Khir Ranja ( W -Panj. ਹੀਰ ਰਾਂਝਾ , W -Panj. ہیر رانجھا , hīr rāñjhā) is one of several popular tragic works of the Punjab , on par with Mirza Sahib and Sohni Mahival [1] . There are several poetic narratives of this story. The most famous is “Khir” by Varis Shah, written in 1766. He talks about the love of Hir and her beloved Ranji [2] .
Content
Excerpt from the Poem
Address at the beginning of one of the versions [3] (Legends of the Punjab RC Temple, Roop and Company, Volume Two, p. 606) excerpt from Hir Ranja
Transfer
The first name of Allah and the second Great Muhammad, his prophet.
Thirdly, take the surname of father and mother whose milk is in my body.
Fourth, take the name of bread and water, the use of which the heart pleased.
Fifth, take the name of Mother Earth, on which my feet step.
Sixth, take the name of Hwaja (Khizr, Holy), which gives me cold water to drink.
Seventh, take the name of Guru Mountains Nath, who worships a saucer of milk and rice.
Eighth, the name of Lalanwala, who breaks the bonds and chains of prisoners.
Summary
Beauty Heer was born into a wealthy Jial family of the Sial tribe in Djanga (now it is the Punjab ). Ranja (whose name is Dido and Ranja is the last name), also a Jat of the Ranja tribe, was the youngest of four brothers and lived in the village of Takht Khazar, Pakistan , on the banks of the Chinab River. He was the beloved son of his father, unlike his brothers, who had to work, he led a nonchalant life, playing the flute ( Bansuri ). After a quarrel with his brothers over the land, Ranja left home. In the version of Varis Shah's epic, Ranja left his home because his brothers and wives refused to give him food. In the end, he arrives in the village of Hir and falls in love with her. Father Heer offers him a job - grazing cattle. Heer is fascinated by his flute playing and also falls in love with him. They met secretly for many years until their parents, Khir, Chuchak and Malki, as well as Uncle Kaido, caught them. Parents and a local priest (Mulawi) force Heer to marry Said Kher.
Ranja is heartbroken. He wandered around the neighborhood alone, until in the end he met yogis (ascetics). After meeting with Nata Mountains, the founder of Kanfat (ear piercing) from the yoga sect on Tilla Jojian (in the ascetic hill located 50 miles north of the historical city of Bhera, Sargodha district , Punjab), Ranja becomes a yogi, pierces his ears and renounces from the material world. Chanting the name of the Lord ( Rabb ), he wanders around the Punjab and comes to the village where Hir now lives.
Returning together to the village where his parents live, they receive their consent to marriage. However, on the day of the wedding, Kaido poisons Hir's food so that the wedding does not take place. Upon learning this, Ranja rushes to Hir's aid, but too late, as she has already eaten the poison and died. Heartbroken, Ranja eats the remaining poisonous sweets laddu that Hir ate, and dies next to her.
Khir and Ranja are buried in Khir's hometown, Djanga. Lovers often visit their mausoleum.
Varis Shah Version
It is believed that the poem of Hir and Ranja had a happy ending, but Varis Shah changed it to the tragic one described above, thereby giving it the status of the legend that he now uses. At the beginning of his version, Varis Shah argued that the history of Hir and Ranji has a deeper implication - in the tireless desire of man (s) to God.
Varis Shah wrote his poems inspired by folklore, about 200 years after the event, which took place near the city of Jang , Punjab during the rulers of the Lodi dynasty (1451-1526), obviously, even before the Moguls came to India . Some historians claim that Varis Shah wrote a poem in 1766. Some historians claim that the intensity of the experiences and the depth of his lyrics were inspired by his love for a woman named Bhaag Bhari . Varis Shah was born in 1722 and died in 1798.
Films
Based on the poem, several feature films were shot between 1928 and 2013 [4] [5] .
| Year | Title | In the role of heer | In the role of Ranji | Producer and Director | Lyricist and composer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 | Heer Ranja | Zubeida | Fatima Begum | ||
| 1932 | Heer Ranja | Rafik Ghazavi | Anvari Bai | Abdul Rashid Kardar | Rafik Ghaznavi |
| 1948 | Heer Ranja | Mumtaz Shanti | Gulam Mohammed | Vali Sahib | Aziz Khan |
| 1955 | Heir | Svaran Lata | Inayat Hussein Bhatti | Nazir Ahmed Khan | Khazin Kadri, Safdar Hussein |
| 1962 | Heer Sial | Bahar Begum | Sudhir | ||
| 1965 | Heer Sial | Firdaus | Akmal Khan | Jafar Bukhari | Tanvir Nakvi, Bakhshi Wazir |
| 1970 | Heer Ranja | Firdaus | Ejaz Durrani | Masood Pervez | Ahmad Rahi, Khurshid Anwar |
| 1970 | Heir Raanja | Priya Rajvans | Raj Kumar | Cetan anand | Kaifi Azmi, Madan Mohan |
| 1992 | Heer Ranja | Sridevi | Anil Kapoor | Harmesh Malhotra | Anand Bakshi, Laxmicant Pyarelal |
| 2009 | Disappointment | Niru Bajwa | Harbajan Mann | Harjit singh | Babu Sinh Mann, Gourmeet Singh |
Notes
- ↑ History of Heer Ranjha on historyinworld.com website . Retrieved 1 March 2016
- ↑ Heer Ranjha, research paper on epic poem written by Waris Shah in 1766 on Academy of the Punjab in North America website (link unavailable) , Retrieved March 1, 2016
- ↑ In Waris Shah's version there is an added invocation to the famous Panj peer or five saints
- ↑ List of many films made on the love story of Heer Ranjha on IMDb website , Retrieved 1 March 2016
- ↑ List of many films made on the love story of Heer Ranjha on Complete Index To World Film website , Retrieved 1 March 2016
Links
- Read online Hir Varis Shah by Peeran Dita Targarh in Urdu .
- Complete Hir Varis Shah in the language of Shahmukhi .
- Bhere small historical city in Pakistan