Munte, Holm

Holm Münte was born into the family of the statesman, Minister of Defense of Norway (three times with interruptions of 1877–1879, 1880–1881 and 1881–1884) , and his wife Emilia Karen, nee Hansen. He is a relative of the Norwegian artist Gerhard Munte .

The path to becoming Holm Munte as an architect was typical of Norway at that time. In the early 1870s, Munte worked as an apprentice in an architectural workshop, he also studied at the Royal School of Painting (Tegneskolen) with a German-Norwegian architect and graphic artist . In 1872-1877 he studied at the University of Hanover (Polytechnische Institut) in Germany, and until 1878 he was an apprentice to an architect from Hildesheim, Konrad Wilhelm Hase.

Upon his return to Norway, Munte had a joint architectural practice with in 1878-1885. They mainly engaged in the construction of churches when the customer Ingebrigt Holm turned to them. Ingebrigt Holm was a doctor from Larvik , in the vicinity of the mineral lake , and a popularizer of balneotherapy . In the years 1881-1883, two objects were built under the contract. In Wick, a suburb of Oslo, the Christiania Bad bathing complex was built, demolished in the early 1930s. In Larvik, the Larvik Bad sanatorium was built, including baths, a spa, a dining room, a music room, a library, and a billiard room. “Larvik Bad” was performed with national characteristics and became a prelude to the development of the so-called dragestile, literally the style of the dragon. This building is also lost.

In 1883, Munte performed another work that developed the development of dragestil. By order of Saugbrugsforeningen, the largest logging company at that time, gates were built that served as a passage to the art and industry exhibition at the Royal Palace in Oslo. Subsequently, they received the name of the gate of King Oscar II , as they were transferred to the personal royal collection of national wooden architecture. This collection served as the basis for the , the gates themselves were at one time used as an entrance to the open-air museum ^[1] .

Ingebrigt Holm's business, meanwhile, went uphill. In 1887, he turned to Munte with the idea of ​​translating his intentions in the field of recreational tourism. In 1889, two facilities were built in Holmenkollen - the guest house “Peysestuen” by the pond for boat trips. And the sports and recreation complex "Holmenkollen Touristhotel", which was popular in summer and winter. In the winter season, not least, due to the construction of a ski jump in Holmenkollen in 1892. In 1895, on the night of March 31 ^[2] the Holmenkollen Touristhotel was almost completely destroyed by fire, due to the fire resulting from the careless use of wax candles, only the restaurant building remained. In 1894, the Holmenkollen Sanatorium was built in Holmenkollen, now the according to the project of Balthazar Lange , it partially replaced the one destroyed by fire. In 1896, according to the project of the architect Ole Sverre, the Holmenkollen Touristhotel II was built there, which died in the fire in 1909.

In the years 1890-1891, two more dragon-style creations were created at the initiative of the Oslo municipal authorities according to the designs of Holm Munte. Both buildings had the functional significance of restaurants located in places where there were always many tourists and local residents.

The first object, “Restaurant St. Hanshaugen,” was located in the park of the same name, which gave the name to one of the Oslo . The building died on fire in 1936.

The second Frognerseteren Restaurant facility was built in the locality of the same name in the vicinity of Oslo. This building is the most famous work of Holm Munte. It has survived to the present day, but not in its original form. In 1909, after the death of Holm Münte, the building was partially rebuilt and its area was enlarged with the participation of Balthazar Lange.

In 1890, Holmenkollen, during a state visit to Oslo, visited the Prussian Kaiser Wilhelm II . He was touched by what he saw, and ordered the construction of buildings in Prussia in the same style.

So, in 1891-1895, according to the project of Holm Munte, in the vicinity of Potsdam, the was built for river walks on the banks of the Havel . It consisted of the apartments of William II and several buildings for staff. Most of the buildings died during the Second World War.

The second complex of buildings was built in Romintenskaya Pushcha, now in the vicinity of the village of Raduzhnoye (Rominty), Kaliningrad Region . In this place used to be the hunting grounds of the ruling persons. William II ordered the construction of a hunting estate here. The architects were Holm Munte and Ole Sverre. ^[3] The buildings were assembled in Norway, then dismantled and loaded onto ships and transported across the Baltic Sea to Königsberg . Further delivery was carried out by rail. ^[4] Construction work was completed in 1893. The estate was also badly damaged during the war.

Since 1885, Munte taught at the Royal School of Drawing (Tegneskolen). Munte was chairman of the Union of Engineers and Architects of Norway, and also a board member of the Norwegian Museum of Architecture. In 1898, Holm Münte was appointed Oslo's chief architect, but he died without taking office at the age of 50. This year, he completed the construction of two red brick schools in Oslo. As chief architect, he was replaced by comrade-in-arms Balthazar Lange. Balthazar Lange and Olle Sverre, who worked in Holmenkollen, are considered dragon-style students and followers of Münte, but they have also been successful in other architectural styles. Another student of Munte, who successfully worked in dragestyle, was Karl Martin Norum.

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  Laurvik Bad, photo 1880–90s

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  Gate of King Oscar II, photo 1883

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  Restaurant St. Hanshaugen, photo 1900s

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  Restaurant St. Hanshaugen, photo 1900s

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  Peysestuen Guest House, photo 1890s

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  "Sportsstuen", photo 1890s

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  Sailor Station Kongsnæs, photo 1910s

• Balthazar Conrad Lange
• Ingebrigt Christian Holm

• Norsk biografisk leksikon: Holm Munthe (Norwegian)
• Holm Hansen Munthe (1848–1898) (Norwegian)