Tynatval, Galina

She was born in 1930 in the village of Whalen in the family of the bone cutter Vukvutagin , one of the founders and first artistic leaders of the Uelen bone-cutting workshop , and Enrekveket, who was engaged in housekeeping. At birth, received the name Enerytyttyne . In infancy he became seriously ill, and according to the Chukchi custom, the father gave the child a different name, Tyntval, to remove evil spirits after recovery. The Russian name Galina appeared during passporting ^{[1] [2]} .

From childhood, she showed an ability to draw, she loved to look at her father's sketches for sculptures of northern animals . The first lessons of the drawing received from her father ^[2] .

After graduating from the seven classes of the village school, in 1945 she came to work in the Uelensk bone-carving workshop . She studied the art of bone engraving with the master Vera Emkul . The master engravers Renvil and Onno had an impact on Tynatval, whose works were distinguished by a clear “graphic line, love for outline drawing without a coloration, the desire to realistically accurately convey images of people, animals, landscape” ^[3] . Favorite engraving artist was Vukvol ^{[4] [5]} .

Took part in regional, regional and regional exhibitions: regional in the village of Whalen , “Soviet Russia” (Moscow, 1970, 1975), “Chukchi-Eskimo carving and bone engraving” (Moscow, 1972), an exhibition of works by artists of the Urals, Siberia and Far East ( Moscow , 1972), “By native country” (Moscow, 1972, 1976), “Soviet Far East” ( Vladivostok , 1967, 1974; Ulan-Ude , 1969) and exhibitions of works of folk art abroad ^[6] .

Member of the Union of Artists of the USSR ^[6] .

She worked in the Uele bone-cutting workshop until the 1990s ^{[7] [8]} .

She died in 2007 ^[9] .

The works of Galina Tynatval represent narrative compositions made by color engraving on a walrus tusk . Plots of engravings are diverse - the life of the sea and tundra , national folklore , the Chukchi and Eskimo folk tales , the life of the modern artist of Chukotka ^[11] .

Art critics call the characteristic features of Tynatval's creativity lyricism, emotionality, smooth contour, storytelling by coloristic means, a selection of muted, soft tones ^{[12] [4]} :

Gentle, lyrical tones distinguish the works of Galina Tynatval. <...> Her works are characterized by soft colors - blue, yellow, orange tones. Tynatval's drawing differs in a smooth contour. The emotional, lyrical fullness of the portrayed is typical for the work of this master. The color solution helps the author to reveal the content of his works, to fill them with a certain mood ^[12] .

Reliability, realism of the image and attention of the master to the details stand out as a feature of the artist's creative style ^[4] .

In addition to engraving on the bone, Tynatval was engaged in artistic embroidery from reindeer's neck hair , and fur and skin mosaic , application, created decorative and applied products - bags, glasses, etc. ^{[4] [13]}

• Merited Artist of the RSFSR ^{[2] [7] [8]}
• State Prize of the RSFSR named after I. Ye. Repin - “for the creation of highly artistic works of folk art made of bone” (1976) ^{[6] [2] [7] [14] [8]}

Galina Tynatval's works are in the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the Institute of Ethnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg), the Russian Museum of Ethnography , the All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied and Folk Art (Moscow), the Magadan Regional Museum of Local History, the Museum of Chukotka's Heritage ( Anadyr ), Sergiev -Posadsky State Historical and Art Museum-Reserve , Exhibition Directorate of the Art Fund of the Russian Federation, the Uelen bone-carving workshop museum, etc. ^{[6] [15] [7] [8]}

• Tynatval Galina // Northern Encyclopedia = [Practical Dictionary of Siberia and North] / comp. E. R. Akbalyan . - [In Russian. and eng. lang.] - M .: Paulsen: European editions, 2004. - p. 977. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-98797-001-6 .
• Mitlyanskaya, TB, The Hunter's Look, the Artist's Sensitivity: The Chukchi-Eskimo Art of Bone Processing // Rainbow in the Snow: Culture, Traditional and Contemporary Art of the Peoples of the Soviet Far North: Collection. - M .: They say. Guard, 1972.
• Mitlyanskaya TB artists of Chukotka / T. B. Mitlyanskaya. - M .: Fig. art, 1976. - 208 p. - 16 000 copies
• Mitlyanskaya Т. B. Galina Tynatval // New life of ancient legends of Chukotka: On the works of Vera Emkul, Galina Tynatval, Elena Yanku, Vasily Emrykaina, Mai Gemauga / Т. B. Mitlyanskaya, I. L. Karakhan. - Magadan: Magadan Book Publishing House, 1987. - 196 p.
• Ervais V. G. Uelenskie sorceresses // Women of Chukotka / Vladimir Ervais. - Magadan: Magadan Book Publishing House, 1983. - 216 p. - 10 000 copies
• The history of Chukotka from ancient times to the present day / at hand. and total scientific ed. N. N. Dikova . - M .: Thought, 1989. - 492 p. - ISBN 5-244-00275-9 .
• Bronstein M. M., Karakhan I. L., Shirokov Yu. A. Carved bone of Uelen. Folk art of Chukotka = [Bone carving in Uelen. The folk art of Chukchi Peninsula] / [in Russian. and eng. lang ; M. M. Bronstein, I. L. Karakhan, Yu. A. Shirokov; Department of Culture, Youth, Sports and Information. Chukot politicians. auth. District, State. Museum of Oriental Art]. - M .: Svyatigor, 2002. - 99 p. - 5000 copies - ISBN 5-93189-004-1 .