Koroleva, Natalena Andrianovna

Born March 3, 1888 in the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña ( Spanish: San Pedro de Cardeña ) of the Spanish municipality of Castrillo del Val of the province of Castile-Leon , her full name in Spanish tradition is Carmen Alfonso Fernanda Estrella Natalena. Nathalena's mother, descended from an old Spanish family - Maria Clara de Castro Lacherda Medinaceli, died in childbirth; father - Polish count Adrian-Yuri Dunin-Borkovsky, was engaged in archeology and lived mainly in France. Her father gave Natalen upbringing at the Notre-Dame de Sion monastery in the French Pyrenees, where she spent eleven years. Here she studied foreign languages, philosophy, history, medicine and music. At this time, his father remarried to Lyudmila Los, who came from a noble Czech family and had an estate in the town of Krasnoye now in the Lviv region . When the stepmother settled in Kiev, she wanted Natalena to continue her studies here, and in the fall of 1904 the girl came to Kiev . Not knowing the Russian language, but remembering Ukrainian and a little Polish, she entered the Kiev Institute of Noble Maidens , for which she mastered Russian. She graduated from the institute in two years; in Kiev, Natalena also took music lessons from the Ukrainian composer Nikolai Lysenko .

When the family moved to St. Petersburg , Natalena continued her education here, graduating from the archaeological institute, and receiving a doctorate in archeology for works on Lithuanian history, then became interested in Egyptology and at the same time studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts , after which she received the diploma of “ free artist ”. Parents, seeing that their daughter had matured, looked for her groom - a hussar, the captain of the Russian army. But the girl did not want to get married and entered the St. Petersburg Mikhailovsky Theater , and then signed a contract with the Parisian Théâtre du Gymnase , which then toured the Russian capital. But the theatrical career of Natalena did not take place due to her poor health. Leaving the scene, she was treated in Transcaucasia , and then left for Western Europe to continue treatment and to engage in art and archeology. She traveled to the countries of Europe and the Middle East , again performed a little in opera houses in Paris and Venice , took part in the archaeological site of Pompeii and in Egypt . Since 1909, Natalena Koroleva began to speak with works of art and scientific articles in French literary and scientific journals .

The First World War found Koroleva in Kiev, where she was with her sick father, who died very soon. As a citizen who came from abroad, she could not go back, becoming the sister of mercy of the Russian army from the Red Cross society. Almost three years she was on the fronts of the war - she received the St. George Cross (for the fact that during the enemy shelling she remained in position with wounded soldiers), three wounds, suffered from typhoid and pneumonia. During the war, she married an officer of the Russian army and an Iranian citizen who served in the " Wild Division " - Iskander Gakgamanish ibn Kurush, who died near Warsaw. Having sent the coffin with her husband’s body to Iran , Koroleva returned to Kiev and stopped at her stepmother, who soon became ill and died. Natalena was left without parents. She went to Prague, where she began working in the public education system. Here I met with the Ukrainian writer Vasily Konstantinovich Koroliv , whom she knew in Kiev. They got married and bought a house on the outskirts of the town of Melnik , near Prague . Here the couple lived until the end of their days. V.K. Koroliv died in 1943. Natalena Koroleva devoted all her subsequent life to literary work, starting to write in Ukrainian.

Died July 1, 1966 in the town of Melnik, Central Bohemian Region, Czechoslovakia, now Czech Republic. She was buried in the cemetery of St. Wenceslas.

In 2010, in Lviv, the writer Yuri Vinnichuk presented one of the latest editions of Natalena Koroleva, in which he was the compiler ( Queen Natalena. Create: Autobiography. Ancestor. Without root / Order. Yu. Vinnichuk. - Lviv: Kamenyar, 2009. - 419 p. ), from the Ukrainian series “Spadshchina” ( Russian “Heritage” ). ^[2]

• Mikitenko O. I. Koroleva Natalena Andrianivna // Ukrainian Literature Encyclopedia: At 5 t. - K .: Ukrainian encyclopedia im. M.P. Bazhan, 1990 .-- T. 2 .-- S. 570.
• Bikovskiy L. Natalena Koroleva ( ит ж ит life and creativity) // Visvoly shlyah. - 1962. - No. 1. - S. 65–71.
• Queen Natalena. Create: Autobiography. Ancestor. Without root / Order. Y. Vinnichuk. - Lviv: Kamenyar, 2009 .-- 419 p. - (Seriya "Spadshchina").

• Koroleva Natalena Andrianovna
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