The Transcarpathian Regional Organization of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia is a constituent part of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (CPC) in the territory of Subcarpathian Rus .
History
It was established at the founding congress of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on the basis of the left majority of the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party on May 14-16, 1921 . It became the result of joining the HRC in the status of the regional organization of the International (International) Socialist Party of Subcarpathian Rus (in force since March 1920, since January 1921 it was part of the “Marxist Left of Slovakia and Transcarpathian Ukraine ”) - the first Communist Party in Transcarpathia after its inclusion Czechoslovakia in 1919 .
United 15 district organizations, which consisted of 8 thousand members. The work of the Transcarpathian Regional Committee of the KPCH was led by the leaders of the Ruska extreme in the Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919, Ivan Mondok and Erno Saydler, then Pavel Terek, Emmanuel Klima, Aleksey Borkanyuk and Ivan Turyanitsa . Communists of Transcarpathia carried out agitation and organizational work among the local population: in 1920–1938, the newspapers “Karpatska Pravda” (“Karpatskaya Pravda”, 1922–1933 and 1935–1938) and “ Munkás Uyshag ” (“Munkás Ujság”, 1924-1925) were published. , in Hungarian ), organized strikes, demonstrations and rallies, including the political strike of 1920, the peasant strike of 1921, the general strike of 1922, the working strike of 1929, economic strikes in 1932-1933.
Since 1924, Transcarpathian communists participated in the elections to the Czechoslovak parliament (1924, 1925, 1929, 1935) and enjoyed considerable support from the poor. Thus, in the parliamentary elections of 1935, a party in Subcarpathian Rus showed results of more than 40%. In the Czechoslovak parliament, the party was represented by Ivan Mondok (1924-1929), Joseph Gatiy (1924-1929), Nikolai Sidoryak (1924-1931), Ivan Lokota (1929-1932), Pavel Terek (1931-1936), Alexey (Oleksa) Borkanyuk (1935-1938).
From the mid-1930s, the Krakim, led by Alexei Borkanyuk, in the spirit of the “people's front” policy promoted at this stage by the Comintern , put forward the thesis of uniting the left forces, hoping to lead this movement. During the Second World War, during the occupation of Transcarpathia by Hungarian-German troops, many party members participated in the partisan movement.
After the liberation of Transcarpathia by the Red Army, on November 19, 1944, a regional partisan conference was held, with the active participation of political workers of the Red Army proclaiming the creation of the Communist Party of Transcarpathian Ukraine , which led the process of the accession of Transcarpathian Ukraine to the Ukrainian SSR. By the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) of December 15, 1945, it was accepted into the CPSU (b) .
Organization
The structural and organizational base of the party was made up of 13 district secretariats, to which 91 party cells were subordinate. There were also youth communist organizations.
The main requirements set forth in the program were limited to the implementation of the proletarian revolution, the confiscation and liquidation of large private landholdings, close cooperation with the USSR, etc. Since the mid-1920s, linguistic and national cultural identity has been unequivocally defined as unity with the Ukrainian by the people. Rejecting the possibility of cooperation with any nationalist political parties, the Communist Party of HRC in Subcarpathian Rus favored the activities of the society " Prosvita ", held common cultural events with it; condemned Hungarian irredentism, whose representatives demanded the accession of Transcarpathia to Hungary.
Literature
- Granchak I. M. Oleksa Borkanyuk is a half-wrestler for the wakefulness of Transcarpathia. - Kiev, 1956.
- Cream Yu. Yu. Revolutionary-willed war on Transcarpathia in 1929–1937 p. - Kiev, 1960.
- Hlanta O.V. Їkh led communists. - Uzhgorod, 1962.
- Spіvak B.I. Naris the history of the revolution of Transcarpathia workers in the years 1930-1945. - Lviv, 1963.
- Rothman, M. Next friends. - Uzhgorod, 1964.
- With a hat Zhovtnya: Borotba Zakarpattya workers for social and national visas, for returning from Radian Ukraine: Zbіrnik documents, t. 1-6. - Uzhgorod, 1957-1967.
- Spіvak B.I. Comunist Ivan Mondock. - Uzhgorod, 1969.
- Great Zhovteni and Rozkvit returned Zakarpattya. - Uzhgorod, 1970.
- Narisi isstory of Transcarpathian regional party organization. - Uzhgorod, 1980.
- Narisi isstory of Transcarpathia, V. 2. - Uzhgorod, 1995.
- Vіdnyansky S. V. Zakarpatska Krai Organization of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia // Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine. - K.: Naukova Dumka, 2005. - T. 3: E - Y. - 672 p.