36th mine torpedo aviation regiment

Military unit 49306

36th long-range bomber aviation regiment

36th mine-torpedo Red Banner Aviation Regiment of the Air Force Black Sea Fleet / SF / Pacific Fleet

The 36th mine torpedo aviation regiment was formed from March 4 to April 15, 1942. After the formation, he became part of the Black Sea Fleet Air Force . Squadron and unit commanders arrived from the Pacific Fleet , and pilots from naval flight schools. The regiment was created according to the state 030/255-A and had two squadrons of 10 DB-3 aircraft each .

From April 15 to June 5, 1942, combat training was carried out in the regiment. Since June 6, the regiment was at the disposal of the Deputy NK Navy Admiral I.S. Isakova , with a deployment at the Belorechenskaya airfield (20 km northwest of Maykop ).

During the flight, one bomber crashed at an intermediate airfield in the village of Borskoye, where the 2nd Navy Air Force ZAP was based. The gunner and two mechanics were killed. In Maykop, during a training flight, the car of the commander of the 2nd AE, Captain P. Osipov, crashed. The whole crew died. For high accident rate regiment commander A.G. Biba was removed from office. Instead, Major A.Ya. was appointed commander of the 36th ICAP. Efremov.

The regiment's first sortie took place on the night of June 28, when the DB-3f bombers of the 5th Guards MTAP and 36th MTAP bombed the Yalta port, where Italian torpedo boats were based.

On July 1, 1942, the crews of the regiment covered the Black Sea Fleet ships evacuating from Sevastopol from the air.

On the night of July 5-6, the regiment's planes laid mines on the outer roads and the fairway of Sevastopol.

On the night of July 12, 1942, 11 DB-3F of the 36th MTAP, together with 9 DB-3F of the 5th Guards. The MTAP, as well as from the 6th Pe-2 and 6th SB of the 40th BAP, under cover of fighters of the 62nd IAP, raided enemy vehicles in the port of Mariupol .

On July 25 and 26, the regiment’s planes bombed a cluster of enemy trains at the Kerch-2 station, and at night they struck the enemy’s airfield in the village of Tayarshskaya. In addition, at the end of July, the regiment repeatedly flew out to bombing crossings in the areas of Tsimlyansk and Belaya Kalitva.

On August 1, the regiment mined the Kerch Strait . In the following days, he attacked enemy boats in the ports and airfields of Kerch-2 and Bagerovo.

On August 4-5, 1942, due to the unfavorable situation on the land front, the 36th MTAP was relocated from Belorechenskaya airfield to Adler airfield. At the same time, the regiment was included in the 63rd brigade of the Air Force of the Black Sea Fleet, along with the 5th Guards. MTAP and 40th BAP.

On August 17, the regiment’s planes, as part of the brigade, were sent to bombard German tank columns. On August 24 and in the following days, the regiment delivered strikes against accumulations of troops and equipment of the enemy.

In early September, the task of the regiment was to deliver bombing strikes in the Novorossiysk direction.

On September 4, 1942, the regiment was relocated from the Adler airfield to the Alakhadze airfield 15 km from Sukhumi.

September 9, 1942 4 DB-3F 36th MTAP and 4 DB-3F 5th Guards. ICAP bombed the Yalta port. As a result of the raid, Italian torpedo boats MAS-571 and MAS-573 were sunk, and 3 more boats were damaged.

Since mid-September, the regiment began to carry out aerial reconnaissance in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the Black Sea and search for enemy ships in a torpedo version. Thus, only five months after the formation of the 36th MTAP began to carry out combat missions in its main mission.

In the second half of September, the regiment continued to strike at enemy ships in the sea and at the ports of Kerch and Balaklava, as well as at troop accumulations at the passes. In addition to these tasks, a very specific task was assigned to the crews of the regiment - the search for submarines near the Caucasus coast.

By September 24, due to heavy losses, the 36th MTAP had only 11 Il-4 aircraft, of which only 7 were operational.

Since the beginning of October, the regiment’s crews carried out mine operations in the Kerch Strait, bombed the ports of Yalta, Taman, and Balaklava.

Since October 9, 1942, the regiment was transferred to the state 030/264. According to him, the regiment had three squadrons of 10 aircraft and another 2 aircraft in control.

On October 28, 1942, the remaining 11 IL-4 aircraft and 14 crews were transferred to the 5th Guards. ICAP Black Sea Fleet. The rest of the crews left for Kazakhstan in November, at the Taincha station, where they were to receive new aircraft and reorganize on the basis of the 3rd Navy Air Force ZAP.

During active hostilities, from June to November 1942, the regiment destroyed more than 30 warships and transports, 15 enemy aircraft, more than 100 motor vehicles, about 60 railway wagons, destroyed 4 crossings, 10 port facilities, 10 fuel and ammunition depots , more than 5,000 soldiers and officers.

In the period from January 2 to 18, 1943, the 36th long-range bomber aviation regiment (as it became known as) was returned to the Dzhandar-Gel airfield in the Caucasus. There, he was re-reorganized to the state of 030/264 three-squadron regiment, replenished with graduates of flight schools and air force Pacific Fleet pilots, and retrained for the American aircraft A-20B and A-20G Boston . New aircraft were not equipped with torpedo bridges.

On March 19, 1943, the 36th DBAP returned to the combat personnel of the Black Sea Fleet Aviation.

On April 25, 1943, the regiment was relocated to the Alakhadze airfield, and from April 30 began combat work again.

Until mid-1943, the regiment was separate, subordinate directly to the commander of the Air Force of the Black Sea Fleet, and in the summer of that year he was included in the 1st MTAD (former 63rd BAB).

In June 1943, the 1st AE of the 36th DBAA began training in low-altitude torpedo throwing, which was completed in early August, and on August 9, the first “free hunting” sortie with torpedoes took place.

By September 1943, part of the regiment was based at the Gelendzhik airfield.

September 26, 1943 15 A-20G Boston aircraft of the 36th DBA, under the command of Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel A.Ya. Efremova, together with the aircraft Pe-2 of the 40th BAP and IL-4 of the 5th Guards. Black Sea Fleet Air Force Black Sea Fleet, struck at the port of Sevastopol. As a result of the strike, vehicles, 2 boats and a warehouse were destroyed.

September 28 was one of the most tragic events in the history of the regiment. On this day, the seven aircraft A-20G Boston, led by the commander of the 1st AE Major A.I. Fokin, flew from the Gelendzhik airfield to inflict a low-altitude torpedo strike on the Romanian naval base and the port of Constanta. This was the only case of such use of torpedo weapons in the Navy Air Force during the war years. As a result of this attack, the enemy did not suffer serious losses. Among the aircraft of the strike groups, three torpedo bombers were shot down over the target.

As of October 1, 1943, the regiment had 11 A-20Cs and 6 A-20Gs, of which only 6 aircraft were equipped with torpedo bridges. The main task of the regiment at that time was the bombing of ports on the southern coast of Crimea.

In mid-November, the 1st AE regiment was relocated to the Skadovsk airfield, being part of the formed Skadovsk air group, and the 2nd AE - to the Gelendzhik-Upper airfield.

At the beginning of 1944, the 36th DBAA contained 6/6 A-20G and 2/2 A-20C at the Skadovsk aerodrome (1st AE) and 9/9 A-20G at the Gelendzhik aerodrome (2nd and 3rd I am AE). In addition, another Boston regiment was located at Meria airfield.

Based on the Order of the Navy NK No. 0122 dated February 15, 1944, the 36th DBAP was to be relocated to the North at the Vaenga-1 airfield within two months. In return, the 29th Northern Fleet Air Force Base Unit arrived from there. By the same order, the regiment was again renamed the 36th mine and torpedo aviation regiment. However, in view of the ongoing fierce battles for the liberation of Crimea and Sevastopol, by March 1944 the 36th MTAP, together with the 5th Guards. ICAP, continued to strike at the retreating enemy.

In early March 1944, the regiment had only 10 operational Bostons in the 1st and 2nd AE, and the 3rd squadron was “horseless”.

On April 23, the 5th A-20G of the 36th MTAP, under cover of 6 fighters of the 43rd IAP, struck a transport with a displacement of 3,000 tons, two minesweepers and two patrol boats.

On April 24, the Black Sea Fleet’s most powerful attacks came from a caravan breaking out of Sevastopol, which included the Totila motor ship, KT-25, KT-26 transports, the damaged destroyer Reggele Ferdinand, and several small escort ships. The Boston 15A-20G bombing of the convoy was the last operation of the 36th MTAP on this theater. The next day, the regiment began to relocate to the North.

April 26, 1944, transferring the remaining "Bostons" in the 13th Guards. DBAP Air Force Black Sea Fleet, 1st and 3rd AE of the 36th MTAP departed for Taincha station. There they received new Boston aircraft and flew to them North, and the 2nd AE followed them after May 2.

In total, during his time as part of the BSF Air Force (taking into account the withdrawal to the rear for reformation), the regiment lost 13 aircraft and 9 crews.

By June 1, 1944, there were 8 A-20 aircraft at the Vaenga-1 airfield. Another 20 Bostons flew there from June 12 to 20.

In the North, the regiment that was part of the 5th Infantry Airborne Infantry Regiment of the Northern Fleet, given the low level of torpedo training of crews, was mainly used in the bomber version.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 07.22.1944, “for exemplary performance of the combat missions of command on the front of the struggle against the German invaders and the courage and courage shown”, the 36th MTAP was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

On September 21, 1944, a tragic incident occurred that left a dark spot in the history of the regiment. On this day, the A-20G aircraft, piloted by Captain Protas, in the area of ​​Cape Gamvik attacked with a torpedo and sunk in the surface the submarine, which turned out to be our guards Red Banner Shch-402 (such an assumption was expressed by the command of the Northern Fleet).

In October 1944, the regiment switched to delivering torpedo strikes against enemy convoys. During the first three months of their stay in the North, the regiment lost 10 aircraft; in October alone, 11 Bostons were lost in combat sorties.

Since November, the regiment’s planes began to be involved in specific tasks: anti-submarine guarding of convoys and the search for submarines in the operational area of ​​the fleet.

As of January 1, 1945, the regiment had 14 A-20G Boston aircraft and 20 crews.

On February 2, the regiment suffered the last battle loss - it did not return from a flight to search for A-20G submarines, piloted by Lieutenant Moiseev. In total, during his stay in the Air Force of the SF regiment lost 23 aircraft and 18 crews.

April 23, 1945 a pair of A-20G dropped bombs on a German submarine, going under the periscope. The boat soon surfaced, with a large roll. The pilots dropped another series of bombs on it, after which the boat disappeared under water, leaving a large oil stain on the surface. The target of the attack was probably U-481.

As of May 9, 1945, only 12 aircraft remained in the combat structure of the regiment.

After the end of hostilities in the Western Theater, on the basis of the Order of the Navy NK No. 00141 of 07/14/1945, the 36th MTAP, which was kept in state No. 030/264, was ordered to redeploy to the Far East. Missing in the state of 19 cars, he was supposed to get in Moscow.

In accordance with the OGMSH circular No. 0707 of 07/04/1945, the 36th MTAP was accepted into the 2nd MTAD of the Pacific Fleet Air Force. The flight of the regiment’s planes from Moscow to the Romanovka airfield began on July 26 and was completed only on August 17, 1945. The regiment included 27 A-20G Boston.

On August 18, 1945, the 36th MTAP performed its first and last combat mission in the war with Japan. 10 Boston Regiment aircraft raided Kyushu Station (Korea). One plane was damaged by Japanese anti-aircraft artillery fire in the Xuezuonjio-Yechendog area and was lost as a result of a forced landing on the water in the Sea of ​​Japan in the Seishin area. The fate of the crew is unknown.

Since March 7, 1946, on the basis of Order of the Commander of the Pacific Fleet No. 004 of 02.02.1946, the 36th MTAP was redeployed from Romanovka airfield to Tuchenzi airfield (China) and became part of the newly formed 18th Port Arthur Naval Naval Airborne Assault ( Order of the Commander of the Pacific Fleet No. 097 of March 7, 1946). The personnel of the regiment had to master another theater of action - the Yellow Sea.

Since December 15, 1947, on the basis of the NSC Navy circular No. 0036 of 10/07/1947, the regiment is transferred to a four-squadron structure unified with the Air Force SA (to state No. 98/705).

On the basis of the Directive of the head of GOU MGSH of the Navy No. 1297226 of 08/03/1950, the 36th MTAP transfers the three-squad state No. 98/15.

Since February 5, 1951, on the basis of the Directive of the head of the GOU MGSH Navy No. Org / 7/21204 dated 12/30/1950, the 36th MTAP was transferred from the 18th SAD to the 589th MTAD (formerly 194th Supplement of the Air Force KA), without changing the location.

By December 1953, the regiment was retrained on IL-28 jets.

In 1955, on the basis of the 36th MTAP, with the involvement of flight personnel from the 52nd Guards. MTAP 89th MTAD Air Force Pacific Fleet, trained Chinese pilots on IL-28 aircraft. In 1955-1956, 5 Il-28 aircraft were handed over to China from the composition of the MTA Air Force Pacific Fleet units.

Since April 26, 1955, on the basis of the Directive of the General Staff of the Naval Forces No. OMU / 57326 dated December 29, 1953, the 36th MTAP was relocated from the Tuchentzi airfield to the Nikolaevka airfield and became part of the 89th MTAD of the Pacific Air Force.

Since December 1, 1957, in accordance with the Directive of the Navy Civil Code No. OMU / 4/30250 of 07.20.1957, the 36th MTAP was transferred from state No. 98/316 to state No. 15/721 and became regiment 2- th line.

July 1, 1960, as part of the "further significant reduction of the USSR Armed Forces", on the basis of the Directive of the General Staff of the Navy No. OMU / 13030 dated 03/27/1960, the 36th MTAP at the Nikolaevka airfield was disbanded.

09/29/1948. Accident A-20G, died KE: Doinikov M.A., ShE: Novikov M.M., HRV: Shelest I. Yu., Passengers: Polyakov V.P., Chumachenko N.F.

On March 23, 1949, the A-20G Boston 2nd AE crashed. KE died: Kosarev I.I., ShE: Albul V.T.

July 20, 1949, in the afternoon, when performing regimental LTU, after 50 minutes. after take-off from the air. Aircraft A-20G Boston, piloted by deputy regiment commander Major Vladimir Yakovlevich Bulatov, navigator - lieutenant Alexander Fedorovich Nenyaev, HRV - sergeant Vitaliy Vasilyevich Ivanov and radar operator - ml. Sergeant Ivan Nikitovich Tobratov. The search for the aircraft and crew did not yield results.

On April 14, 1950, during a training exercise, in the collision of A-20G aircraft in the air, pilot Lieutenant Vasily Georgievich Fisenko and Art. pilot Aleksey Semyonovich Mashkovtsev, as well as navigator Anatoly Nikolayevich Vertogradov, HRV, Mr Gafarov H.M. and Mr Baranov A.P. The navigator of one of the aircraft, Ivan Semeguk, survived.

September 4, 1950 over the Yellow Sea by American fighter F-4U "Corsair" from the squadron VE-53, from the aircraft carrier "Valley Forge" under the command of R.E. Downs, in the area 8 km south of about. Haiyangdao A-20G torpedo bomber was shot down, carrying out aerial reconnaissance of the US Navy destroyer Herbert J. Thomas (DD-833). The victory was counted to lieutenant Edward W. Lane. The crew of the Soviet aircraft died, the body of Lieutenant Mishin (navigator) was raised from the water by the Americans on board his ship. P-63 “Kingcobra” escort fighters from the 405th IAP of the 18th Air Force CAD of the 5th Navy, piloted by captains Bobenko and Levchuk, evaded the battle and returned to their airfield. This international incident, along with other similar cases, served as a formal reason for the participation of the Soviet Air Force in the Korean War of 1950-1953.

May 10, 1958, when landing on the air. Nikolaevka, due to the error of the flight director who issued the wrong commands, the Il-28T plane crashed, in which the ship’s commander died. Lieutenant Kuleshov and navigator Lieutenant Vladimir Andreyevich Drema. The plane collided with a hill, the crew died. For this disaster, regiment commander Colonel N.I. Efremov was removed from his post and was appointed deputy commander of the 50th Guards. ODRAP Air Force Pacific Fleet.

A.G. Biba (March - June 1942, filmed), GSS A.Ya. Efremov (June 1942 - October 1944), P.N. Obukhov (October - December 1944, VRID), F.M. Koptev (December 1944 - March 1945, VRID), GSS A.Ya. Efremov (April 1945 - 1948), P.K. Panov (until September 1949), S.M. Ruban (September-December 1949), V.V. Sokolov (1950-1953, filmed), A.V. Chernov (1953-1955), N.I. Efremov (1956-1958 gg., Withdrawn).

IL-4, A-20G, IL-28.

• Klyushkin Alexey Stepanovich , senior lieutenant, adjutant navigator of the regiment.
• Kordonsky, Shika Abramovich , captain, navigator of the 2nd aviation squadron.
• Pisarev Gennady Vasilievich , captain, navigator of the 1st aviation squadron.
• Rukavitsyn Vladimir Pavlovich , captain, aviation commander of the 36th mine torpedo aviation regiment.
• Rykhlov Alexander Dmitrievich , senior lieutenant, commanding officer of the 1st aviation squadron.

• Levshov P.V., Boltenkov D.E. Century in the ranks of the Navy: Aviation of the Russian Navy (1910-2010). - Special issue of the typhoon almanac No. 12. - SPb., 2012. - 768 p. - (Reference).