Manipul ( lat. Manipulum from lat. Manus , hand) - a detail of the liturgical vestments of the Catholic cleric . A strip of fabric is about 30-50 cm long and 5-10 cm wide with a cross embroidered in the center. It is put on the left hand during the mass . Almost out of use in the second half of the XX century.
Description
The manipulator is worn on the left wrist in such a way that the ends of the tape hang from the hand. Fastens with ties or pins. It is made of silk. The wearing of the maniple was allowed only during the mass and by clergy not lower than the subdeacon .
History
Probably dates back to the ancient Roman shawl mappa, designed to wipe the face and hands. The first mention of the use of the maniple in the worship of the Roman rite is contained in Liber Pontificalis . The practice of wearing the maniple during the mass was widespread in the West by the 11th century , and it was held in the left hand; the tradition of tying maniples around the left wrist appeared no earlier than the 13th century.
The shape and form of the manipulum changed greatly over time, this detail of the liturgical vestments acquired the usual form only at the end of the XIV century. Since that time, a tradition appeared to wear a maniple painted in the liturgical color of the day.
Since clerics from the subdeacon and above were traditionally worn by maniples, the solemn presentation of the maniple became one of the elements of the rite of delivery to the subdeacon.
Bishops wore maniples before the Confiteor prayer (lat. Confess) at the altar. Other clergymen put on maniples in the sacristy before the liturgy.
During the liturgical reform after the Second Vatican Council, the use of the manipulator became optional. Currently, he has completely disappeared from the liturgical practice of the ordinary Roman rite and is preserved only in the communities of traditionalist Catholics .
Literature
- "Manipul" // Catholic Encyclopedia . T.3, p. 93-94.
- Joseph Braun "Maniple" // Catholic_Encyclopedia (1913 )