BTR-152

In parallel with the development of the B-3 armored personnel carrier at the Stalin Plant, under the leadership of the leading designer B.M. Fitterman, the ZIS-152 armored personnel carrier was developed on the basis of the ZIS-151 all-wheel drive truck. In May 1947, two prototypes of the machine were made, and in 1950 an armored personnel carrier was adopted under the designation BTR-152 ^[2] .

Armored Corps and Tower

The armored body BTR-152 is open type, welded from armor plates, consists of three compartments and is a supporting structure on which all the mechanisms and units of the machine are installed ^[4] .

Power Department

In front of the machine there is a power compartment in which the engine is installed, as well as electrical equipment with radiators and a starting heater ^[5] .

Management Branch

Behind the power compartment is the control compartment, fenced off by vertical partitions. In the control department are the seats of the driver and commander. A battery is installed under the commander’s seat. To exit the car to the left and right of the seats are doors that open outward ^[5] .

The control department also has instrumentation and surveillance devices. An arm with a duffel bag and a radio station ^{[5] is} installed in the right front part of the control compartment.

Fighting Unit

In the middle and aft parts of the machine behind the control compartment and the power compartment is the fighting compartment. In the fighting compartment there is a machine gun , as well as petrol tanks, a transportable spare part, laying with ammunition and a first aid kit with a fire extinguisher ^[5] .

To accommodate the landing along the sides and in front of the fighting compartment there are 17 seats. Behind the backs of the seats there are clips for attaching automatic machines ^[6] .

Armament

As the main weapons used 7.62-mm machine gun SGMB , mounted on special sockets swivel brackets . The largest sighting range is up to 2.3 km. The power of the machine gun is tape, in each tape 250 rounds. Ammunition is 1250 rounds ^[7] .

Monitoring and communication tools

To ensure communication, the BTR-152 has a 10RT-12 radio station. During the day, the range of the radio station is 25..30 km on the move and 35..38 km in the parking lot, at night - 13..15 km on the move and 15..17 km in the parking lot ^[7] .

Engine and transmission

As a power plant , the ZIL-123V gasoline engine is used. The maximum engine power is 110 hp. ^[eight]

The gearbox is mechanical and has five forward and one reverse gear. The transfer case has two downshifts, as well as a front axle engagement mechanism ^[9] .

Chassis

The front axle suspension BTR-152 consists of two semi-elliptical longitudinal springs with two double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers ^[10] .

Suspensions of the middle and rear axles are balanced , on two semi-elliptic longitudinal springs , which are mounted on the swinging hubs with the middle part ^[11] .

On cars produced from 1947 to 1955, wheels similar to the ZiS-150 were installed, but had an off-road tire tread . On machines manufactured from 1956 to 1962, wheels similar to the ZIL-157 car were installed.

Soviet Union

• Object 140 (1947) - experimental, 6x6. ZIS-123 chassis based on the ZIS-121 chassis of the ZiS-151 truck, the ZIS-100 armored housing. Power 110 HP 12 cars
• Object 140A (1949) - experimental. With anti-aircraft mount of 2 CPV, telescopic sight OP-1-14 and collimator sight. 2 cars
• BTR-152 - basic modification with an open body. Series in 1950-55 on ZiS, 4923 vehicles (including from r / s - 3333). The forehead of the hull is 13 mm, the side is 10 mm. Combat weight - 8.6 tons. Crew - 2 + 17 people.
  • BTR-152A (1951 ^[12] ) - with the ZPTU-2 anti-aircraft gun from 14.5 mm KPV machine guns. Series in 1952-55 on ZiS, 719 cars ^[3] . The combat weight is 8.6 tons. The crew is 10 people ^[12] . In 1955, several prototypes of the BTR-152A with the ZPTU-4 anti-aircraft gun were manufactured ^[12] .
• Object 140B (1953) - an experimental, artillery fire control machine with an increased height armored hull ^[3] .
• BTR-152V (1955) is an option based on the units and assemblies of the ZIS-128 prototype car and the first prototypes of the ZIL-157 truck, with auto-inflation of tires. Series in 1955-59 on ZiS, 2904 cars. Board body - 9-11 mm. Combat weight - 8.95 tons. Crew - 2 + 17 people.
  • BTR-152E (1955) - with the ZPTU-2 anti-aircraft gun from 14.5 mm KPV machine guns. Weight - 8.95 tons. Series in 1955-57. on ZiS, 160 cars
  • BTR-152S (1955) - a communications vehicle with an increased height of the armored hull. Series in 1955-59 ZiS, 272 cars.
  • BTR-152I (1957) - control machine, with a high closed case. Series in 1957-62 on ZIL and BAZ
  • BTR-152K (1957) - armored hull roof (hull height increased by 300 mm), crew - 3 + 13 people. Series in 1957-59 on ZIL and in 1960-62. to the BAZ
• BTR-152V1 (1957) - equipped with a night vision device TVN-2 and an advanced system for adjusting tire pressure (air is supplied through the wheel hub). Series on ZIL (in 1957-59, 611 cars) and BAZ (in 1960-62)
  • BTR-152K1 (1959) - an option with an armored roof of the hull. A series in 1959 on ZiL (245 cars) and in 1960-62. to the BAZ
  • BTR-152S1 - a mobile command post. Series on the BAZ in 1960-62.
  • BTR-152U - control machine.
  • BTR-152V2 (1960) - experienced, with single-plate clutch and gearbox ZIL-130
  • BTR-152K2 - experienced, with a single-disk clutch and gearbox ZIL-130
  • BTR-152S2 - experienced, with single-disk clutch, gearbox ZIL-130
  • BTR-152V (1956) - experienced, 2 cars. With 2 or 4 non-powered lifting rollers.
  • BTR-E152V (1957) - experienced, with an equal arrangement of axles (wheel formula - 6x4)
• R-118AM "Stadium" is a medium-sized radio station with a radio station R-154-2 "Molybdenum" and R-311. Produced on the BTR-152C chassis until 1959 (272 chassis), BTR-152C1 until 1962.
• BTR-152E1 is an export version of the BTR-152V1 for the countries of the Middle East. Series on ZIL
• BTR-152YU1 - an export version of the BTR-152V1 for Africa (the "southern" version). Series on the BAZ
• BTR-152T1 (1957) - export version of the BTR-152V1 for African countries ("tropical" version)

People's Republic of China

• Type-56 is a Chinese licensed copy.

Egypt

• BTR-152 with a quad installation of heavy machine guns DShK Czechoslovak production.

GDR

• SPW-152 - German version of the BTR-152.
  • SPW-152 converted to an armored ambulance.
  • SPW-152U - German version of the commander BTR-152.

Israel

• BTR-152 TSM-20 - Israeli anti-aircraft installation armed with a pair of guns with a caliber of 20 mm in the tower TSM-20.

Lebanon

• BTR-152 was changed by Lebanese militants. In the airborne squad was deployed anti-aircraft installation ZU-23-2.
• BTR-152, converted by the Army of Southern Lebanon into an ARV .

Poland

• BTR-152, converted into a mobile command post.
• BTR-152, converted into an engineering car.
• BTR-152, converted into an armored artillery tractor.

Modern

•   Armenia - a certain amount, as of 2017 ^[13]
•   Angola - about 170 BTR-152, BTR-60 and BTR-80 , as of 2017 ^[14]
•   Vietnam - some, as of 2017 ^[15]
•   Guinea - 6 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[16]
•   Guinea-Bissau - 20 Type-56, as of 2017 ^[17]
•   Djibouti - a certain amount, as of 2017 ^[15]
•   Cambodia - 10 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[18]
•   Republic of the Congo - 20 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[19]
•   Cuba - about 500 BTR-152, BTR-40 , BTR-50 and BTR-60 , as of 2017 ^[20]
•   Laos - 20 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[21]
•   Mozambique - 100 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[22]
•   DPRK - a certain amount, as of 2017 ^[23]
•   Nicaragua - 102 BTR-152 (of which 61 are in storage), as of 2017 ^[24]
•   Syria - up to 300 BTR-152 as of 2016 ^{[25] [26]}
•   Sudan - from 50 to 80 BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[27]
•   Tanzania - a certain amount of BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[28]
•   CAR - 4 BTR-152 (not combat-ready), as of 2017 ^[29]
•   Eritrea - some, as of 2017 ^[30]
•   Ethiopia - a certain amount of BTR-152, as of 2017 ^[31]

Former

•   Afghanistan - 10 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Israel - 24 BTR-152, as of 2010 ^[33]
•   Iran - 320 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Iraq - 10 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Yemen - 20 BTR-152 plus 470 BTR-152, BTR-40 and BTR-60 in storage, as of 2010 ^[34]
•   Mali - 10 BTR-152, as of 2010 ^[35]
•   Namibia - 10 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Seychelles - 4 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Sri Lanka - 10 BTR-152 ^[32]
•   Equatorial Guinea - 10 BTR-152, as of 2010 ^[36]
•   Algeria - 350 BTR-152 units delivered from the USSR during the period from 1964 to 1966 ^[37]
•   Hungary - 160 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR during the period from 1950 to 1951 ^[37]
•   GDR - 759 BTR-152 and BTR-152K units were delivered from the USSR from 1956 to 1961 , were used in the GDR under the designation SPW-152 ^[37]
•   Egypt - 200 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR in the period from 1955 to 1956 ^[37] , 600 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR in the period from 1962 to 1966 ^[37] , 200 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR in the period from 1967 to 1969 ^[37]
•   India - 250 BTR-152 units delivered from the USSR during the period from 1972 to 1973 ^[37]
•   Indonesia - 30 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR during the period from 1963 to 1965 ^[37]
•   China - 100 units of BTR-152 were delivered from the USSR during the period from 1957 to 1960 , then produced in China under the designation Type 56 ^[37]
•   Republic of the Congo - 20 BTR-152 units delivered from the USSR in 1966 ^[37]
•   Mongolia - 50 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in 1950 ^[37]
•   Poland - 400 units of BTR-152 were delivered from the USSR during the period from 1952 to 1957 ^[37]
•   North Yemen - 20 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in 1957 ^[37]
•   Serbia and Montenegro - 40 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in 1962 ^[37]
•   Somalia - 65 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR in 1965 ^[37] , 200 BTR-152 units were delivered from the USSR in the period from 1972 to 1973 ^[37]
•   Uganda - 10 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in the period from 1968 to 1970 ^[37] , 50 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in the period from 1973 to 1975 ^[37]
•   NDR Yemen - 100 units of BTR-152 delivered from the USSR in the period from 1979 to 1980 ^[37]

•   Russia :
  • Verkhnyaya Pyshma - Museum of military equipment “Combat Glory of the Urals” ;
  • Krasnodar - BTR-152K, the Military Arms Museum "Victory Arms" in the Park of Culture and Rest named after the 30th anniversary of Victory;
  • Kubinka - Central Museum of Armored Arms and Equipment in Kubinka ;
  • Tolyatti - Technical Museum named after K. G. Sakharov ;
  • Padikovo, Moscow Region - Museum of Russian Military History .
  • Saratov - an exhibition of armored vehicles in the Saratov State Museum of Military Glory on Sokolova Hill

•   Belarus :
  • Loshany - Historical and cultural complex "Stalin Line" .

•   Germany :
  • Sinsheim - BTR-152K, Museum of Technology in Sinsheim .

•   Israel :
  • Latrun - Museum of the Israeli Tank Forces ;
  • Tel Aviv - Israel Defense Forces Museum ;
  • Be'er Sheva , Hatzerim airbase - BTR-152 TSM-20, Israeli Air Force Museum .

•   Moldova :
  • Chisinau - BTR-152K, Museum of Military History of Moldova .

•   Poland :
  • Warsaw - Museum of Polish military equipment .

•   France :
  • Saumur - Museum of General Estienne .

• On October 26, 2006 , during anti-government protests in Budapest , demonstrators managed to start the engines of the museum T-34-85 and BTR-152, and use them in clashes with the police. ^[38]
• Various modifications of the BTR-152 were used by Soviet filmmakers as "German armored personnel carriers" in military-themed films. ^{[ significance of fact? ]}

• Guidance on the material part and operation of the wheeled armored personnel carrier BTR-152V. - Moscow: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1967. - 345 p.
• Karpenko A.V. Armored personnel carriers // Review of domestic armored vehicles (1905-1995). - St. Petersburg: Nevsky Bastion, 1996 .-- S. 63. - 480 p. - 10,000 copies.

• Description and photos on Slujba.ru
• Description and photos on armoured.vif2.ru
• FAS.org
• Photos at armyrecognition.com
• Cabin photo

• ZIS-153