The main computing center of the USSR Gosplan is a structural subdivision of the USSR State Planning Committee that calculated the planned indicators using electronic computing equipment [1] . There was in 1959 - 1991 , one of the predecessors of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation [2] . Known to work on the creation of the Automated System of Planning Calculations (ASR) [3] .
| Main Computing Center of the USSR State Planning Committee | |
|---|---|
| MCC Gosplan USSR | |
 | |
| Address | Russia , Moscow , Academician Sakharov Avenue , 12 |
| Type of organization | computer center |
| Official language | Russian |
| Base | |
| creation of the Computing Center of the USSR State Planning Committee | 1959 |
| submission to the State Scientific and Economic Council under the Council of Ministers of the USSR | 1960 year |
| creation of the Main Computing Center of the USSR State Planning Committee | 1963 |
| Liquidation | |
| Transformation into the Center for Economic Situation and Forecasting under the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation | 1991 |
Content
History
In 1956, I. S. Bruk , Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences , spoke at a session of the Academy of Sciences with proposals on the main directions of the use of computers in the economy. After Brook's proposals, ministries and departments began to create their own computer centers (EC) for use in economic calculations. The first was the Computing Center of the USSR State Planning Committee ( November 1959 ). In 1960, the EC Gosplan was transferred to the State Scientific and Economic Council (State Economic Council) under the USSR Council of Ministers . In 1962, N.I. Kovalyov , head of the EC of the State Economic Council, proposed the creation of a single automated system for managing the economy of the USSR . The first phase of the system envisaged the creation of a network of 30 CC at the state plans of the Union republics and large economic councils , closed at the CC of the State Economic Council. The fate of the project N. I. Kovalev unknown [4] .
In 1963, long-term planning again returned to the State Planning Commission [5] . On the basis of the resolution of the May 21, 1963 Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 564 “ On improving the management of the introduction of computers and automated control systems in the national economy ”, the Main Computing Center (MCC) of the USSR State Planning Committee, Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of RAS (CEMI) was formed and scientific research institutes for the design of computer centers and economic information systems (Scientific Research Institute of Central Statistical Bureau of the USSR ). In September of the same year, the deputy. Head of the Main Computing Center N. Ye. Kobrinsky was put in charge of the first working commission, which was to develop the concept of the Unified State Network of Computing Centers ( EGHSVTS ), which for the first time in the world proposed in his brochure “Electronic Digital Machines” A.I. Whales in 1958. Subsequently, the EGSCR idea was transformed into the National Automated System for Accounting and Information Processing (OGAS) [6] .
In 1991, the Main Computing Center was transformed into the Center for Economic Situation and Forecasting under the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation (it was headed by the Deputy Head of the Main Computer Center Ya. M. Urinson ), then in 1993 at the Center for Economic Situation under the Government of the Russian Federation . In 2005, the Center was merged with the Work Center for Economic Reforms, and the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation was established on their basis [2] .
Chiefs
- 1959-1960 - Rakovsky, Mikhail Evgenievich
- 1961-1971 - Kovalev, Nikolai Ivanovich
- 1971-1981 - Lebedinsky, Nikolai Pavlovich
- 1981-1984 - Kossov, Vladimir Viktorovich
- 1984-1990 - Bezrukov, Vladimir Borisovich
- 1990-1991 - N.N. Baryshnikov
Activity
Since the beginning of the 1970s, the Main Computer Center, under the leadership of its chief, N. P. Lebedinsky, was engaged in the formation of the Automated System of Planned Calculations (ASDP). The ASRP was based on the domestic economic-mathematical model of inter-sectoral balance , developed by the scientists of the State Planning and Economic Institute's Scientific Research Institute , headed by A. N. Efimov and awarded the USSR State Prize in 1968 . By 1985, two phases of the ASPR were involved, which made it possible for the first time in the Gosplan practice to make planned designs multivariate [3] .
In 1988, D.V. Lozinsky , MCC employee, created the first Soviet anti-virus program “ Aidstest ” [7] .
Gallery
The building of the Main Computing Center on Academician Sakharov Avenue | ||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ State Planning Committee // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ 1 2 N. Smirnov. Open, but reliable (Rus.) // Information Service Director : Journal. - M .: Open systems , 2011. - № 6 .
- ↑ 1 2 Belik Yu. The country's economic headquarters (Rus.) // Soviet Russia : Newspaper. - M. , February 25, 2011. Archived December 15, 2012.
- ↑ A. Kuteynikov. First projects to automate the management of the Soviet planned economy in the late 1950s and early 1960s. - "electronic socialism"? (Rus.) // Economic History. Review: Journal. - M .: MSU , 2011. - Vol. 15 - p. 130, 134-135 .
- ↑ Kazansky, N. N. A champion of the development of the eastern regions of Siberia, Nikolai Nikolayevich Kolosovsky (Rus.) // Geography and natural resources: Journal. - M .: Institute of Complex Transport Problems , 2007. - № 1 . - p . 163 .
- ↑ Kuteynikov A.V. Academician V.M. Glushkov and the project of creating a fundamentally new (automated) system for managing the Soviet economy in 1963–1965. (Rus.) // Economic History. Review: Journal. - M .: MSU , 2011. - Vol. 15 - p. 141-142, 144 .
- ↑ Gridneva N. The man who caught the virus (rus.) // Kommersant-Dengi: magazine. - M. , April 10, 1996. - № 13 (73) . - p . 5 .
Links
- History of the creation of the AC under the Government of the Russian Federation . FSI "Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation". Circulation date August 6, 2013. Archived August 17, 2013.