Content
The release wave - movement along the river channel of a significant mass of water released from the reservoir by opening the spillway of the hydraulic system or due to serious damage to the water structures ( dams , dams, etc.) [1] .
From the point of view of hydraulics, the release wave is one of the forms of unsteady fluid motion, a necessary symptom of which is first a rapid increase in the flow of water at the discharge point, and then the same rapid decrease. As an example , the release waves are often considered flood phenomena [2] . As a rule, the release wave can be characterized by its height at the moment of the highest ascent and the width of the flooded area [1] .
Military value
From the point of view of Western military experts, the release wave is of considerable interest as a means of deterring the advancement of the advancing enemy orders [3] . Due to the high altitude (up to several tens of meters) and speed (up to 10 m / s), the release wave can have a huge destructive effect at distances of hundreds of kilometers [3] . In case of strong erosion or destruction of hydraulic structures made of unrelated materials (earth dams), the release wave may have some similarity with natural mudflow flows ( mudflow ) [4] .
For these reasons, it can significantly change the operational situation in the area of hostilities due to the sharp complication of the transfer of troops from shore to shore, the demolition of bridges and coastal transport infrastructure, the reorganization of the riverbed and the creation of a significant amount of sediment [1] [4] . It is also worth noting that even after the discharge of water, flooded areas may remain impassable for combat and transport equipment for a long time [1] [4] .
For example, during the Second World War, on May 17, 1943, during the operation of Chastise, British aviation struck the Mönne hydroelectric station east of Dortmund , which led to the discharge of more than 122 million cubic meters of water into the river. The result was a release wave about 10 meters high, which destroyed many settlements, creating a flood zone about 200 km long and up to 2 km wide [1] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Wave Release // Soviet Military Encyclopedia. - Moscow: Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the Union of the USSR, 1978. - T. 2. - p. 336. - 639 p.
- ↑ Agroskin I.I., Dmitriev G.T., Pikalov F.I. Chapter 22. Unsteady motion in open channels // Hydraulics / Edited by Agroskin I. And. - 4th edition. - Moscow, Leningrad: Energy, 1964. - p. 205. - 16 000 copies.
- ↑ 1 2 Samoilov R. Strengthening of water barriers (Rus.) // Foreign Military Review: magazine. - 1975. - May ( No. 05 ). - pp . 92-99 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Loza D. F. Chapter 3. Making a march // March and a head-on fight. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1968. - p. 101-102. - 208 s. - 15 000 copies
Further reading
- Grushevsky M. S. Waves of floods and floods in rivers . - Leningrad: Hydrometeorological Publishing House, 1969. - 1150 copies.