and Haiphong, and Longbien Railway Station (both have large bus terminals). Also, the Third Ring Road, national highways No. 1A, No. 5B and No. 14 pass through the territory of the district. Other busy Longbien highways are the streets of Nguyenwanki ( Vietnamese. Nguyễn Văn Cừ ) , Ngozyaty ( Vietnamese. Ngô Gia Tự ) , Doankhue ( Vietnamese êon Khuen ) , Tyuhyuiman ( Vietnamese. Chu Huy Mân ) , Colin ( Vietnamese. Cổ Linh ) .

Public transport is represented by an extensive bus network of the state-owned company Transerco (Hà Nội Transport and Services Corporation). Road interchanges , flyovers and overpasses are being actively built in the region ^{[8] [9]} . Active navigation is carried out on the rivers, authorities are struggling with illegal extraction of sand from the river bottom, the destruction of flood dams and illegal coastal development ^{[10] [11]} .

Military base Zyalam

In the Longbien district, Vietnam’s Zyalam Air Force Base is located ( Viet Nam . Sân bay Gia Lâm ) . Today it is based on the An-26 , An-28 , An-30 , MiG-21 and Ka-27 . The air base is used to train military pilots, as well as to base tourist helicopters (sightseeing tours to Halong Bay ) and small aircraft. The Hanoi authorities have plans to reorganize the air base into a civilian airport for charter flights in northern Vietnam ^[12] .

In the area are the Buddhist pagoda Bode ( Vietnamese. Bồ Đề ) of the 17th century, temples Lamzu ( Vietnamese. Lâm Du ) , Aimo ( Vietnamese. Ái Mộ ) , Thiengyong ( Vietnamese. Thiên Trường ) , Longdu ( Vietnamese. Long Đọi ) , Bakkau ( Vietnamese Bắc Cầu ) , Thieusiao ( Vietnamese. Tiêu Giao ) , Ngoklam ( Vietnamese. Ngọc Lâm ) , Thanyam ( Vietnamese. Thanh Am ) , Mayfuk ( Vietnamese. Mai Phúc ) , Shaydong ( Vietnamese. Sài Đồng ) , Fokung ( Phổ Quang ) , Tinkuang ( Vietnamese. Tình Quang ) , Vodong ( Vietnamese. Vo Đông ) , Wojung ( Vietnamese. Vo Trung ) , Thuongdong ( Vietnamese. Thượng Đồng ) , Hoysa ( Vietnamese. Hội Xá ) , Kilin ( Vietnamese. Cự Linh ) , Ngiemkuang ( Vietnamese. Nghiêm Quang ) , the Catholic Church of Thotydin ( Thn Tờ ưình ) .

In the Bode quarter, there is a celebration of the village of Fuvien ( Vietnamese. Phú Viên ) , dedicated to Khao Shong, Zyng Hoa and Ms. Kang Mi Nyong ( Vietnamese. Càn Mỹ nương ) ; accompanied by boat races. In the village of Aimo in the Bode quarter, a festival of the Genj temple ( Vietnamese Ghềnh ) is held , dedicated to the three goddesses - Liu Han (daughter of Ngok Hoang), La Binh (daughter of the deity Tan Vien) and Le Ngok Han (wife of Emperor Nguyen Hue ); the festival is accompanied by praise of the Holy Mother and other religious ceremonies ^[13] .

In the Zyatkhui quarter and Yentan temple ( Vietnamese. Yen Tan ) of the Ngokhtui quarter, there is a celebration of the Zyathyui public house, dedicated to Chung Thanh ( Vietnamese. Trung Thành ) , Dong Luong ( Vietnamese. Đông Lương ) , Thong Vinhu ( Vietnamese. Thong Vong ) ( Vietnamese. Quý Nương ) ; accompanied by religious ceremonies, singing kachu and playing chess ^[13] .

In the Vietgyng quarter, a holiday is held in the village of Lemat, dedicated to the patron deity of the village and the Hoang family; accompanied by a "snake dance". In the village of Ngokchi in the Thakhban quarter, a festival of the Changwu Temple is held, dedicated to the deity Huen Thien Chang Wu ( Vietnamese. Huyền Thiên Trấn Vũ ) ; accompanied by large-scale tug of war competitions ^{[13] [14]} .

In the quarter of Zyatkhui, a festival of the village of Shaidong ( Vietnamese. Sài Đồng ) is held , dedicated to Lin Lang; accompanied by a performance celebrating rural labor. In the quarter of Kykkhoi there is a celebration of the village of Thokhoy ( Vietnamese. Thổ Khối ) , dedicated to Dao Zui Chinu ( Vietnamese. Đào Duy Trinh ) , Kao Shonu, Bat Yes, courtiers Do Kayu and Lin Lang; accompanied by the sacrifice of white roosters, boat races, a game of chess, performances of the teo theater, singing kachu and other performances by artists ^[13] .

The Longbien Military Academy of Logistics ^[15] , the British International School in Hanoi and the Wellspring International School are based.

• Official site of the district