Acromyrmex subterraneus (lat.) - a species of leaf ant ants from the tribe of the fungi of the Attini subfamily Myrmicinae ( Formicidae ).
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Acromyrmex subterraneus (Forel, 1893) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Description
Neotropics : Argentina , Bolivia , Brazil , Paraguay . The length of the soldiers is up to 8.3 mm, the main body color is light brown (sometimes yellowish). Long sharp spikes are developed on the chest, including long and forward anterolateral sharp humeral spines of the pronotum, as well as mid-lateral and posterior mesonotal spines of approximately equal length. The ventral tubercles are located in 4 rows. They are of economic importance due to their densely populated anthills, they can harm cultivated plants by cutting off their leaves [1] . Characterized by their close symbiosis with mushrooms grown in earthen anthills based on leaf chewed mass. In 2007, a social parasite Acromyrmex ameliae was discovered in the nests [2] , and in 2013 a larval parasitoid of the genus Szelenyiopria from the family of chalcinoid riders Diapriidae was described [3] . The diploid set of chromosomes is 2n = 38 [4] .
Classification
The species was first described in 1893 by the Swiss worldmecologist Auguste Trout using materials from Brazil. It is similar to the species Acromyrmex rugosus (it also has 4 rows of abdominal tubercles and pronotal spines with straight tips), Acromyrmex crassispinus and Acromyrmex hispidus (in the latter two species, the abdominal tubercles are disordered, and the pronotal spines are curved back). It differs from Acromyrmex rugosus in approximately equal size breast spines (in A. rugosus, the mesothoracic mesothoracic spines with a wide base and larger than other pectoral spines). Subspecies forms differ in color [1] [5] .
See also
- List of Ant Births
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Gonsalves CR 1961 . O Género Acromyrmex no Brasil (Hym. Formicidae). Stud.entomol. 4 (1-4): 113-180 (p.163-167)
- ↑ De Souza, DJ, IMF Soares and TMC Della Lucia. 2007. Acromyrmex ameliae sp. n (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): A new social parasite of leaf-cutting ants in Brazil. Insect Science. 14: 251-257.
- ↑ Loiacono, M., Margaria, C., Moreira, DDO & Aquino, D. 2013. A new species of Szelenyiopria Fabritius (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae), larval parasitoid of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 3646, 228-234.
- ↑ Lorite P. & Palomeque T. Karyotype evolution in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a review of the known ant chromosome numbers. - Myrmecologische Nachrichten (Wien). - 2010. Volume 13, Pages 89-102. (Retrieved July 3, 2016)
- ↑ Forel, A. 1893. Note sur les Attini. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 37: 586-607 (page 593)
Literature
- B. Bolton, A new general catalog of the ants of the world , Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995.
- Mattoso, TC, Moreira, DDO & Samuels, RI (2012). Symbiotic bacteria on the cuticle of the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus protect workers from attack by entomopathogenic fungi . Biology Letters, 8, 461-464.
- Moreira DDO, Viana-Bailez AM, Erthal M. Jr., Bailez O., Carrera MP, Samuels RI (2010). Resource allocation among worker castes of the leaf-cutting ants Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus through trophallaxis . Journal of Insect Physiology. 56, 1665-1670. doi: 10.1016 / j.jinsphys.2010.06.01.01
- Pikart, TG, PG Lemes, WC d. C. Morais, JC Zanuncio, and TMC Della Lucia. (2015). Recognition and Aggression of conspecific and heterospecific worker in Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology. 62: 28-33. doi: sociobiology.v62i1.28-33 10.13102 sociobiology.v62i1.28-33