Vsevolod Vasilievich Antonov-Romanovsky ( February 25, 1908 in Liege , Belgium - October 1, 2006 ) - Soviet physicist , awarded the gold medal named after S. I. Vavilov
Vsevolod Vasilievich Antonov-Romanovsky | |
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Date of Birth | February 25, 1908 |
Place of Birth | Liege , Belgium |
Date of death | October 1, 2006 (98 years old) |
A country | Russian Empire → USSR → Russia |
Scientific field | luminescence |
Place of work | LPI |
Alma mater | MSU |
Academic degree | doctor of physical and mathematical sciences |
supervisor | S. I. Vavilov |
Famous students | I. B. Keirim-Marcus |
Awards and prizes | Gold medal named after S.I. Vavilov |
Biography
Born February 25, 1908 in Liege , Belgium , in a family of revolutionaries. Father - Vasily G. Antonov .
In 1908 (on the advice of Lunacharsky ), the family moved to Italy and lived there until 1917.
In the fall of 1917, they returned to Russia.
1920-1922 - life in Chita, Vladivostok, since his father was one of the leaders of the Far Eastern Republic (FER).
Then again, life abroad, where my father worked in various positions.
Since 1924 - lives with relatives in the city of Shchigry, Kursk Region , where he graduated from school in 1925.
In 1926, he entered the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow State University , majoring in Theoretical Physics, which he graduated in November 1930.
In 1929, when he passed the practical work in physics, he met S. I. Vavilov .
After graduation, together with his former classmates V.A. Fabrikant , Vladimir Morozov, Victor Ginzburg, Valentin Pulver, he was assigned to the lighting laboratory of the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute .
The first scientific work was published in 1930.
From 1932 to 1933 he worked at the NIIF MSU.
From 1933 to 1936 - graduate school of NIIF Moscow State University, the theme of the dissertation: "The law of phosphorus attenuation."
From a letter from S. I. Vavilov to Academician N. P. Gorbunov :
<...> I had the opportunity to follow the work and development of Antonov for 6 years and I can say that he developed a good physicist experimenter with independent theoretical thought and initiative and the ability to experiment rationally. Such a physicist is very needed by the Phosphorescence Laboratory of the Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, which is the only laboratory on this subject in the USSR. <...>
From 1936 to 1940 - Doctorate of the Lebedev Physical Institute, the theme of the dissertation: "The mechanism of phosphorus glow."
From 1935, he worked at the Lebedev Physical Institute , from 1940 to 1981, as a senior research fellow, then as a senior research fellow and consultant.
During the war years - in evacuation in Kazan, together with V.L. Levshin , Z. L. Morgenstern and Z. A. Trapeznikova set up the production of infrared binoculars BI-8 and BI-12.
Together with I. B. Keirim-Marcus, he developed gamma radiation dosimeters, which were later used in the first space flights.
In the fifties of the 20th century, in collaboration with B. I. Stepanov , M. V. Fock and I. P. Hapalyuk, he published an article “The output of the luminescence of a system with three energy levels”, which described an open phenomenon called “Negative Luminescence” .
In 1966, a monograph was published: “The Kinetics of Photoluminescence of Crystallophosphors”.
Interesting Facts
After a severe heart attack, he started to run, and at first for short distances, and then from home to work, when the total mileage approached 40 thousand km, the institute staff arranged a solemn finish. In total, he ran over 100 thousand km.
At 70, he conquered the Pamir with a backpack weighing 35 kg.
Awards
Order of the Red Banner of Labor
Medal "For Labor Valor" (1945)
Stalin Prize, II degree (1952)
Order of the Badge of Honor (1953)
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
Prize named after L.I. Mandelshtam (together with V.L. Levshin , Z. L. Morgenstern and Z. A. Trapeznikova , in 1947) - for the study of phosphors sensitive to infrared rays
Gold medal named after S.I. Vavilov (1985) - for work on the recombination luminescence of a solid
Links
- Antonov-Romanovsky, Vsevolod Vasilievich on the official website of the RAS
- To the history of the Lebedev Physical Institute. Series Portraits. Issue 1. Vsevolod Vasilievich Antonov-Romanovsky (Pdf). books.lebedev.ru. Date of treatment March 31, 2016.
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Physical Institute named after P.N. Lebedeva of the Russian Academy of Sciences . lebedev.ru. Date accessed March 31, 2016. (unavailable link)