Ummah Khan IV ( Avar. Gumakhan ; died at the end of 1735 or early 1736 ) is the ruler of the Avar Khanate of the beginning of the 18th century, the father of Muhammad Nutsal the Brave and the grandfather of Ummah Khan the Mad [1] .
| Ummah Khan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| avar. Gumakhan | |||||||
| |||||||
| Predecessor | Muhammad Nutsal III | ||||||
| Successor | Ankal Khan I | ||||||
| Birth | Hunzah | ||||||
| Death | 1735/1736 | ||||||
| Father | Bulach Senior | ||||||
| Children | Muhammad Nutsal IV , Muhammad Mirza, Bulach the Younger | ||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||
Biography
According to Khunzakh legends, Umma Khan, nicknamed the Elder Bulach, the son of Dugru-nutsal. Relying on written sources and drawing on the mentioned traditions, one can make an assumption, however, that Umma Khan was the son of Bulach , the son of Dugri-Nutsal II . [2]
As a representative of the Avar Nutsals [1], he ascended the throne in 1722, after the death of Muhammadnutsal III [4] . In 1722, the Jar Avars seized Tiflis with an attack, which was supposed to pay an indemnity of 60 thousand fogs [5] [6] [7] .
As the ruler of the accident, “called Avar-utzmey or utzmey over the Avars; his name is Umu-khan ”he is mentioned under 1727 and 1728 [8] . In a letter addressed to a certain Kulizan (Kulizan), written no earlier than 1730, this Avar ruler refers to himself as the Sultan of the Khunzakhites (Khunz) Ummah Khan. [9] . In 1142, in hijra (1729/1730), "in the village of Kakh Umma-khan-nusal killed two of his brothers - Khankalav and Muhammad" [10] .
In 1148, according to the Hijra (1735/1736) [10] , Ummah Khan made a trip to Tarkovsky shamshalstvo , but was defeated in battle and, according to one version, died in battle [11] , according to another, he died from wounds, through some time [12] .
After his death, his young sons Muhammad-nutsal and Muhammad-Mirza ascended the Avar throne, who “remained in peace and harmony, shared thoughts and acted like one person” [13] . Seniority in government, however, belonged to Muhammad Nutsal. According to another version, in connection with their infancy, they were accompanied by the regents / co-rulers Ankal Khan I , Nutsal Khan II and Mahmud Khan I [14] .
Notes
Comments
- ↑ Nutsal - title of the Khans of Accident [3]
Sources
- ↑ Aitberov, 1986 , p. 154.
- ↑ Aitberov, 1986 , p. 154.
- ↑ Bronevsky, 2004 , p. 411.
- ↑ Aitberov, 1986 , p. 153.
- ↑ Error in footnotes ? : Invalid
<ref>; for footnotesТрадиционные институтыtext not specified - ↑ Error in footnotes ? : Invalid
<ref>; for footnotesИсторический сборникnot specified text - ↑ I.P. Petrushevsky . Jaro-Belakan free societies in the first third of the 19th century: internal structure and struggle against the Russian colonial offensive. - Tf. , 1934. - S. 15.
- ↑ Gerber I.G. Description of countries and peoples along the western coast of the Caspian Sea, 1728 - In the book: History, Geography and Ethnography of Dagestan of the 18th - 19th centuries. (hereinafter: IED) / Ed. O. Cosvena and H.M. Khashaeva. M., 1958, p. 113
- ↑ Hands. IJAL fund, f. 15, No. 1545
- ↑ 1 2 Aitberov T. M. Sources on the history of the Accident of the XVI-XVII centuries. - The development of feudal relations in Dagestan. Makhachkala, 1980. pages 188-190
- ↑ A BRIEF HISTORICAL VIEW OF NORTHERN AND MIDDLE DAGESTAN BEFORE DESTRUCTING THE INFLUENCE OF LEZGINS ON THE TRANSCAST. Excerpt from the manuscript of Lieutenant Colonel Neverovsky
- ↑ Ilyasov, 1997 , p. 7.
- ↑ Genichutlinsky X. Historical, biographical and historical essays . - Mh. : DSC RAS , 1992. - S. 38-39.
- ↑ [1]
Literature
- IlyasovKh. I. Kazi-Kumukh khans . - Mh. : Type. Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997 .-- 185 p.
- Aitberov T. M. Materials on the chronology and genealogy of the rulers of the accident // Sources of medieval Dagestan. - Mh. , 1986. - S. 153-154.
- Bobrovnikov V.V. Violence and power in the historical memory of the Muslim borderland // Empire and nation in the mirror of historical memory. - M .: New Publishing House, 2011 .-- S. 168. - 416 p. - ISBN 978-5-98379-146-6 .
- Bronevsky S. M. Historical extracts on the relations of Russia with Persia, Georgia and generally with the mountain peoples who have lived in the Caucasus since Ivan Vasilievich until now // The latest news about the Caucasus, collected and supplemented by Semyon Bronevsky. - SPb. : Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2004. - ISBN 5-85803-025-4 .
- Ilyasov Kh. I. Kazi-Kumukh khans . - Mh. : Type. Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997 .-- 185 p.