Kievan culture - Eastern European archaeological culture , dating from II to V century BC. er Selected in the 40-50s. XX century Soviet archaeologist V. N. Danilenko .
| Kiev archaeological culture Early Iron Age | ||||
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| Geographical region | Northern Black Sea Region | |||
| Localization | Central Black Earth Region of Russia , steppe belt of Ukraine and Moldova | |||
| Dating | II century V n. er | |||
| Carriers | Slavs, Balts | |||
| Type of farm | agriculture | |||
| Researchers | V.N. Danilenko | |||
| Continuity | ||||
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Content
Description
Developed on the basis of zarubintsy culture . Settlements are unfortified settlements , represented mainly by semi-dumplings , which were heated by stone hearths. The construction of the walls is carcass or pole. Next to the houses were located cellars-pits. Pottery is stucco and more primitive than the previous Zarubinetsky. Such agricultural artifacts as iron sickles, grain grains and millstones testify to the agricultural occupation of the population. The presence of glass beads and bronze tweezers indicates a trade relationship with the Roman Empire . The high level of development of the craft is confirmed, in particular, by the materials of the Bryansk treasure (discovered in 2010), dating back to the 3rd century.
The vast majority of burials - pit. Usually, a few calcined bones and coal are found in the pit, that is, only a handful of ashes from the funeral pyre were placed in it. Part of the burials has a poor inventory. Ceramics, with the exception of a few well-known urns, fell into a pit in a fragmented form, which probably indicates that rituals of the type of treasure are performed with the breaking of dishes.
The area of Kiev culture was located to the north of the Chernyakhov culture area . According to modern data, the territory of Kiev culture reached the south of the Pskov region [1] . The most eastern monuments of Kiev culture were recently discovered in the Samara Volga region [2] . In the second half of the 5th century, the territory of Kiev culture underwent a Hun invasion.
Opinions on ethnicity
There is no consensus on the issue of the ethnicity of the carriers of Kiev culture. V.N. Danilenko, P.N. Tretyakov, V.D. Baran , R.V. Terpilovskiy and a number of other researchers attribute it to the Slavs [3] , suggesting that subsequent Slavic cultures of the early Middle Ages arise on the basis of Kiev: Penkovo and Kolochin .
V. V. Sedov and I. P. Rusanova consider it Baltsky [4] . At the same time, Sedov considers the Slavism of Kolochin culture as the result of interaction with Penkovo, and Kiev culture as a substrate for Penkovo and Kolochin cultures.
Notes
- ↑ A. Fourasyev. On the role of migration in the ethnogenesis of the early Slavs - p. 3.
- Д. D. Stashenkov. On the Early Date of Imenkov Culture An Archival Copy of August 26, 2014 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Kolovrat Yu. A. Early Slavic tribes Zmiivschiny. Kiev archaeological culture as a reflection of the early phase of the development of the Antes
- ↑ Sedov V.V. Slavs. Historical and archaeological research
Literature
- N. V. Lopatin , A. G. Furasev. Northern Frontiers of the Early Slavic World in the III — V centuries. n er . - M .: IA RAS, 2007. - 251 p. - (Early Slavic world. The archeology of the Slavs and their neighbors. Issue 8). - 800 copies - ISBN 978-5-94375-057-1 .
- Oblomsky A.M. The Dnieper forest-steppe Left Bank in the late Roman and Hunnic times (middle III - first half of the 5th century AD. ). - M .: Science, 2002. - 255 p. - (Early Slavic world. The archeology of the Slavs and their neighbors. Issue 5). - 500 copies - ISBN 5-02-008834-X .
- Monuments of Kiev culture in the forest-steppe zone of Russia (III - the beginning of the 5th century AD ) / Ed. ed. A. M. Oblomsky . - M .: IA RAS, 2007. - 316 p. - (Early Slavic world. The archeology of the Slavs and their neighbors. Issue 10). - 500 copies - ISBN 978-5-94375-062-5 .
- Terpilovskiy R.V. Slavs of the Dnieper region in the first half of the 1st millennium AD er = Slavs in Dnieper region AD / Pod red. Andrzeja Kokowskiego. - Lublin: Wydawnictwo UMCS, 2004. - 232 p. - (Monumenta Studia Gothica III). - ISBN 83-227-2341-5 .
- R. Terpilovskiy , N. Abashin. Kiev Monuments of Culture (a collection of archaeological sources) / Ed. ed. D.N. Kozak . - K .: Science. Dumka, 1992. - 221 p. - ISBN 5-12-002693-1 .