Baritone saxophone or Baritone saxophone is one of the largest instruments in the saxophone family, second only to bass, double bass and sub-bass saxophone. Often used in academic music , jazz and military, mainly marching, music.
| Baritone saxophone | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Range (and order) | Sax range.svg spelling range for all varieties |
| Classification | reed woodwind musical instrument with single cane |
| Related tools | Oboe , clarinet |
A musical instrument was invented by Adolf Sachs in 1846.
Content
Sound and Structure Features
Baritone saxophone has an expressive thick, hoarse sound. Its range is about 2.5 octaves [1] , the system is in E flat. In the upper registers, the instrument sounds choked, the highest quality sound extraction occurs in the middle and lower registers. In orchestras and ensembles, as a rule, it is used to play bass parts, but the instrument is also suitable for solo playing, so some saxophonists prefer it to other members of the family. Available compositions of a cantilen character, scales, arpeggios and fluent passages [2] .
Baritone saxophone consists of several parts:
- trumpet;
- housing;
- eska.
A mouthpiece is fixed on the esque, a tongue is attached to it with the help of a ligature. In addition to the usual keys on the instrument, there are special large keys that open to play the lowest notes [1] . There is a thumb support on the case and a belt ring that supports the weight of the tool.
Usage
In classical music
Baritone saxophone is a standard instrument in the orchestra and saxophone quartet.
Known compositions in which the batches of baritone saxophone are registered:
- Richard Strauss - Home Symphony ;
- Bela Bartok - ballet Wooden Prince ;
- Charles Ives - Symphony No. 4;
- George Gershwin - " Rhapsody in the style of the blues " ;
- Karlheinz Stockhausen - Gruppen ;
- Philip Glass - Concert for saxophone quartet and chamber orchestra .
In jazz music
The baritone saxophone in jazz is especially popular, it is present in the standard composition of the big band (until the 1940s, the bass saxophone was also actively used). One of the pioneers of jazz who used the baritone saxophone as the main instrument was Harry Kearney , a member of the big band Duke Ellington . The most famous jazz baritone saxophonist is considered Jerry Mulligan .
Famous baritone saxophonists:
- John Serman ;
- Cecil Payne ;
- Pepper Adams ;
- Scott Robinson ;
- James Carter
- Serge Halov ;
- Joe Temperley ;
- Ronnie Coober
Among Russian baritone-saxophonists, the soloist of the Jazz Chamber Orchestra named after O. Lundstrem Roman Sekachev, Alexey Kanev from the Leningrad group, Alexander Metlov, as well as Elena Filippova, who played in The Untouchables .
The band of the Nigerian musician Fela Kuti is played by two baritone saxophonists.
In the musical group Too Many Zooz , designating his style as “Brass house” (experimental jazz), Leo Pellegrino plays the baritone saxophone.
Use in other musical genres and directions
Baritone saxophone is also actively used in military music, funk , blues , soul , rock , Latin American music
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 The structure of the Baritone saxophone . nervmusic.ru. Date of treatment March 7, 2016.
- ↑ Types of saxophones . jazz.ru. Date of treatment March 7, 2016.
Links
- Baritone saxophone
- Great Jazz Baritone Saxophonists and vintage horns —A site dedicated to the work of baritone saxophonists.