Inokovka 1st

Settlement at the confluence of the river. Inokovka and p. The crow began no later than the 17th century. In 1702 there were already more than 70 yards (research works of the local historian N.V. Muravyov).

“Chapel of the Trinity of Tambov County, in the newly-settled village of Inokovka. At that chapel is the courtyard of the clerk Nestor Vasiliev. Yes, in the parish of that chapel there are 68 courtyards of Tambovites, children of the boyars, four courtyards of Bobyl, and three courtyards empty ... ”

- Books for salaries of newly settled villages of Tambov and Kozlov in the cities of the current 1702

It is known that the first inhabitants of the present Inokovka were the monks, that is, monks, hermits. Hence the name itself.

The first mention of the first settlers is said in the legend of monastic life in the Kirsanovsky Krai “the legend says that when there was no housing yet, there was a monastery on the right bank”, which was inhabited by several hermits who arrived from nowhere. The place was chosen well - between the hills, there was a river nearby (future Inokovka), from the southeast the settlement was protected from attacks by a large river (future Vorona) with a swampy floodplain.

An interesting hypothesis was expressed by Father Valentin, rector of the Church of the Holy Trinity in the village. 2nd Inokovka. From the stories of his grandfather, who happened to get acquainted with the archive of the rural municipality council, burnt down in the hard years of the civil war, he heard that there were documents confirming that tsar John IV the Terrible exiled people who were not suitable for him to these places. Therefore, the history of the village is pushed back to the end of the 16th century. But this is one of the versions that has not been documented to date.

Based on the official data of Inokovka (1st) for more than three hundred years. According to the final data of the first revision tale of 1719, in the village of Inokovka lived one-man palaces - 80 householders; they had 285 male souls, including Grigory Fedyanin, Fedor Voronin, Stepan Vereshchagin, Abram Davydov, Zakhar Dubovitsky, Emelyan Mikhailov, Anton Krivolapov, Ivan Sitnikov, Nazar Dedov, Merkul Dobrynin and others. ^[2]

At the beginning of the 18th century, its mass settlement begins. According to the final data of the 2nd census of 1745 in Inokovka lived 857 souls of single-palace residents and 177 souls of serfs of the landowner Ivan Grigoryev. During the peasant uprising of Pugachev, the village was temporarily captured by a rebel detachment in about 1774. The village as Inokovka was indicated on a 1792 map 17 miles from the nearest town of Kirsanov . Even then, a road passed through the village from the city of Kirsanov south to Borisoglebsk, which remained of considerable importance until the construction of the railway through Kirsanov and to the village of Inzhavino . On the map of 1816, the village was indicated as Inakovka . In the second quarter of the 19th century, the village on maps is called as Troitskoye ( Incovka identity) - for example, on the maps of Schubert in 1840 and in the atlas of Zuev of the 1858 edition. But later, due to confusion in the same names of nearby villages, they began to return names unique to the area, and as Inokovka they began to designate the village again from the late 1860s.

In 1840, at the expense of the villagers, a church four-year school was built. Intended for state peasants, maintained at the expense of peasants. We studied several subjects - Holy History, A Brief Catechism, Arithmetic and Writing. About 50 children studied at that time. In 1853, an elementary public school was opened. By 1891, about 90 children studied there. The local zemstvo allocated up to 100 rubles for the maintenance of this school, and up to 200 rubles a year by the peasant society. Since 1878, a local priest Nikolai I. Orzhevsky (born 1852) was a law teacher (free of charge) in it, and Maria Gridneva, a teacher who completed a full course of studies at the Tambov Diocesan School, was a local priest. [5] At the end of the 19th century, separate male (zemstvo) and female (parish) schools appeared, later united under Soviet power into a single labor school.

Until 1871, there was one Trinity Church in the village, rebuilt in 1865. The parish was founded in the early 17th century. ^[3]

In 1872, the village began to divide along the Sukhaya Inokovka River into the Old and New (the modern 1st Inokovka and 2nd Inokovka). Although the official maps and official reports on the population for a long time remained the same name - Inokovka.

According to the data of 1880, in the village of Inokovka there were 6564 inhabitants, 3 parish schools, 4 shops. In the Memorial Book of the Tambov Province of 1894, the village (as a single) consisted of 1264 yards with a population of 9006 people. According to the 1st All-Russian population census of 1897, the village (in the report, also as a single) totaled 8924 inhabitants, which put Inokovka in number in the first place among the villages in Kirsanovsky district . The village was part of the Inokovo volost, at the beginning of the 20th century several more settlements (including the villages of Kalais , Tikhvinka, God-protected) were included in this volost.

There were 2 fairs a year and bazaars on Wednesdays. What was needed for the village was sold at fairs. A large number of merchants from various cities gathered at it with goods: cloth, leather, material, silver, copper and wooden utensils, wax, salt, sugar. The fair lasted 2 days. The fees from it went to the needs of the improvement of the village and the social sphere.

In the Old Inokovka by the end of the 19th century there were 2 churches. The main Trinity Church is wooden; was rebuilt in 1865 at the expense of parishioners. There are two thrones: the main - in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity and the side - in the name of the three hierarchs Peter, Alexy and Jonah. Locally revered Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God. And the attributed church (cemetery) - in honor of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God. ^[3] Both were not preserved by the 21st century.

Trains from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Murmansk, Voronezh, Brest, Prague to Saratov, Astrakhan, Alma-Ata, Ufa, Volgograd and many other cities follow the railway station of the same name Inokovka (built in 1870, 507 km from Moscow). It is worth noting that the Inokovka station of the South-Eastern Railway is located at a considerable distance (about 14 km) from the village of the same name - near the village of Krasnoslobodskoye (Kovylki), located along the Kirsanov-Tambov road. Initially, the station was called Krasnoslobodskaya , but because of a similar other large station, it was renamed at the end of the 19th century into a more unique name (in the nearest large village).

By 1904-1905 in Inokovka they built a zemstvo hospital, dug wells in the village, built a bridge and paved the dam.

By 1911, in Staraya Inokovka there were 755 yards and about 6,000 adults. In 1916, priests Smirnov Jacob, Shcheglov Konstantin served in the local church. ^[four]

After the October Revolution of 1917, Soviet power in Kirsanov was established only in the spring of 1918. In Inokovka, the establishment of Soviet power was extremely resisted. A significant part of the prosperous peasantry, considering it an absurdity to give up hard-earned property and driven to despair by the thoughtless and brutal food policy of the Soviet state, went into the woods to the rebellious peasants under the leadership of revolutionary Antonov A.S. , who had been a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party since 1907. Antonov himself in July 1918 for political reasons left the post of chief of the Kirsanov district police and with like-minded people and weapons went underground. Then the local policeman Pyotr Tokmakov and the Inokovsky police chief of the third district, Ivan Semenovich Zaev, who previously helped Antonov make weapon caches near Inokovka and Chernavka, left Inokovka as partisans. ^[five]

At the end of 1919 in Inokovka, Tokmakov himself and the Antonov brothers were tracked down in the Tokmakov house. Local communists and police surrounded the house. Nobody came to the call, and the doors were locked. Then they brought kerosene and lit the house. But the rebels managed to escape, jumping out of the windows and firing back.

By the beginning of 1919, 50 food detachments from large cities were operating in the Tambov province . The peasants were indignant at the arbitrariness in determining the volume of supplies, the abuse of brute force.

In 1920, when the region was affected by drought, by winter the peasants of the three most bakery counties (Kirsanovsky, Tambovsky and Borisoglebsky) were starving, because about 12 million pounds of grain were collected, and the surplus was not reduced, requiring 11.5 million pounds throughout the province . ^[6]

The date of the beginning of the grand Tambov uprising in the Tambov region is considered to be August 1920, when the peasants defeated the next food detachment in the Tambov district and then the special detachment to combat desertion. On August 25, 1920, Antonov took over the leadership of the uprising - he began arming the population from his hiding places.

A resident of the village of Inokovka Cavalier George Tokmakov (former lieutenant of the tsarist army) was the right hand of the peasant ataman Antonov, chairman of the Union of Labor Peasantry (STK). In November 1920, he became commander of the United Partisan Army, that is, in fact the leader of the rebellious peasants of the Tambov province. He died in battle in the first half of 1921.

Ruthless and merciless Antonov rebels were to the "hard-headed" communists - they executed captured commissars, red commanders, food detachment leaders in response to grain robberies, burnt houses and executions of hostages from local residents. The simple Red Army rebels tried to lure into their troops. In Inokovka, the peak of this blood feud was the “nightmare night” of July 25, 1920, when Antonov’s raids were carried out on the village, cutting out practically all of the “Soviet power”. During this massacre 17 people died. The only survivor was the chairman of the executive committee V.E. Bondarenko. But, having received severe wounds, he did not live long. A monument was erected to the victims of this tragedy in the village (now on the school grounds). The mass grave of the dead is also located there. ^[7] According to the local VIC (Volspolkom) who died of starvation from January to May 1922: Parevka - 154, Chernavka - 90, Krasivka - 75, Bogdanovka - 161, Rzhaksa - 12, Grad-Umet - 3, Inokovka - 16 people etc. ^[8] .

In 1922, an unofficial campaign was held to seize the state of church values, including under the guise of helping the starving. According to the seizure report on May 20, 1922 (in the city of Kirsanov and the county) in the village of Inokovka, 1 pound 23 lbs. 75z was requisitioned. 18d For comparison: in the large village of Inzhavino - silver 1pud 32lbs. 54z. 24d ^[9]

By 1929, in the first Inokovka, six agricultural partnerships were formed, transformed in 1930 into 3 collective farms, united in 1950 into the Kuibyshev collective farm. In 1935, the village was finally divided into land plots into two villages: the first and second Inokovka.

The last pre-war priest in the 1st Inokovka was Nikolay Krotkov, who served in the church in the 1920s, was arrested under article 58-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR in 1937, and the sentence was 10 years in camps. ^[ten]

During the years of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the monasticists contributed to the defeat of Nazi fascism. Two natives of this village were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union for their heroism and steadfastness shown in battles with the enemy. These are K. M. Amzin (posthumous) and I. I. Sizintsev .

In 1947, according to the data from the Information and Reference of the RICs on existing churches. 1948 ”, not a single church worked in both Inokovka. In the 1st Inokovka the temple was completely destroyed, in the 2nd - turned into a warehouse for grain. ^[eleven]

By the mid-1970s, there were four schools in both Inokovka, a hospital, a pharmacy, a feldsher-midwife station, six shops, a bakery, an oil mill, a creamery, and two cultural houses. In the 1st Inokovka, the director of one of the schools was A. Ya. Dubovitskaya. The head of the Inokovo hospital was I.M. Bulgakov. The chairman of the village council (uniting both Inokovka) since the 1960s has long been Nikolai Terentyevich Dedov, a war invalid, an order bearer. ^[12]

Kolkhoz them. Kuybysheva (now Inokovsky SKHPK) took the lead in the region with the advent of the former front-line soldier Alexei Stratonovich Pominov in the mid-1970s, who managed to maintain the socio-economic base of the economy during the perestroika period. [6]

A memorial complex (named) was built near the village cemetery in honor of the fallen villagers in the Great Patriotic War.

Now the village of 1st Inokovka is the administrative center of the Inokovo rural settlement , which combines the First and Second Inokovka.

According to the 2015 census, about 1,000 people live in a rural settlement. Mainly engaged in agriculture and beekeeping.

Gas is delivered to the village. There is a secondary school (Ploshchad street, 1) - a branch of the municipal budgetary educational institution “Uvarovshchinskaya secondary school” with about 60 students. [7]

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  Kirsanovsky district, village of Inokovka-1, view from the north (2012).

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  Kirsanovsky district, village of Inokovka-1. Inokovsky Village Council.

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  Kirsanovsky district, village of Innokovka-1, comprehensive school (2018)

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  Kirsanovsky district, village of Inokovka-1, view from the south towards Kirsanov (2016).

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  Kirsanovsky district, village of Inokovka-1. View from the north (2016).

• Tokmakov P. M. - lieutenant, one of the main leaders of the Tambov peasant uprising .
• Amzin K.M. - Guard sergeant, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• Sizintsev I.I. - major, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union.

• HISTORY OF THE KIRSANOV DISTRICT
• Inokovsky Village Council
• The history of the spiritual life of the village of the 2nd Inokovka