Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca

Conquistador Hernan Cortes , conqueror of the Aztec empire in Mexico, 1st Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca (1485–1547)

After the fall of Tenochtitlan and the seizure of the last Aztec emperor of Kuaumotemok , on August 13, 1521, the Aztec empire disappeared, becoming part of the Spanish monarchy. The successful conquest of the Aztec empire contributed to the elevation of the status of Hernan Cortes. On October 15, 1522, he was appointed governor and captain-general of New Spain. Hernan Cortes personally ruled the newly conquered lands in Mexico until 1524 , when he went to Honduras , to campaign against the rebellious conquistador Cristobal de Olides , who declared his independence from Spain and claimed that he conquered Honduras to him.

Upon his return to Mexico in 1526, Cortez discovered that his enemies: the Bishop of Fonseca, President of the Council of India and Diego Velasquez de Cuellar, Governor of Cuba, persuaded the king to launch a judicial investigation against him. Luis Ponce de Leon dismissed Cortes from the governorship on July 16, 1526, and assumed the leadership of New Spain. Ponce de Leon died shortly after his arrival in Mexico, his successor was Marcos de Aguillard, who also died shortly after taking office. Hernan Cortes was accused by his opponents of poisoning both successors, he decided to return to Spain to seek justice from the king.

In 1528, Cortez arrived in Spain, where he appeared with great magnificence before the court of Charles V , responding directly to the accusations of his enemies. Hernan Cortes received royal pardon, he was granted the title of Marquis of Oaxaca ( July 6, 1529 ). He also became a holder of the Order of Santiago and the honorary title of captain General of New Spain and the coast of the South Sea, but was not reinstated as governor of New Spain as he wanted. In the same year of 1529, Cortes married a Spanish noblewoman, Donna Juane de Zuniga, from a marriage with whom he had four children, including his only legitimate son, Don Martin Cortes and Zuniga (1532–1589), who inherited the title of Marquis after the death of his father in 1547 .

On July 27, 1529, Hernán Cortes received a new royal edict with the permission to create a hereditary marquis in New Spain. Mayorat was officially established on January 9, 1535, only the male descendants of Cortez could inherit it. The land of Cortes in total amounted to about 7 000 000 hectares, being geographically divided into 7 parts. He received huge possessions in the valley of Mexico City, including Coyoacan, as well as several neighborhoods in Mexico City.

In 1562, Don Martin Cortes, 2nd Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca, with his brothers arrived from Spain in Mexico, where he came into conflict with the viceroy, Luis de Velasco, who was removed from power and died in 1564 . Martin Cortez claimed the position of captain-general of New Spain. In July 1566, Martin, along with his two half-brothers, Louis and Martin, were arrested, his property was confiscated, and he was sent to Spain. In 1574, Martin Cortes received a royal pardon, he was returned to part of the sequestered land in Mexico. However, he did not receive permission to return to New Spain and had to pay a fine of 50,000 ducats and return to the crown more than 100,000 ducats. He died in Madrid in 1589 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Don Hernando Cortes, 3rd Marquise of the Oaxacan Valley (1560-1602), who, with the assistance of Diego Fernandez de Cabreb, 3rd Earl of Chinchon, a close adviser to the king, 1593 to achieve the return of the rest of the confiscated property to him. The 3rd Marquis did not leave legitimate children, so the title after his death passed to his younger brother, Don Pedro Cortes, the 4th Marquise of the Oaxaca Valley (1566-1629). He received permission to settle in Mexico, where he took under his direct control extensive patrimonial possessions.

The 4th Marquis also died without leaving children, so the Marquis was inherited by his niece, Dona Estefania Carrillo de Mendoza and Cortes (1595-1653), the wife of the Sicilian Duke Terranova. Dona Estefania was the eldest daughter of Dona Juana Cortes, Countess de Priego (d. 1612 ), sister of the 3rd and 4th Marquise. After inheriting the title, the family adopted the name " Aragon Tagliavia Cortes ", although it is usually referred to as " Tagliavia d'Aragona ". Estefania had one daughter, Giovanna Tagliavia d'Aragona, 5th Duchess de Terranova and 6th Marquise del Valle de Oaxaca (1619-1662), one of the richest heirs of her time. She married Ettore Piniatelli, the 5th Duke of Monteleone. After marriage, the bridegroom adopted the name "Aragon Pinyatelli Cortes" for himself and his descendants, who were known as " Pignatelli d'Aragon ".

• 1529–1547: Don Hernan Cortes, 1st Marquise of the Oaxaca Valley (1485–2 December 1547), son of Martin Cortes de Monroy (1449–1528)
• 1547–1589: Don Martin Cortes, 2nd Marquess of the Oaxaca Valley (1547–1589), eldest son of a previous marriage with Juana Ramírez de Orellano and Zúñiga (d. 1578)
• 1589-1602: Don Hernando Cortes, 3rd Marquise of the Oaxaca Valley (1589-1602), eldest son of the previous one and Ana de Orellano (d. 1578)
• 1602-1629: Don Pedro Cortes, 4th Marquis of the Oaxaca Valley (1602-1629), second son of the 2nd Marquis and younger brother of the previous one
• 1629-1653: Dona Estefania Carrillo de Mendoza and Cortes, Duchess of Terranova, 5th Marquise of the Oaxaca Valley (1635-1653), eldest daughter of Juana de Cortes , eldest daughter of the 2nd Marquis, and Pedro Carillo de Mendoza, 9th Earl de Priego (ca. 1550—1619). Husband from 1617 Diego de Aragon, 4th Duke of Terranova (c. 1590-1654)
• 1653-1692: Giovanna Tagliavia d'Aragona, Duchess of Monteleone, 6th Marquise of the Oaxaca Valley (September 12, 1619 - May 7, 1692), the only daughter of the previous one. Husband from 1639 to Ettore Pinyatelli, 5th Duke of Monteleone, 4th Prince de Noy (1620—1674)
• 1692-1723: Giovanna Piniatelli d'Aragon, 8th Duchess of Monteleone, 7th Marquise of the Oaxacan Valley (November 6, 1666 - June 22, 1723), eldest daughter of Andrea Fabrizio Pignatelli d'Aragon, 7th Duke de Monteleon (1640— 1677), the eldest son of the previous one, and Antonia Pimentel and Benavides (1646-1707). Her husband is Nicola Pinyatelli (1648-1730).
• 1723-1750: Diego Pinatelli d'Aragon, 9th Duke of Monteleone, 8th Marquess of the Oaxaca Valley (January 21, 1687 - November 28, 1750), the eldest son of the previous one.
• 1750-1763: Fabrizio Piniatelli d'Aragon, 10th Duke of Monteleone, 9th Marquis of the Oaxacan Valley (February 24, 1718 - September 28, 1763), eldest son of the previous and Margarita Pignatelli (1698-1774)
• 1763–1800: Ettore Piniatelli d'Aragon, 11th Duke of Monteleone, 10th Marquis of the Oaxacan Valley (September 8, 1742 - February 27, 1800), eldest son of the previous and Constanza de Medici (1717-1799)
• 1800-1818: Diego Pinatelli D'Aragon, 12th Duke of Monteleone, 11th Marquess of the Oaxaca Valley (January 12, 1774 - January 14, 1818), eldest son of the previous and Anna Maria Picolomoni d'Aragon, 6th Princess di Valle (1748 —1812)
• 1818-1859: Giuseppe Piniatelli d'Aragon, 13th Duke of Monteleone, 12th Marquis of the Oaxacan Valley (November 10, 1795 - September 25, 1859), second son of the previous one and Maria Carmela Caracciolo (1773-1832)
• 1859-1916 - title was pending.
• 1916–1938: Giuseppe Piniatelli d'Aragon, 16th Duke of Monteleone, 13th Marquess of the Oaxacan Valley (August 28, 1860 - March 8, 1938), eldest son of Antonio Pignatelli d'Aragon, 15th Duke of Monteleone (1827-1811), and Marianne Fardella (1829–1893), grandson of the 12th Marquis of Oaxaca Valley
• 1938-1984 - title pending.
• 1984-2001: Jorge de Llanz and Albert de Bobadilla, 14th Marquess of the Oaxaca Valley (January 18, 1921 - May 4, 2001), third son of Louis Gonzaga de Llanz, 11th Duke Solferino (1884-1970), and Maria de los Dolores Albert de Peralta and Despoucheol de Sennilos (born 1891), a descendant of Prince Antonio Pignatelli d'Aragon (1700-1746), the third son of the 7th Marquise of Oaxaca Valley
• 2001 - Present: Alvaro de Llanza and Figueroa, 15th Marquis of the Oaxaca Valley (born January 26, 1960), the only son of the previous one and Mercedes de Figueroa and Castillejo
  • Title heiress: Donja Claudia de Llanza and Lopez-Quesada (born October 16, 1990), the eldest daughter of the previous one and Isabel Lopez-Casada Sanchis (born 1962).

• 1938-1958: Antonio Piniatelli d'Aragon, 17th Duke of Monteleone, "14th Marquess of the Oaxacan Valley" (December 12, 1892 - December 3, 1958), eldest son of Giuseppe Pignatelli d'Aragon, 16th Duke of Monteleone and 13th of the Marquis of the Oaxaca Valley (1860–1938), and Rosa de la Ghandar and Plazaola (1869–1946)
• 1958–1989: Giuseppe Piniatelli d'Aragon, 18th Duke of Monteleone, “15th Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca” (October 9, 1931–1989), the only son of the previous one and Beatrice Moligno (born 1906)
• 1989 - Present: Niccolo Piniatelli d'Aragon, 19th Duke of Monteleone, "The 16th Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca" (born May 22, 1923), the second son of Prince Fabrizio Pignatelli d'Aragon (1897-1953) and Maria Christina Rignon (1899-1983), grandson of Prince Federico Pignatelli d'Aragon (1864-1947), younger third brother of the 13th Marquise of the Oaxacan Valley
  • Titular heir: Prince Diego Pinyatelli d'Aragon (born May 21, 1958), the only son of the previous one from his first marriage with Lucian Mulgery (1935–2008).

• Barret, Ward J. (1970). The sugar hacienda of the Marqueses del Valle. University of Minnes. ISBN 978-0-8166-6142-8 .
• Díaz del Castillo, Bernal. The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico: 1517–1521 ISBN 0-306-81319-X
• García Martínez, Bernardo. El Marquesado del Valle: Tres Siglos de régimen señorial en Nueva España. Mexico City: El Colegio de México 1969.
• Gutiérrez Brockington, Lolita (1989). The Leverage of Labor: Managing the Cortés Haciendas in Tehuantepec, 1588–1688. Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-0884-3 .
• León García, María del Carmen (2002). Alimentary distinction in Toluca, the Delicious Valley and the Shortage Times. Miguel Ángel Porrúa. ISBN 970-701-219-6 .

• Marqueses de valle de oaxaca
• Biblioteca digital de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (ed.). Descendencia de Hernán Cortés .
• Biblioteca digital de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (ed.). Marqueses del Valle de Oaxaca .