The history of postal service and postage stamps of French Polynesia describes the development of postal service in French Polynesia , which is a group of islands in the center of the South Pacific Ocean with the administrative center in Papeet , formerly known as French Oceania , or French possessions in Oceania [1] [2] [ 3] [4] , which is now the overseas community of France . Own postage stamps have been issued by French Oceania since 1892 [1] [3] and on behalf of French Polynesia since 1958 [2] . The modern postal operator here is fr. [5] .
 French polynesia | |
|---|---|
| conceals. Pōrīnetia farāni , fr. Polynésie française | |
 Postage stamp French Property in Oceania (1924) | |
| Stages of History | postal systems of the colonial administration and the overseas community of France |
| Post Administration | |
 French possessions in Oceania ( Franz. Oceania ) | 1 French franc = 100 centimes |
| French polynesia | 1 Pacific franc = 100 centimes |
| Post office | Pôle Services Postaux, 8 rue de la reine Pomare IV, 98714 Papeete, Tahiti |
| Mail site | opt.pf |
| First postage stamps | |
| Standard | 1892 (French Oceania), November 1958 (French Polynesia) |
| Commemorative | 1931 (French Oceania), 1958 (French Polynesia) |
| Semi-mail | 1915 (French Oceania) |
| Surcharge | 1926 (French Oceania), 1958 (French Polynesia) |
| Office | 1977 (French Polynesia) |
| Airmail | 1958 (French Polynesia) |
| Post block | 1937 (French Oceania), 1968 (French Polynesia) |
| Philately | |
| amount marks per year | an average of about 30 (since 2002) |
| Latest issue | 1956 (French. Oceania) |
| WNS Member | since 2002 |
| FIP member from country | not involved |
Content
Mail Development
The history of mail in the Pacific islands of the Society (Tahiti), as well as Tuamotu, Tubuai, the Marquesas and Gambier [1] [3] was originally associated with the early attempts to colonize them by the Spaniards and the British during the second half of the 18th – early 19th centuries. In the 1830s, the French appeared here and from 1843 they began to establish their protectorate over the islands. During the years 1880-1903 [4] this group of islands was united into a colony of French possessions in Oceania, or French Oceania [1] [3] [4] .
Letters from Tahiti , the largest of the islands of the Society, which was a French colony in 1880–1892 and was in 1892–1915 as a county in French Oceania [3] [4] [6] , have been known since the mid-19th century. Correspondence was usually delivered privately to the nearest major port in Australia or South America [4] .
Postage stamps first began to be used on Tahiti postal services on October 25, 1862, and for this purpose common stamps of the French colonies were used .
In 1870-1875, local Tahitian authorities established at their own expense a regular postal service, first with the help of sailing ships, and later by steamers to transport correspondence from Tahiti through San Francisco to France [4] .
In 1915, there were 14 post offices in the island colony: two each in Tahiti, Papeete and Taravao, and the rest on other islands [4] .
The French ships of the Messageries Maritimes shipping company did not visit Tahiti until 1923, when a new line from New Caledonia to Marseille was established with a call to New Hebrides, French Oceania and Panama. The first such ship went on a voyage from the capital of New Caledonia, Noumea, on August 15, 1923, and arrived in Marseille on October 27 [4] .
In 1928, the government established regular mail between the islands [4] .
In 1958, the colony of French Oceania was transformed into French Polynesia [1] [2] [4] , which received the status of the overseas territory of France [3] [4] , which entailed a corresponding change in the postal administration.
As the overseas community of France, a country that is a member of the Universal Postal Union (UPU), French Polynesia falls under the jurisdiction of the UPU on the basis of the Charter of this international postal organization, namely, Article 23 “Application of Union Acts to territories whose international relations are ensured by a member country.” In modern conditions, mail service on the islands is provided by the Office of Post and Telecommunications of French Polynesia ( Office des postes et télécommunications de Polynésie française , abbreviated OPT ) [5] .
Stamp Issues
French Oceania
First Marks
The first postal issue for the French possessions in Oceania was the colonial type stamps “ ” with the name of the colony, published in 1892 [1] .
Subsequent Issues
Since 1913, stamps of original drawings began to appear. In 1931, the first commemorative stamps appeared, and in 1937, the first postal block. The last stamp of the colonial postal administration came into circulation in 1956 [1] .
French Polynesia
Having received a new status and having changed its name, French Polynesia began issuing its own brands in November 1958 [2] [4] . In the same year, the first commemorative stamps were published. All emerging brands have original drawings, mainly on the local theme [2] .
In total, during the first 70 years, from 1892 to 1963, in the Pacific Islands belonging to France, 268 postage stamps and one block were in circulation. The following inscriptions appeared on the original stamps: {{lang-fr2 | "République Française", "RF" ("French Republic"); “Colonies. Postes " (" Colonies. Mail "); Etablissements Français de l'Océanie (French possessions in Oceania); "Postes française" ("French Post"); “France Libre” (“Free France”); Océanie (Oceania); "E ts Française de l'Océanie" ("French possessions in Oceania"); "Polynesie Française" ("French Polynesia"). On stamps there is also an overprint: “France Libre” (“Free France”) [3] .
In 1968, the first postal block of French Polynesia was prepared. In 1978, a series of stamps and a memorial block were timed to coincide with the 20th anniversary of the release of their own stamps [2] .
Other Stamps
Postal Charities
In 1915, postal-charitable stamps of French Oceania were issued [1] .
Paid
In 1926, surcharge stamps of French Oceania [1] were issued, and in 1958, surcharge stamps of French Polynesia [2] .
According to the information of L. L. Lepeshinsky [3] , by 1963 a total of 30 surcharge stamps were issued in French Oceania and French Polynesia. On them there were inscriptions: “Chiffre-taxe” (“Surcharge”); “Chiffre-taxe à percevoir” (“Amount to be paid”).
Airmail
Airmail stamps of French Polynesia began to be in circulation since 1958 [2] .
Service
Service stamps appeared in French Polynesia in 1977 [2] .
Tahiti Editions
In 1882-1893, Tahiti used its own stamps, both postage and surcharge, which were overprints on stamps from universal issues of the French colonies [3] [6] in the form of the name of the island: “Tahiti” (“Tahiti”) [3 ] [4] .
So, in 1882, the shortage of postage stamps with a face value of 25 centimes led to the appearance of an overprint of a new denomination on postage stamps of less popular denominations. Some overprints also included the name TAHITI (Tahiti) [3] [6] . The same story was repeated in 1884 with stamps of 5 and 10 centimes.
- Postage stamps of French colonies with overprints for use in Tahiti
Pure, from the series , 25 centimes, 1882 ( Mi # 1I; Yt # 3)
Net, from the Trade series (type ), 20 centimes, 1893 ( Mi # 12; Yt # 13)
The same, canceled , dated February 23, 1894 on the Papeete postmark
In 1893, two types of overprints were made on the remaining stocks of ordinary and surcharge stamps of the French colonies: one type was a diagonal overprint of the word “TAHITI” (“Tahiti”), and the other a horizontal overprint of the text “1893 / TAHITI” (“1893 / Tahiti "). Some denominations of postage stamps remained very small for the production of overprints, and genuine overprints are quite rare, the rarest of which is a horizontal overprint on a yellow stamp with a face value of 25 centimes, now estimated at about 20 thousand US dollars.
Subsequently, during the period 1893-1958, only stamps of French Oceania [4] [6] were in postal circulation, and since 1958 - of French Polynesia [6] . In 1903, there was a shortage of postage stamps with a face value of 10 centimeters, and on three facets were overprinted “TAHITI / 10 / CENTIMES” (“Tahiti / 10 / centimes”) or “... centimes” (“... centimes”) [4] .
In 1915, the red cross and the word “TAHITI” (Tahiti) were also printed on the postal-charitable stamps of French Oceania [4] .
According to L. L. Lepeshinsky [3] , from 1880 to 1915, 35 postage stamps and 28 additional stamps were issued for Tahiti.
See also
- History of post and postage stamps of the colonies of France
- History of French Polynesia
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 French Oceania // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 285. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 French Polynesia // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [ and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 285. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 French Polynesia // Philatelic geography (foreign countries): Reference book / L. L. Lepeshinsky. - M .: Communication, 1967. - S. 449. - 480 p. (Retrieved November 10, 2017) Archived copy . Date of treatment July 4, 2016. Archived November 10, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Rossiter S. , Fowler J., Wellsted R. French Polynesia . Stamp Collecting Resources: Stamp Atlas . Knutsford , UK : Sandafayre Stamp Auctions; Sandafayre (Holdings) Ltd. - French polynesia. Date of treatment November 10, 2017. Archived November 10, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 French Polynesia (including Clipperton Island ) . The UPU : Member countries: Western Europe: France: Territories coming within the Union's jurisdiction by virtue of article 23 of the Constitution . Universal Postal Union . - French Polynesia (including Clipperton Island). Date of treatment November 6, 2017. Archived November 6, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Tahiti // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [ and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S.?. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 .
Literature
- Rossiter S., Fowler J. The Stamp Atlas: A Unique Assembly of Geography, Social and Political History, and Postal Information. - 1st edn. - L. , Sydney : Macdonald, 1986. - 336 p. - ISBN 0-356-10862-7 . (eng.)
- Stanley Gibbons Limited : various Stanley Gibbons catalogs. (eng.)