Zirconium (II) Chloride

Zirconium chloride
Zirconium chloride
Are common
Systematic ; name	Zirconium (II) Chloride
Chem. formula	ZrCl 2
Physical properties
condition	crystal
Molar mass	162.13 g / mol
Density	3.6 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	722 ° C
T. bale.	decomp. ° C
Enthalpy of Education	−404.6 kJ / mol
Classification
Reg. CAS number	13762-26-0
PubChem
Smiles
Inchi
ChemSpider

Zirconium (II) chloride (zirconium dichloride) is a binary inorganic compound, a salt of zirconium metal and hydrochloric acid with the chemical formula ZrCl ₂ . The substance is black.

Content

Getting

It is formed during the reduction of zirconium tetrachloride to trichloride (when heated to 350 ° C in a sealed tube with aluminum powder in the presence of aluminum chloride) and the disproportionation of zirconium trichloride during its further heating without air ^[1] :

{\mathsf {3ZrCl_{4}+Al\ {\xrightarrow[{AlCl_{3}}]{350^{o}C}}\ 3ZrCl_{3}+AlCl_{3}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {3ZrCl_ {4} + Al \ {\ xrightarrow [{AlCl_ {3}}] {350 ^ {o} C}} \ 3ZrCl_ {3} + AlCl_ {3}}}}

{\mathsf {2ZrCl_{3}{\xrightarrow {T^{o}C}}\ ZrCl_{4}+ZrCl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2ZrCl_ {3} {\ xrightarrow {T ^ {o} C}} \ ZrCl_ {4} + ZrCl_ {2}}}}

It is formed by heating zirconium in pairs of zirconium tetrachloride ^[1] :

{\mathsf {Zr+ZrCl_{4}{\xrightarrow {T^{o}C}}\ 2ZrCl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Zr + ZrCl_ {4} {\ xrightarrow {T ^ {o} C}} \ 2ZrCl_ {2}}}}

Physical Properties

It forms black crystals with a density of 3.6 g / cm ³ . Slightly soluble in alcohol and benzene . When heated, it dissolves in concentrated acids. Melting point 722 ° C, decomposes below boiling point. Heat capacity C 0
p = 74 J / (mol · K) , enthalpy of formation Δ H 0
arr = −404.6 kJ / mol , entropy S 0
298 = 110 J / (mol · K) ^[2] .

Usage

There is a method for the separation of zirconium and hafnium based on the different stability of their lower chlorides (in particular, dichlorides) ^[3] ^[4] . The separation of zirconium from hafnium, which is close in chemical properties but has a high thermal neutron capture cross section, is important for the production of nuclear reactors.

Notes

↑ ¹ ² Remy G. Course of inorganic chemistry . - M: Mir, 1966. - T. 2. - S. 86.
↑ Rakov E.G. Zirconium halides // Chemical Encyclopedia: 5 t / N. Zefirov (Ch. Ed.) . - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1998. - V. 5: Tryptophan — Yatrochemistry. - S. 386-387. - 783 s. - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-310-9 .
↑ Yagodin G.A., Sinegribova O.A., Chekmarev A.M. Technology of rare metals in atomic engineering. Textbook for universities. Ed. B.V. Gromova. - M .: Atomizdat, 1974, 344 p. - S. 90-91.
↑ Sheka I.A., Karlysheva K.F. Chemistry of hafnium. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1974. - S. 45–46.

[rem66-1] ¹ ² Remy G. Course of inorganic chemistry . - M: Mir, 1966. - T. 2. - S. 86.

[he-2] Rakov E.G. Zirconium halides // Chemical Encyclopedia: 5 t / N. Zefirov (Ch. Ed.) . - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1998. - V. 5: Tryptophan — Yatrochemistry. - S. 386-387. - 783 s. - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-310-9 .

[3] Yagodin G.A., Sinegribova O.A., Chekmarev A.M. Technology of rare metals in atomic engineering. Textbook for universities. Ed. B.V. Gromova. - M .: Atomizdat, 1974, 344 p. - S. 90-91.

[4] Sheka I.A., Karlysheva K.F. Chemistry of hafnium. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1974. - S. 45–46.