Tadeusz Urbanski ( Polish. Tadeusz Urbański ; 1901 , Ekaterinodar - 1985 , Warsaw ) - Polish chemist, professor at the Warsaw University of Technology .
| Tadeusz Urban | |
|---|---|
| polish Tadeusz urbański | |
| Date of Birth | 1901 |
| Place of Birth | Ekaterinodar , Kuban region , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | 1985 |
| Place of death | Warsaw , People's Republic of Poland |
| A country |  Poland |
| Scientific field | chemistry |
| Place of work | Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Laboratory of Pyrotechnics, Institute of Arms and Technology under the Ministry of Defense of Poland |
| Alma mater | Warsaw University of Technology |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Chemical Sciences |
| Academic rank | professor at the Warsaw University of Technology |
| Known as | explosives and explosives specialist |
| Awards and prizes |  |
Content
Biography
Born in 1901 in Yekaterinodar (now Krasnodar), where his father worked as a judge. In 1919 he entered chemist training in Novocherkassk , in 1922 he moved to Warsaw, where in 1924 he graduated from the Warsaw Higher Technical School (now Warsaw Polytechnic) [1] . During training, he became interested in describing explosive reactions in gases, which were described by the French chemist Henri Louis Le Chatelier , and decided to engage in this particular field of chemistry. After receiving the title of Doctor of Chemical Sciences [1] [2] , he began working in the pyrotechnics laboratory of the Institute of Technology and Armaments at the Ministry of Defense of Poland and at the Pocisk ammunition factory in Rembertow . His colleagues were Zbigniew Kapuschinsky and Tadeusz Tucholsky (both were shot in Katyn [3] . Urbansky also taught at the Warsaw Aero Club in the 1930s. [4] . In 1938-1939 he taught at the Department of Chemistry at the Warsaw Polytechnic.
During World War II, Urbansky first moved to France, and then to England [1] , where he continued his research in the field of explosives and biological additives. After returning to Poland in 1946, he again took up the post of teacher, until 1950 he worked as dean of the Department of Chemistry, until 1971 he worked as head of the 2nd Department of Organic Technology [1] . He continued his work in the field of explosives and biological additives: in the latter case, his developments were useful for the invention of a series of drugs against tuberculosis. On July 19, 1954 he was awarded the Officer Cross of the Order of the Renaissance of Poland for his services to the development of Polish science [5] . In 1962, he was nominated for a Nobel Prize in chemistry , but did not receive it [6] .
In 1964-1967, he served as director of the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1981 he was awarded the title of doctor honoris causa of the Warsaw University of Technology [7] . In 1985 he was awarded the medal of Andrzej Snyadecki . He died the same year in Warsaw.
Scientific activity
Tadeusz Urbansky directly became known thanks to scientific works on chemistry devoted to nitroalkanes (explosives) and their simplest representatives - such as nitromethane and nitroethane - to their reactions with formaldehydes and the formation of 1,3-oxazine [2] . He is the author of a three-volume monograph “Chemistry and technology of explosives” ( Polish. Chemia i technologia materiałów wybuchowych ), published in 1954 by the Ministry of People’s Defense of Poland. It was translated into English and published by Macmillan Publishers in 1964 [8] and the Pergamon Press (imprint of Elsevier publishing house) in 1984-1985 as a four-volume publication of Chemistry and technology of explosives [9] . He also owns more than 500 scientific publications [10] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Politechnika Warszawska, Technologia Chemiczna Archived on October 6, 2012. (polish)
- ↑ 1 2 Louis Fieser, Mary Fieser: Organische Chemie , Verlag Chemie Weinheim, 2. Auflage, 1972, ISBN 3-527-25075-1 , S. 555–556.
- ↑ Urbański, 1984 , p. 29.
- ↑ Urbański, 1984 , p. 15.
- ↑ Uchwała Rady Państwa z dnia 19 lipca 1954 r. o nadaniu odznaczeń państwowych (Polish)
- ↑ Tadeuz Urbanski. Nomination for Nobel Prize in Chemistry . Nobelprize.org Date of treatment April 20, 2015.
- ↑ Doktorzy honoris causa PW (Polish) . Warsaw University of Technology . Date of treatment December 21, 2011.
- ↑ Tadeusz Urbański. Chemistry and technology of explosives . Katalogi Biblioteki Narodowej. Date of treatment January 30, 2012.
- ↑ T. Urbański. Chemistry and technology of explosives . Biblioteka Narodowa. Centralny Katalog Książek Zagranicznych (1975-1986). Date of treatment January 30, 2012.
- ↑ Biogram oraz bibliografia publikacji profesora Tadeusza Urbańskiego (Polish) . Biblioteka Główna Politechniki Warszawskiej (2012). Date of treatment April 3, 2014.
Literature
- Krystyna Kabzińska, Chemia organiczna: podręcznik dla techników chemicznych wszystkich specjalności WSiP 1988
- Tadeusz Urbański. Zapiski do autobiografii naukowej // Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki. - 1984. - No. 29 . - S. 2-47 .