Hiawatha

To determine the years of life of Deganavid and Hiawatha, scientists note a split in the Seneca tribe , which was the last to join the Confederation. A bloody collision stopped the solar eclipse , noted in 1920 in “The Iroquois Legends”, narrated by the Sainter Mais (“the Cornplanter”), William Canfield ^[1] .

Researchers mentioning the solar eclipse (in chronological order): Paul A. W. Wallace ^[2] , Elizabeth Tucker ^[3] , Bruce E. Johanssen ^{[4] [5]} , Dean R. Snow ^[6] , Barbara A. Mann and Jerry L. Fields ^[7] , William N. Fenton ^[8] , David Hanidge, Gary Warrick and Neta Crowfold. ^[9]

After the first mention by Canfield ^[1] , as well as in accordance with the majority opinion ^{[2] [3] [6] [8] [10]} , scientists established 1451 AD ^[11] . as the most probable date of mention of the solar eclipse. Some are inclined to 1142 BC. e . ^{[4] [7] [12]} , others do not support this issue ^[13] .

Archaeological evidence varies. In 1982, Dean Snow declared the impossibility of a solar eclipse before 1350 BC. e. (thereby excluding the date 1142 A.D.) ^[6] . In 1998, Fenton rejected the year 1451. e., since the eclipse occurred no later than 1000 A.D. e. therefore in 1142 AD e. ^[8] . Research 2007-2008 confirmed the possibility of an eclipse in 1142 n. e., although most adhere to the time of the eclipse in 1451 ^{[14] [15]} .

The Hiawatha Belt (Wampum Hiawatha) consists of 6,574 beads (38 rows, 173 columns), 892 of which are white and 5682 are purple. Violet symbolizes the sky or the Universe, and white - purity and Good Mind (pure thoughts, mercy and understanding). Wampum symbolizes the Five Nations of the Confederation, living from west to east in the state of New York. The white squares on the belt and the symbol of a tree or heart in the center mean the Seneca tribes (Guardians of the West), kayyuga (Residents of the Marshes), onondaga (Guardians of the Fire), onayda (People of the Standing Stones) and mohok (Guardians of the East). A white ribbon without a beginning and an end, meaning eternity, connects the squares without passing through their center, showing the equal rights and identities of peoples. The squares reflect the idea of ​​strengthening the territory, and the emptiness in the center is an open heart and soul.

The central figure of the tree recalls the Onondaga tribe, who lived in the capital of the Union and built the main bonfire at a general council. In the capital, on the shore of Lake Onondaga call for peace was made, the axes of war were buried. Four white roots spread from this tree, which carry the message of unity and peace on four sides. Almost in the very center of the belt is a bead made of colonial lead glass.

The Hiawatha Belt dates from the mid- 18th century . The creation of the belt is part of the Confederacy’s existence, but the belt that is exposed today is not real ^[16] .

In the 1980s, the Wampum Hiawatha was taken as the basis of the Confederation of the Iroquois Flag. The pattern is carved on the reverse of a coin of the 2010 American Indians series (also known as the Sakagawi Dollar ). The logo of the Hamilton Nationals team from the Major League Lacrosse also has a belt pattern.

•  

  Wampum Hiawatha

•  

  Confederate Iroquois flag

• In 1950, the studio Monogram Pictures planned to create a historical film about Hiawath, but did not receive permission. Then, the Hiawatha could see the propaganda of communism as the peacemaker ^{[17] [18]} .
• In 1997, a film based on the Longfellow poem was released. Co-production of the United States and Canada was filmed in Ontario , Canada ^[19] .
• The Hiawatha Cycle Trail , 26.66 miles (42.91 km) long in Northern Idaho and Montana, has the right to travel over old bridges and through old tunnels ^[20] .
• In 1964, a fiberglass Statue of Hiawatha, 16 m high and weighing 7,300 kg, was installed in Ironwood, Michigan . She is called "The Biggest and Tallest Indian in the World" ^[21] .
• On the Upper Peninsula is the Hiawatha Forest Reserve with an area of ​​362,127 ha.
• One of the trains of the Amtrak Railway Corporation, running several times a day between Chicago and Milwaukee , is called the Hiawatha Service ^[22] .
• Toronto Islands Were previously called Hiawatha Island ^[23] .
• In the computer game, Civilization 5 ( Sid Meier's Civilization V ) can be played for Hiawatha as the leader of the Iroquois.
• In the village of Essex Junction, Vermont , is the Hiawatha Primary School. Template: The significance of the facts

• The Song of Hiawatha is an epic poem in which a fictional character, a Minnegag girl, appears .

• Bonviline, Nancy (2005). Hiawatha: Founder of the Iroquois Confederation. ISBN 1-59155-176-5 , ISBN 978-1-59155-176-8
• Hale, Horatio (1881). Hiawatha and the Iroquois Confederation: Anthropological Studies.
• Hatzan, A. Leon (1925). The true story of Hiawatha and the history of the Six Nations of the Indians.
• Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe (1856). The myth of Hiawatha, and other oral mythical and allegorical legends, of North American Indians.
• Lang, Mary E. (1920). Hero of the Common House.
• Saraydarian, Torkom, and Joanne L. Alesh (1984). Hiawatha and the great truce. ISBN 0-911794-25-5 , ISBN 978-0-911794-25-0 , ISBN 0-911794-28-X , ISBN 978-0-911794-28-1
• Siles, William H. (1986). Local Lore Studies : Tales, Folklore, and Legends of Upstate New York.

For children

• Bonviline, Nancy (1992). Hiawatha: Founder of the Iroquois Confederation. ISBN 0-7910-1707-9 , ISBN 978-0-7910-1707-4
• Fredin, Dennis B. (1992). Hiawatha: the messenger of peace. ISBN 0-689-50519-1 , ISBN 978-0-689-50519-5
• Mac Clard, Megan George Yupsilantis and Frank Riccio (1989). Hiawatha and the Iroquois League. ISBN 0-382-09568-5 , ISBN 978-0-382-09568-9 , ISBN 0-382-09757-2 , ISBN 978-0-382-09757-7
• Marcus, Alida (1963). There really was Hiawatha.
• St. John, Natalie and Mildred Mellor Bateson (1928). Romans of the West: an untold but true story of Hiawatha.
• Taylor, S.J. (2004). Walking along the path of the world: the legend of Hiawatha and Thekanavit. ISBN 0-88776-547-5 , ISBN 978-0-88776-547-6

• Notes on the Historical Heritage Peacemaker a, a mini-documentary drama about one of the founders of the Iroquois Confederation.
• Chapter V, Confederation of the Iroquois
• History of the Mohawk Valley: Deganavid and Hiawatha , Schenectady Digital Historical Archive
• Google Books Ancient Society Review
• The Great Peacemaker Deganavid and his follower Hiawatha , a play by the School of the Wisdom of Life
• Hiawatha on Find a Grave