Ado Birk (Avdiy Adovich Birk) ( est. Ado Birk , also there are transcriptions of Aadu Birk , Aado Birk ; in Epiphany rights. - Avdiy November 14, 1883 , Tarvastu parish - February 2, 1942 , Sosva ) - Estonian statesman, diplomat.
| Ado Birk | |||||||
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| Ado birk | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Jaan Tynisson | ||||||
| Successor | Jaan Tynisson | ||||||
| Birth | November 14, 1883 Livonia province , The Russian Empire is now Tarvastu , Viljandimaa , Estonia | ||||||
| Death | February 2, 1942 (58 years old) Sosva , Sverdlovsk region , RSFSR , USSR | ||||||
| The consignment | |||||||
| Education | |||||||
| Religion | Orthodoxy | ||||||
Content
Education
He graduated from Riga Theological College ( 1899 ), Riga Theological Seminary ( 1905 ), studied at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy , studied law at Yuryev (Tartu) ( 1907 - 1908 ) St. Petersburg (1908-1911) and Leipzig (1911) universities.
Lawyer
In 1911-1912 - head of the Revelation Statistics Bureau. In 1912-1917 - assistant to the sworn solicitor in Reval (then - Tallinn ), his head was sworn solicitor Ya. A. Temant . [1] Since 1913 - vowel of the Revelsk City Council.
Politician and Diplomat
He was one of the founders of the Estonian Peasant Union and the Estonian Radical Democratic Party, then a member of the Estonian People's Party. In 1917-1919 - member of the Estonian Zemstvo Council, in 1917 was his interim secretary. In 1918 he represented Estonia in Helsinki. In 1918-1919 - Chairman of the Estonian Zemstvo Council and the General Committee for the Constituent Assembly Elections. In 1919-1920 - Deputy Chairman of the Constituent Assembly. In November 1919 - July 1920, August - October 1920 - Minister of Foreign Affairs. July 28 - July 30, 1920 (for three days) was Prime Minister. Member of the Riigikogu (Parliament) of the first convocation. In 1922 - 1926 - Estonian Ambassador to Moscow .
Birgiada
Birk was in a conflict with Foreign Minister Ants Piip . In 1926 he was fired. The loud scandal that erupted in 1926-1927 around the Birka figure was called "birgiada." In July 1926, the Soviet newspaper Izvestia published two documents signed by Birk. One of them contained harsh criticism of the foreign policy of the Estonian government (including rapprochement with Poland , directed, according to him, against the USSR ) and a request for resignation. The second stated that due to some accusations made against him in Estonia, he was forced to extend his stay in the USSR as a private person.
In 1927, Birk unexpectedly appeared on a Norwegian mission in Moscow, where he sought asylum. It turned out that in June 1926 he was invited to the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs, where Loganovsky , an employee of this department, subjected him to blackmail (accusing him of illegal financial transactions) and demanded that he become a secret agent of the Soviet special services. Birk was able to escape, but was detained while trying to secretly leave for Finland . Under pressure, he was forced to sign two documents published in Izvestia. After that, Birk lived under the control of the OGPU in Voronezh and the Caucasus , and then returned to Moscow, where he was detained. During a walk he allowed on the Sparrow Hills, Birk took advantage of a guard's asthma attack and fled again - this time to the Norwegian mission.
In March 1927, Birk was allowed to leave for Estonia. In the same year, he appeared before the Supreme Court on charges of treason, but was acquitted. However, Birka’s political and diplomatic career ended.
Post-birgiad activities
Birk later worked as a lawyer and was engaged in business in Tallinn , from 1939 to 1940 he was the Secretary of the Synod of the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church in the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople .
Doom
June 14, 1941 was arrested by the NKVD and sent to the camp, where he was sentenced to death. Died before the execution of the sentence [2]
Notes
- ↑ From 1.06.1913, Ya. A. Temant became a sworn attorney in Reval. He had assistants: from 02.20.1913 - Avdey Adovich Birk, from 28.09.1913 - T. Ya. Calbus , from 13.12.1913 - M. Ya. Klasen . // List of jurors of the district of the St. Petersburg Court of Justice and their assistants by January 31, 1914, St. Petersburg, 1914. - S.148-149.
- ↑ Motrevich V.P. Killed in the Urals (The fate of the highest statesmen of the Republic of Estonia deported to the Sverdlovsk Region) // Archives of the Urals. - 1996. - No. 1. - S. 211.