Ust-Borovsk Salt Plant is a former salt plant located in the city of Solikamsk, Perm Territory . It was built in the last quarter of the XIX century and was a complex of wooden industrial structures that served all stages of salt production. In 1986, a unique salt history museum was opened on the territory of the plant, which is a branch of the Solikamsk Museum of Local Lore [1]
| Ust-Borovsk salt factory | |
|---|---|
 Voskresenskaya brine tower | |
| Established | 1986 year |
| Location | |
| Address | Solikamsk |
| Site | muzeisolik.ru |
 | Object of cultural heritage, Object No. 5910048000 |
History
Solikamsk arose in the salt industry and quickly turned into one of the largest salt production centers in the country. Most of the salt wells and saltworks were located in the central part of the city, but by the second half of the 19th century the wells were exhausted and a new salt plant was built near Solikamsk in 1878-1882. It was built at the expense of the merchant Alexander Vasilievich Ryazantsev in the small village of Borovsk (now Solikamsk district), located north of Solikamsk, on the left bank of the Kama . Interestingly, despite a number of innovations, the production technology almost completely repeated the old process, known since the 15th century. All industrial buildings were made of wood and included brine-raising towers, salt chests, winders and barns. In 1882, the first salt was digested, and by the beginning of the 20th century, a plant with almost two hundred workers became the largest industrial enterprise in the Kama region .
Until 1917, the plant was owned by several members of the Ryazantsev family, later it continued its work, having gone through several modernizations, including replacing steam traction with electric one and using coal instead of wood fuel. By 1970, the enterprise became completely unprofitable and on January 1, 1972, the Ust-Borovsk salt factory was closed. After a long period of uncertainty, during which part of the factory facilities was lost, in October 1986, the salt history museum was officially opened on the territory of the former enterprise, recreating the old technological chain of salt production. In the 1990-2000s, the museum survived several fires, and restoration of part of its objects is ongoing.
Technology
In the plant area, brines rich in salts occur at a depth of more than 100 meters. For their pumping, brine-lifting towers with steam engines lifting brines through wooden brine-lifting pipes were used. In the old days, special containers with manual or horse drawn traction were used to raise the brine. By inclined troughs, the brines were delivered to the salt chests, from where, after settling, they fell into the winders - devices for evaporating water from brines. Ready salt was packed in bags and stored in barns located on the banks of the Kama River. In the shipping period, salt was sent down the Kama, the main destination of it was the Nizhny Novgorod Fair .
Museum Objects
On the territory of the museum to this day several historical buildings have been preserved, included in the register of objects of cultural heritage of Russia [1] [2] :
- Factory Office, 1884
- Hut on guard, the end of the XIX century
- Alexander salt casket, 1882
- Alexander salt casket, 1882
- Alexander Brine Lifting Tower, 1904
- Vasilyevskaya Saltworks, 1882
- Voskresenskaya brine lifting tower, 1928
- Ivanovo Saltworks, 1882
- Ivanovo salt casket, 1882
- St. George's Saltworks, 1882
Gallery
"Panorama of the factory".
N.V. Ponomarev"Bureau of the factory".
N.V. Ponomarev"Old Salt Plant".
N. V. Ponomarev [3]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Museum of Salt (Ust-Borovsk Salt Plant) . Date of treatment July 2, 2016.
- ↑ Ust-Borovsky Salt Plant (museum of the history of salt production) (Inaccessible link) . Date of treatment July 2, 2016. Archived on August 18, 2016.
- ↑ Solikamsk: Crystal City, 2006 , p. 103.
Literature
- Bankovsky L.V. Solikamsk: Crystal City: Beginning of Solikamsk Studies. / Reviewer Yu. S. Chirkov. - 2nd, ext., Spanish .. - Solikamsk : RIO GOU SPO “SGPI”, 2006. - 330 p. - ISBN 5-89469-042-0 .