Kola is a river on the Kola Peninsula in the Murmansk Region of Russia .
| Cola | |
|---|---|
 Cola near the mouth | |
| Characteristic | |
| Length | 83 km |
| Pool | 3850 km² |
| Water consumption | 44 m³ / s (8 km from the mouth) |
| Watercourse | |
| Source | Colozero |
| • Height | 140 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| Mouth | Kola Bay |
| • Location | Cola |
| • Height | 0 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| River slope | 1.67 m / km |
| Location | |
| Water system | Barents Sea |
| A country |
|
| Region | Murmansk region |
| HWR code | |
 - source  - mouth | |
Length - 83 km. The pool area is 3850 km² . The direction of the river is meridional (from south to north).
The etymology of the name of the river is not known for certain [2] . However, there are two versions of the origin of the name of the river [2] . The first suggests that the name comes from the Sami “ kolyok ” - “ golden river ” [2] . It is believed that at first the foreign language name was adopted by the Russians in the form of the Kola River (mentioned in the annals in 1532), and then it was transformed into the modern Kola River [2] . According to another version, the name goes back to the Finno-Ugric " Kuljoki " - " fish river " [2] .
It originates from Kolozer ; after 4 km, having passed several rapids, it flows into Pulozero , exiting from which for 3 km it is again occupied by rapids; further flows into Murdozero ; after 15 km significant rapids begin, which last for 5 km; the next 2 km the river has a flat character; further on 14 km the rapids continue, then there are no rapids and only 3 km to the city of Kola they begin again; outside the city flows into the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea . [3]
The food is mostly snowy . High water in May - July. The average water discharge at 8 km from the mouth is 44 m³ / s. Alloy in the lower reaches, rapids. [4] The city of Kola has a river width of up to 120 m and a depth of about 2 m. The river flows along rather steep banks covered with moss and shallow forest. [3]
The largest tributaries are Kitsa , Orlovka (right) and Tukhta , Medvezhya (left). [6]
In the middle of the 19th century, the river passed north of the city of Kola , but then broke through a different path, more direct, turning the lowland cape on the eastern shore of the Kola Bay into a small island; on this island at the beginning of the 20th century there was a cemetery; the old estuary dried up. At the beginning of the 20th century, the river sometimes served as a route for communication with Kandalaksha . [3]
Settlements on the river: Kola , Molochny , Vyhodny , Shonguy , Magnetity , Kildinstroy , Loparskaya , Kitsa (on Murdozer), Taibola , Pulozero (on Pulozero). [6]
3 railway bridges, 5 automobile and 1 suspension pedestrians were thrown across the river. [7]
Notes
- ↑ Surface Water Resources of the USSR: Hydrological Understanding. T. 1. Kola Peninsula / ed. Yu.A. Yelshin. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1969 .-- 134 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Minkin A.A. Toponyms of Murman. - Murmansk: Murmansk Book Publishing House, 1976.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Kola, river of the Arkhangelsk province // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Cola (river) // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ Kola At 1429 km Oktyabr'skoy zh / d . R-ArcticNET. Date of treatment February 10, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Topographic map
- ↑ According to Google Maps