The dukes of Aquitaine ( fr. Duc d'Aquitaine ) ruled the duchy of Aquitaine , which basically coincided in territory with the historical region of Aquitaine , with suzerainty first of the kings of Franks , and later of the kings of France .
Content
- 1 Dukes and kings of Aquitaine under the Frankish kings
- 2 Kings of Aquitaine of the Carolingian Dynasty
- 3 Dukes of Aquitaine under the kings of France
- 4 Rulers of Aquitaine under Plantagenets
- 5 Dukes of Aquitaine from the Dynasties of Valois and the Bourbons
- 6 Titular Duke of Aquitaine
- 7 notes
- 8 Literature
- 9 References
Dukes and kings of Aquitaine under the Frankish kings
- Chramn ( 555 - 560 )
- Desiderius ( 583 - 587 )
- Bladast ( 583 - 587 )
- Gundovald ( 584 - 585 )
- Astrobald ( 587 - 589 )
- Sereus ( 589 - 592 )
- Haribert II ( 629 - 632 ), son of Hlotar II , king of Aquitaine with capital in Toulouse
- Chilperic ( 632 )
- Bodogisel ( Boggis, Bohggis, Bodogisel ) ( 632 - 660 )
- Felix ( 660 - 670 )
- Loop I ( 670 - 676 )
- Ed Great ( 688 - 735 ), possibly began to rule from 692 , 700 , or 715 , its origin is unknown
- Hunald I ( Hunald ) ( 735 - 748 ), the son of the previous one, abdicated and went to the monastery, perhaps later returned to power (see below)
- Weifer ( 748 - 767 ), son of the previous
- Hunald II ( 767 - 769 ), possibly Hunald I, who returned from the monastery, or another Hunald, fled to Loop II of Gascon and was extradited to Charlemagne
Kings of Aquitaine of the Carolingian Dynasty
After 778, Charlemagne no longer appointed the dukes of Aquitaine. In 781, he appointed his son Louis as vassal king of Aquitaine . After Louis, a number of representatives of the Carolingian dynasty ruled this region as kings, dependent on the Frankish empire.
- 781 - 817 : Louis I the Pious ( 778 - 840 ).
- 817 - 832 , 834 - 838 : Pepin I ( 797 - 838 ), son of the previous one.
- 838 - 839 , 843 - 848 , 854 : Pepin II ( 823 - 864 ), the son of the previous one, was restored in 855 and until his death in 864 he fought with the candidate from Karl Lysy .
- 832 - 834 , 839 - 843 , 848 - 852 : Charles I the Bald ( 823 - 877 ), son of Louis I
- 852 - 855 : Louis II Young ( 835 - 882 ), son of Louis of Germany and nephew of Karl Lysy.
- 855 - 863 , 865 - 866 : Charles II Child ( 847 - 866 ), son of Karl Lysy .
- 867 - 879 : Louis III Zaika ( 846 - 879 ), son of Karl Lysy, also King of France from 877
- 879 - 884 : Carloman ( 866 - 884 ), son of the previous one, also King of Burgundy
- Raul [1]
- 982 - 987 : Louis IV the Lazy ( 966 - 987 ).
After 882 , when Carloman succeeded his brother Louis III and became king of France , Aquitaine remained under the supreme authority of the kings of France.
Dukes of Aquitaine under the kings of France
The kings of the Franks of the Carolingian dynasty again began to appoint the dukes of Aquitaine in 852, then, after a short interval, in 887. Later, under the Plantagenets , the duchy became known as the β Hyenas β.
843 : Bego (d. 843 )
- Ramnulfides
- 852 - 866 : Ramnulf I , also Count de Poitiers .
Not the Duke in 866β887
- Guillemides
- 885 - 886 : Bernard Plantwell , son of Bernard Septimansky, Margrave of Aquitaine, also Count of Autun , Count of Rode , Count of Ormois , Count of Auvergne , Count of Toulouse , Count of Bourges , Marquis of Gothia , Count of Macon , Count of Lyon
- Ramnulfides
- 887 - 890 : Ramnulf II , son of Rannulf I, also count de Poitiers , proclaimed himself King of Aquitaine in 888 and was him until his death.
- 890 - 893 : Able Bastard (also Manzer ), the illegitimate son of Ramnulf, also Count de Poitiers and Auvergne .
- Guillemides
- 893 - 918 : Guillaume I the Pious , also Earl of Auvergne
- Bellonides
- 918 - 926 : Guillaume II Young , nephew of Guillaume I, also Earl of Auvergne .
- 926 - 927 : Akfred , brother of Guillaume II, also Earl of Auvergne .
- Ramnulfides
- 927 - 932 : Able Bastard (also Manzer ), second time.
- Raymundids
- 932 - 936 : Raimund I Pons , Marquis of Gothia
- 936 - 955 : Raimund II , Marquis of Gothia
- Capetings
- 955 - 956 : Hugo I the Great , Duke of France
- 956 - 962 : Hugo II Capet , also king of France
- Ramnulfides
- 962 - 963 : Guillaume III Patlatius , son of Ebly, also count de Poitiers and Auvergne . Count of the Duchy of Aquitaine with 959 .
- 963 - 995 : Guillaume IV Zheleznoruky , son of the previous one, also Count de Poitiers .
- 995 - 1030 : Guillaume V the Great , son of the previous one, also Count de Poitiers .
- 1030 - 1038 : Guillaume VI Tolstoy , 1st son of the previous one, also Count de Poitiers .
- 1038 - 1039 : Ed , 2nd son of Guillaume V, also Count de Poitiers and Duke of Gascony .
- 1039 - 1058 : Guillaume VII , 3rd son of Guillaume V, also Count de Poitiers .
- 1058 - 1086 : Guillaume VIII , 4th son of Guillaume V, also Count de Poitiers and Duke of Gascony .
- 1086 - 1127 : Guillaume IX Troubadour , son of the previous, also Count de Poitiers and Duke of Gascony .
- 1127 - 1137 : Saint X Guillaume , son of the previous one, also Count de Poitiers and Duke of Gascony .
- 1137 - 1204 : Alienora , the daughter of the previous one, also the Countess de Poitiers and the Duchess of Gascony, was successively the wife of the King of France Louis VII and the King of England Henry II .
- Her descendants from the last husband inherited her, since from the first she had only daughters.
- 1137 - 1152 : Louis I the Young , also king of France , was the Duke of Aquitaine as the husband of Eleanor .
- Plantagenets
- 1152 - 1172 : Henry I the Short Cloak , also king of England , was the Duke of Aquitaine as the husband of Eleanor .
- 1172 - 1199 : Richard I the Lionheart , also king of England , Duke of Aquitaine through his mother.
- 1196 - 1198 : Otto I , Count of Poitiers and Duke of Aquitaine [2] , also emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (Otton IV)
- 1199 - 1216 : John I Landless , also king of England , Duke of Aquitaine through his mother until 1204 .
- 1216 - 1272 : Henry II , also king of England .
- 1272 - 1306 : Edward I the Leggy , also Duke of Gascony from 1252 and King of England .
- 1306 - 1325 : Edward II , also king of England .
- 1325 - 1362 : Edward III , also king of England .
The rulers of Aquitaine under Plantagenets
In 1337, the King of France Philip VI demanded from Edward III , King of England and the Duke of Aquitaine, the return of the feudal possession of the Duchy of Aquitaine (Guyenne). Edward in response demanded for himself the crown of France according to the law of his origin - on the maternal side, he was the grandson of the King of France Philip IV the Beautiful . This conflict gave rise to the beginning of the Hundred Years War , during which the Plantagenets and Valois sought their dominance over Aquitaine.
In 1360, England and France signed the Treaty of Brittany , according to which Edward renounced the rights to the crown of France, but remained the Duke of Aquitaine. However, in 1369 the contract was violated and the war continued.
In 1362 , King Edward III, as the Duke (Lord) of Aquitaine, made his eldest son Edward, Prince of Wales, Prince of Aquitaine .
- 1362 - 1375 : Edward the Black Prince , 1st son of Edward III, also Prince of Wales .
- 1377 - 1390 : Richard II , son of the previous one, also king of England .
In 1390 , King Richard II appointed his uncle John Gaunt as Duke of Aquitaine , who transferred this title to his descendants.
- 1390 - 1399 : John II , 2nd son of Edward III, also Duke of Lancaster .
- 1399 - 1399 : Henry III , inherited the duchy from his father, becoming king of England, transferred the duchy to his son.
- 1399 - 1422 : Henry IV , son of the previous one, also king of England 1413 - 1422 .
Having become king of England, Henry continued to rule Aquitaine. He succeeded in obtaining the French crown for his descendants by concluding the Treaty of Troyes (1420). The son of Henry, Henry VI , was declared king of England and France in 1422, but gradually lost control of his possessions in France (finally by 1453 ).
Dukes of Aquitaine of the Valois and Bourbon Dynasties
The kings of France from the Valois dynasty , claiming dominance over Aquitaine, granted the title of dukes of Aquitaine to their eldest sons, Dauphines .
- 1345 - 1350 : John III the Good ( 1319 - 1364 ), son of Philip VI , in 1350 became king of France .
- 1392 - 1401 : Charles I ( 1392 - 1401 ), son of Charles VI , dauphin .
- 1401 - 1415 : Louis II ( 1401 - 1415 ), son of Charles VI , dauphin .
- 1407 : Louis III [3] ( 1372 - 1407 ), brother of Charles VI , Duke of Orleans .
- 1424 - 1441 : Margarita of Burgundy ( 1390 - 1441 ), the widow of the previous one.
After the conclusion of the Hundred Years War , Aquitaine returned to the possession of the French crown and became part of the domain of the kings of France. Only sometimes did the king give the duchy and title of the duke of Aquitaine to one of the representatives of his dynasty.
- 1469 - 1472 : Charles II ( 1446 - 1472 ), son of Charles VII .
- 1753 - 1754 : Xavier ( 1753 - 1754 ), 2nd son of Louis Ferdinand , Dauphin of France.
Titular Duke of Aquitaine
1972 - 2000 : Goncalvo de Bourbon ( 1937 - 2000 ), Prince of France, the youngest son of the candidate for the throne of France, Jacques Henri de Bourbon , "Duke of Anjou and Segovia." He was elevated to the dukes of Aquitaine by his father on September 21, 1972 .
Notes
- β It is assumed that Raul (c. 882 - after 898) was one of the sons of King Ed . It is mentioned only in later historical sources ( Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ).
- β Robert Favreau. Otto von Braunschweig und Aquitanien // Jochen Luckhardt, Franz Niehoff (Hrsg.) Heinrich der LΓΆwe und seine Zeit, Band 2. - MΓΌnchen: Essays, 1995 .-- P. 368-376.
- β James Hamilton Wylie, MA LXVIII Guienne // History of England under Henry the Fourth . - London, New York and Bombay: Longmans, Green and Co, 1896. - Vol. III. - P. 84. - 482 p.
Literature
- Charles Oman, The Dark Ages ( 476 - 918 ) . 1914 . Rivingtons, London.
- Eugene Perrois "The Hundred Years War" M. 2006
- Jean Favier "The Hundred Years War" St. Petersburg. 2015
- Herbert Huit "Born with a sword in his hand" M. 2010