Survival

First aid can help a person survive and function with injuries and illnesses that otherwise could kill or disable a person. Common and dangerous injuries (injuries, conditions), as well as diseases include:

• Bites of snakes, spiders and other wild animals.
• Infection from food, in contact with animals, from drinking or non-drinking water.
• Poisoning from ingestion or contact with poisonous plants or poisonous mushrooms .
• Bleeding .
• Wounds that may be infected .
• Bone fractures .
• Dislocations , especially of the ankle joint .
• Frostbite , burns .
• Hypothermia (hypothermia) and hyperthermia ( heat stroke ).
• Panic , psychosis .
• Heart attack , stroke .
• Depletion , dehydration .
• Headache .

The survivor often needs to use the contents of the first-aid kit or, having the necessary knowledge, natural medicinal plants, immobilize the injured limb, or even transport immobilized comrades.

The shelter can range from natural shelters, such as caves or fallen trees, to an intermediate form of man-made shelters, such as trash, a hut, a tree, a pit, shelter, or caves in the snow, to fully man-made structures such as tarpaulins , awnings, or wigwams.

Situations requiring survival can often be resolved by finding a way to a safe, or more suitable place to wait for salvation. Types of navigation include:

• Astronavigation is the use of the sun and the starry night sky to find the cardinal directions and maintain the direction of motion.
• Use a map , compass, or GPS receiver.
• Numbering coordinates .
• Natural navigation - the use of the state of surrounding natural objects (e.g., moss on a tree, snow on a hill, direction of flowing water, etc.).

The brain and its processes are critical to survival. In a deadly situation, the desire to live often separates those who survive and those who die. Tales of the heroic survival of ordinary people with little or no training, but with a strong desire to live are not uncommon. The survival situation can be so stressful that even trained professionals can be mentally affected. You need to be mentally and physically prepared to overcome panic and thoughtful decisive action during the disaster.

Stress testing has human limits, but the benefits of stress stress training in defining these limits can outweigh the lack of stress. ^[1] There are certain strategies and skills that can help people to cope better in a survival situation, including by focusing on tasks, having a plan B or choosing a denial tactic. ^[2]

Inhabitants should not be inactive when exposed to shelling. It is advisable to use one of the following tactics: to run, hide, resist.

• Run - used if the shooter is far enough, and the potential victim sees the path to salvation. You need to run, throwing things, following the intended route, moving in zigzags from cover to cover.
• Hide - if it is impossible to leave the dangerous territory, you need to find a safe place. Hide out of sight of an arrow. Lock the door, lock it with pieces of furniture, close the curtains, close the blinds. Position so that between you and the shooter there are as many obstacles as possible. Try to report the situation by mobile, landline or in any other way. If attackers can use direction finding , turn off your mobile phone and other radio transmitting devices.

Being under fire, it is better not to go to bed, but to squat or kneel. Fleeing the explosion - fall to the floor, kick to the explosion, opening his mouth and covering his head with his hands.

A separate aspect of human survival is psychological survival in a new, reality (technical, informational, social), in a constantly changing society. A person needs to adapt to new conditions, while not losing himself, preserving his personal integrity and internal stability. ^[3] .

Psycho-social risk factors for survival:

• the complication of social and economic living conditions;
• long-lasting emotional stress;
• set of negative events affecting a person’s lifestyle;
• continuous life changes;
• criminal environment, including terrorist acts;
• the uncertainty and unpredictability of a life perspective;
• satiety with social interaction;
• the threat of technological disasters, etc.

Man's survival in the world is connected with his ability to adapt .

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• Mountain climbing: freedom of the hills ; 8th ed; Mountaineers Books; 596 pages; 1960 to 2010; ISBN 978-1594851384 .
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• Korshunov N. Survive in extreme conditions // Army collection: Scientific-methodical journal of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation . - M .: Editorial and publishing center of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, 2008. - No. 12 . - S. 31-32 . - ISSN 1560-036X .
• Extreme Survival
• Survival in the wild and extreme situations