Museum and center of the khomus of the peoples of the world

The Khomus Museum was founded on November 30, 1990. The creator of the museum is Ivan Egorovich Alekseev - Khomus Uybaan, Doctor of Philology, Professor of Northeast Federal University named after M.K. Ammosova, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Honored Worker of Culture of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), a tireless propagandist of world-famous khomus music, whose collection of khomuses served as the foundation of the museum fund. The first director was appointed K. D. Utkin, a famous scientist, philosopher.

The International Center of khomus music (Vargan) music with the Museum of khomus of the peoples of the world was established on the recommendation of the II International Congress “Khomus: Traditions and Contemporaneity” by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on December 19, 1991 No. 612. I.E. Alekseev was appointed President.

The museum presents the collections of Frederic Crane , an American barganologist, professor, Gotnetsov Innokenty Nikitich, craftsman of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), craftsmen of the republic “Amynykychi michaeere”, Bruntsev V. A., Beskrovnogo A. To date, 1613 homuses have been collected in the museum collection (varganov, trump, multomelmels, jus harp, bamboro, etc.) from 52 countries of the world. And, in general, khomus is distributed in more than 200 nationalities of the world. ^[one]

About Khomus (Vargan)

Many peoples of the world have their own khomuses and consider the harp to be their folk instrument. Khomus (Vargan) - is considered one of the most ancient and widespread musical instruments. According to the assumption of the American musicologist Frederick Crane, the harp was born 5 thousand years ago. Today, there are more than 162 varieties of this tool.

The main fund of the museum is 8747 storage units. Since 1993, the museum has been a member of the International Council of Museums “ICOM” and has No. 1984-RU in the catalog of unique museums in the world. Since 1992, the National Khomus Centers of Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan , the USA , France , Austria , Japan , Germany , Switzerland , Norway , Hungary , England , Italy , Great Britain and Argentina were created . Public branches were established in Bashkortostan , Altai , Tuva and Moscow .

Exposure

The rich collections stored in the museum are presented in four rooms.

In the exposition of the first hall, visitors get acquainted with the stages of manufacturing a khomus, with the traditional technology of steel smelting, the genealogy of Yakut blacksmiths, with khomuses of famous craftsmen: Gogolev S.I. - Amynykyu Uus, Burtseva N.P., Zakharova I.F. - Kydyady Uus, Maltseva K.K., with the history of the revival of the performing skills of playing on the Yakut khomus, with the musical activity of L.N. Turnin, the great khomusist, with the creative activity of the founder of the Museum of khomus I. Alekseev - Khomus Uybaan. Here are the ancient Yakut khomuses of the 18-19 centuries. Also, in the first hall, new exhibitions of the works of folk craftsman I.N. Gotovtsev-Ho Уuun Uus and the works of masters-manufacturers of khomus, participants of the International interactive competition “Amynyky michaeere” (“Recognition of Amynykya”) dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the famous master-manufacturer of the Yakut khomus are working S. I. Gogolev-Amynyky Uus. Visitors are always surprised by the miniature, giant, traditional khomuses made by masters Alexander Danilov, Nikolai Potapov, Ivan Khristoforov, compositional works by eminent masters - Innokenty Gotovtsev, Revoriy Chemchoev, German Burtsev, Dmitry Popov, Pyotr Osipov, Roman Gotovtsev, Ivan Pavlov, Nikolai Mikhail Maltsev, Procopius Bygynanov, Nyurgustan Uvarov, Eduard Tarabukin, Ivan Neustroev, Vasily Uarov, Kirill Petrov, etc.

The second room presents khomuses of the peoples of the world, diverse and amazing in their form and sound. The khomuses from bamboo, wood, bone, iron, combined khomuses are stored here. Each nation has a harbor with its own unique name: English, American “jus-harp”, German and Austrian “mauldromel”, French “gimbard”, Norwegian “munnharp”, Chinese “kuchin”, Russian “harp”, Japanese “koukin” , Kazakh "shankobyz", African "bamboro", etc. ^[2] Each musical instrument is a valuable exhibit that represents a variety of cultures around the world.

An interesting collection is Shishigin Spiridon Spiridonovich , a virtuoso-khomusist of the world, director of Pokrovskaya secondary school of the RS (Y). At the exhibition, 42 different khomus are presented: from unusual in shape Papuan bamboo to Kazakh notated vargan who talk about the culture of their people.

The third exhibition hall presents the collection of Frederic Crane , donated in December 2009. At the V International Congress of Vargan Music in Amsterdam, he stated that he "donates his collection to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which provides a state approach to this instrument." He began to collect his collection since 1961. The most ancient vargans in his collection date back to the 14th century. The collection of V. A. Bruntsev's “Musical Instruments of the World's Peoples” includes musical instruments of different nations and rich literature on musical instruments.

An exposition telling about the establishment of the Guinness World Record for simultaneous playing on the khomus is presented in the third hall. In 2011, the Guinness World Record was set in Yakutsk at the VII International Congress - the festival of khomus music (Vargan) music "Khomus (trump) in the cultural space of the world", which was held in Yakutsk. It was attended by 1344 people.

The space khomus made by the master R. G. Chemchoyev-Chөmchөө Uus takes the most honorable place and is considered the property of the museum. On December 21, 2011, the Yakut khomus launched on the Soyuz-TMA 03 M spacecraft and spent 192 days, 18 hours, 58 minutes, 37 seconds in the Universe, making 2988 turns of the Earth’s Earth with a flight range of 126.6 million km. The ship's commander was Oleg Dmitrievich Kononenko , Hero of Russia, an astronaut. ^[3] In October 2013, a duplicate of this khomus was donated to the Moscow Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics. The Museum and the Khomus Center conducts multifaceted work to revive and popularize khomus music, blacksmithing and preserve the traditional musical culture of the Sakha people.

Development

The Museum and the Khomus Center of the World Nations implements joint projects not only within the republic and the country, but also abroad. The following international congresses-festivals of Vargan (khomus) music were held: I Congress - Iowa City, USA; 1984, II Congress - Yakutsk, Yakutia, 1988; III Congress - Moln, Austria, 1998; IV Congress - Norway, 2002; V Congress - Holland, 2006; VI Congress - Keshkemet, Hungary, 2010; VII Congress - Yakutia, Yakutsk, 2011; VIII Congress - Germany, 2015.

• Vargan

• Alekseev I.E. Art of playing on the Yakut khomus. - Yakutsk, 1988.
• Alekseev E.E. Vargan: undisclosed research prospects // Vargan (khomus) and its music. - Yakutsk, 1991.
• Vargan (khomus) and his music. (Materials of the I All-Union Conference, 1988) - Yakutsk, 1991.
• Gotovtsev I.N. Sakham khomuugar saҥany. - Yakutsk, 2003.
• Kyun A.M., Shishigin N.S. Museum and Center of the Khomus of the Peoples of the World. - Yakutsk, 2014.
• Saga. Cultural and educational almanac. Issue No. 2 (3) - 2011.