Kamasia kamash , or Kamassia edible ( lat. Camassia quamash ) is a bulbous herbaceous perennial plant , a species of the genus Kamassia ( Camassia ) of the subfamily Agave ( Agavoideae ).
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Content
Botanical description
Bulb spherical or shirokoyaytsevidnaya, 1-5 cm in diameter [2] [3] .
Squat leaves [ clarified ] , linear, lighter on the underside, 15–60 cm long and 0.4–2 cm wide [2] [3] .
Coniferous inflorescence , containing 15-25 flowers, sometimes up to 35. Pedicles 0.5-1.5 cm, sometimes up to 3 cm long. Bracts are usually equal to or longer than the pedicels. Flowers are usually zygomorphic, sometimes actinomorphic, blue-violet, blue or white up to 5 cm in diameter [4] [5] [2] [3] .
Fruit - oblong-ovate capsule 0.8-2.5 cm long, tightly pressed to the axis of the hand; in the nest there are five to ten seeds. Seeds are black, 0.2–0.4 cm long [2] .
The set of chromosomes 2n = 30 [3] .
Dissemination and ecology
It grows in mountain meadows taiga zone of western North America . The range of the species is from north to south: from the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta in Canada to the state of California in the USA , in the east the range reaches the states of Montana , Wyoming and Utah .
Economic value and application
Edible bulb [5] [2] [3] .
Systematics
Subspecies
Within a species, there are about 8 subspecies [6] [7] .
- Camassia quamash subsp. azurea ( A.Heller ) Gould - Washington State .
- Camassia quamash subsp. breviflora Gould - states of Washington, Oregon , California and Nevada .
- Camassia quamash subsp. intermedia Gould - Oregon.
- Camassia quamash subsp. linearis Gould - state of California.
- Camassia quamash subsp. maxima Gould - Washington, Oregon and British Columbia in Canada
- Camassia quamash subsp. quamash - the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho , Montana, Wyoming, and the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta.
- Camassia quamash subsp. utahensis Gould - Idaho, Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
- Camassia quamash subsp. walpolei ( Piper ) Gould - Oregon.
Synonyms
According to the information of The Plant List database (2013), the synonyms of the species include the following names [8]
- Anthericum esculentum ( Nutt. ) Spreng.
- Anthericum quamash ( Pursh ) Steud. , ( 1821
- Camassia esculenta ( Nutt. ) Lindl.
- Camassia leichtlinii var. watsonii MEJones
- Camassia quamash f. albiflora A.Henry
- Camassia quamash f. pallida H.St.John
- Camassia quamash subsp. quamash
- Camassia quamash var. quamash
- Camassia quamash f. quamash
- Camassia quamash subsp. teapeae ( H.St.John ) H.St.John
- Camassia teapeae H.St.John
- Cyanotris angustifolia raf .
- Phalangium esculentum nutt.
- Phalangium quamash pursh , ( 1813 )
- Quamasia esculenta ( Nutt. ) Raf.
- Quamasia quamash ( Pursh ) Coville , ( 1897 ) [9]
- Sitocodium esculentum ( Nutt. ) Salisb.
Kamash quamash is synonymous with Camassia esculenta ( Nutt. ) Lindl. , ( 1832 ) [10] [11] . But not a synonym for Camassia esculenta ( Ker Gawl. ) BLRob. , ( 1908 ) , which is synonymous with Camassia scilloides ( Raf. ) Cory - Kamassiya proleskovaya [12] .
Notes
- ↑ On the conditionality of specifying the class of monocotyledons as a higher taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the “APG Systems” section of the article “Monocotyledons” .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 EDSR .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 efloras .
- ↑ Artyushenko, 1963 .
- ↑ 1 2 Aksenov, 2000 .
- ↑ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- ↑ ITIS Standard Report Page: Camassia quamash
- ↑ Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene - The Plant List
- ↑ Tropicos | Name - Quamasia quamash (Pursh) Coville
- ↑ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- ↑ IPNI Plant Name Details
- ↑ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Literature
- Artyushenko Z.T. Bulbous and bulbous plants for open ground . - M. - L .: AS USSR, 1963. - p. 31. - 57 p.
- Aksyonov E.S., Aksyonova N.A. Ornamental plants (Herb plants). - 2nd. - M .: ABF, 2000. - T. 2. - p. 256-257. - 608 s. - (Encyclopedia of Russia).
Links
- Camassia quamash : taxon information in the Plantarium project (plant identifier and illustrated species atlas).
- Kamasia quamash on the site of flora of North America . The appeal date is June 17, 2016.
- Kamassia . Archived on April 3, 2016. on the site Encyclopedia of Ornamental Garden Plants.