Hydrological regime

Hydrological regime - regular changes in the hydrological elements of a water body over time, due to the physiographic and, above all, climatic conditions of the basin .

The hydrological regime includes perennial (years with increased or decreased water content), intra-annual or seasonal ( flood , low water , high water ) and daily fluctuations:

water level (level mode); water consumption (runoff mode); ice phenomena (ice mode); water temperature (thermal regime); the amount and composition of solid material that is carried by the stream (sediment regime); composition and concentration of dissolved chemicals (hydrochemical mode); changes in the river bed (the channel process mode).

Depending on the type of water body ( watercourse or reservoir ), the hydrological regime of rivers , lakes , reservoirs , hydrogeological regime, and swamp regime are distinguished.

Elements of the hydrological regime are called phenomena and processes that characterize the hydrological regime of a water body (for example, fluctuations in water level, water flow, water temperature, etc.).

The natural hydrological regime often changes significantly under the influence of human activities. Depending on the presence or absence of hydraulic structures emit a hydrological regime regulated and natural or domestic.

The hydrological regime has the greatest influence on reservoirs , through which daily, weekly, seasonal and annual flow regulation (for example, a cascade of reservoirs on the Dnieper ), as well as canals (for example, the Dnieper-Donbas canal , the Seversky Donets-Donbass canal , is exercised (depending on the project). , North-Crimean Canal ).