Thrombophlebitis (from thrombus and phlebitis ) - thrombosis with inflammation of the vein wall and the formation of a thrombus that closes its lumen.
| Thrombophlebitis | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10 | I 80. , I 82.1 |
| ICD-10-KM | |
| ICD-9 | 451 |
| ICD-9-KM | and |
| Medlineplus | 001108 |
| Mesh | D013924 |
Content
- 1 Causes of Thrombophlebitis
- 2 Types of thrombophlebitis
- 3 Diagnostics
- 4 Treatment
- 5 See also
- 6 notes
Causes of Thrombophlebitis
A complex of reasons lies in the development of the disease:
- infection
- hereditary and acquired tendency of blood to form blood clots (coagulopathy or thrombophilia )
- slowing blood flow
- decrease in body reactivity
- violation of the integrity of the walls of blood vessels (vein injury )
- change in blood composition
Thrombophlebitis is sometimes a complication of childbirth, various operations, infectious diseases, and malignant neoplasms.
Types of Thrombophlebitis
Distinguish thrombophlebitis of superficial, often varicose (see. Varicose veins ), and deep veins; The veins of the lower extremities and the small pelvis are most often affected, less often - the hollow, portal , hepatic .
Acute thrombophlebitis is manifested by pain in the area of thrombosed veins, fever, chills. Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins is characterized by painful seals with reddening of the skin along the veins; for deep vein thrombophlebitis - edema of the limb due to a sharp violation of the venous outflow. Purulent thrombus fusion and the spread of infection with a blood stream is called septic thrombophlebitis. A chronic course of thrombophlebitis with periodic exacerbations is possible. The most dangerous complication of thrombophlebitis is the detachment of a thrombus (or part thereof) and getting into the pulmonary artery (see Embolism , Pulmonary artery thromboembolism ).
The location of the inflamed area is known for thrombophlebitis of the lower and upper extremities, thrombophlebitis of the vessels of internal organs.
Diagnostics
- Ultrasound diagnostic methods ( dopplerography and duplex, triplex angioscanning of veins, ultrasound sonoelastography).
- Computed tomography , CT angiography .
- Blood tests, including coagulological blood tests.
All patients with acute or recurring thrombophlebitis should have a chest x-ray to rule out pulmonary embolism.
Treatment
The treatment of thrombophlebitis depends on the stage and form of the disease. In cases where thrombophlebitis is caused by improper injection, alcohol compresses and anticoagulants (for example, heparin ointment ) are used. In infectious etiology, antibiotics are used, in severe cases, surgery and other methods. Parnaparin sodium preparations can also be used: Acute superficial thrombophlebitis, varicophlebitis: 0.6 ml (6400 anti-Xa ME) or 0.4 ml (4250 anti-Xa ME) or 0.3 ml (3200 anti-Xa ME ) depending on the severity of the disease 1 time per day for at least 20 days. [3]
See also
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
Notes
- ↑ Disease Ontology release 2019-05-13 - 2019-05-13 - 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 Monarch Disease Ontology release 2018-06-29sonu - 2018-06-29 - 2018.
- ↑ Fluxum® (Fluxum) - instructions for use, composition, drug analogues, dosages, side effects . www.rlsnet.ru. Date of treatment June 18, 2019.