It is believed that the first lighthouses appeared along with the birth of navigation more than six thousand years ago. Since those times, there were no beacons only: conspicuous places on the ground, buildings, floating beacons , bonfires, “cow beacons” (wandering beacons), lamps, lanterns, pipes, gongs , bells, sirens, guns. Throughout its history, the Netherlands positioned itself as a maritime state [1] . A powerful fleet consisting of both military and merchant ships is an integral part of the country's economic well-being. Safe navigation is unthinkable without such a structure as a lighthouse . Each seafarer, without exception, needs different kinds of coastal and marine landmarks to determine their place in the sea, to recognize the coast, approaches to ports and anchorage, especially at night or in adverse weather conditions. However, in connection with the rapid development of navigation systems, the role of lighthouses in the XX - XXI centuries. drops noticeably, many of them cease to be monitored, which leads to their destruction. In order to preserve historical lighthouses, special laws have been adopted in some countries.
Content
Lighthouses in the Netherlands
Active
Mainland Netherlands
| Title | A place | Provinces | Characteristic | date | Architect | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Castle (Nieuwe Sluis) | Newveslois Nieuwesluis | Zealand | 22.4 m (28.4 m above sea level) | 1867 | Quirinus harder | |
| Lighthouse Urk (Vuurtoren van Urk) | Urk (Urk) | Flevoland | 18.5 m (27 m above sea level) | 1844-1845 | J. Valk | |
| Bornrif | Amaland (Ameland) | Friesland | 55.3 m (58 m above sea level) | 1880-1881 | Quirinus harder | |
| North Tower (Schiermonnikoog) Noordertoren (Schiermonnikoog) | Schirmonnikog (Schiermonnikoog) | Friesland | 37 m (44 m above sea level) | 1853-1854 | Hg jansen | |
| Lighthouse Stavoren (Vuurtoren van Stavoren) | Stavorene (Stavoren) | Friesland | 15.7 m (15.3 m above sea level) | 1884 | Waarschijnlijk AC van Loo | |
| Brandaris (Brandaris) | Terschelling | Friesland | 52.5 m (55.5 m above sea level) | 1593-1594 | ||
| Vuurduin (Vuurduin) | Vliland (Vlieland) | Friesland | 16.8 m (54 m above sea level) | 1909 | Quirinus harder | |
| Hook van Hey (Hoek van 't IJ) | Durgerdam | North holland | 19.5 m (18 m above sea level) | 1893 | Presumably Adrianus Cornelis van Loo | |
| Lighthouse them. Jana van Speijk (Vuurtoren JCJ van Speijk) | Egmond anan Zee | North holland | 28 m (37 m above sea level) | 1833-1834 | Jd zocher | |
| Lange Jaap | Huisduinen | North holland | 63.5 m (57 m above sea level) | 1877-1878 | Quirinus harder | |
| Hog vuurtoren van IJmuiden | Ijmuiden | North holland | 41.8 m (53 m above sea level) | 1878 | Quirinus harder | |
| Lag vyurtoren van IJmuiden | Ijmuiden | North holland | 24 m (31 m above sea level) | 1878 | Quirinus harder | |
| Groote Kaap | Julianadorp (Julianadorp) | North holland | At 16.8 m (31.5 m above sea level) | 1966 | ||
| Paard van Marken | Marken (Marken) | North holland | 15.5 M (16 m above sea level) | 1839 | J. Valk | |
| De Ven | Oosterdijk (Oosterdijk) | North holland | 15 m (17 m above sea level) | 1700 | ||
| Wuertoren Eierland (Vuurtoren Eierland) | Texel (Texel) | North holland | At 34.7 m (53.2 m above sea level) | 1863-1864 | Quirinus harder | |
| West Schouwen | Hamstead | Zealand | 50 m (58 m above sea level) | 1837-1840 | L. Valk | |
| Hoge vuurtoren van Westkapelle | Westkapelle | Zealand | 52.3 m (49.6 m above sea level) | 1458-1470 (In the role of a lighthouse since 1818) | ||
| Norderof (Westkapelle Laag) (Noorderhoofd (Westkapelle Laag)) | Westkapelle | Zealand | 16.1 m (20 m above sea level) | 1875 | Quirinus harder | |
| Vuurtoren van Hellevoetsluis | Hellevoetsluis | South holland | 18.1 m (17 m above sea level) | 1822 | J. Valk | |
| Vuurtoren Westhoofd | Auddorp (Uddorp) | South holland | 52 m (56 m above sea level) | 1947-1948 | G. Friedhoff | |
| Vuurtoren van Noordwijk aan Zee | Noordwijk aan Zee | South holland | 25.5 m (33 m above sea level) | 1921-1922 | C. jelsma | |
| Lichteiland Goeree | Noordzee | South holland | 23.5 m (32 m above sea level) | 1971 | The photo | |
| Vuurtoren van Scheveningen | Scheveningen (Scheveningen) | South holland | 30 m (49 m above sea level) | 1875 | Quirinus harder | |
| Hoge vuurtoren Europoort | Rotterdam | South holland | 44 m above sea level | 1970 | ||
| Lage vuurtoren Europoort | Rotterdam | South holland | 30 m above sea level | 1970 | ||
| Hoge vuurtoren Maasmond | Rotterdam | South holland | 47.5 m above sea level | 1971 | ||
| Lage vuurtoren Maasmond | Rotterdam | South holland | 30 m above sea level | 1971 | ||
| Hoge vuhtoren Nieuwe Waterweg (Hoge vuurtoren Nieuwe Waterweg) | Rotterdam | South holland | 44 m above sea level | 1970 | ||
| Lage vuurtoren Nieuwe Waterweg | Rotterdam | South holland | 30 m above sea level | 1970 |
Controlled territories
Aruba
| Title | A place | Region | Current state | Height | date of creation | Architect | Picture |
| California Lighthouse [2] | Noord | about. Aruba | Temporarily not working | 30 m (55 m at sea level) | 1914-1916 |
Unused
| Title | A place | Provinces | Current state | Height | date of creation | Architect | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Vuurtoren van Harlingen) | Harlingen (Harlingen) | Friesland (Friesland) | Stopped work since 1998 | 23 m | 1920 | C. jelsma | |
| (Zuidertoren (Schiermonnikoog)) | Schirmonnikog (Schiermonnikoog) | Friesland (Friesland) | Stopped work since 1909 | 31.7 m | 1853-1854 | Hg jansen | |
| (Vuurtoren van Workum) | Workum (Workum) | Friesland (Friesland) | Stopped work since 1880 | About 9 m | 1778 | ||
| (Vuurtoren van Willemstad) | Willemstad | North Brabant (Noord-Brabant) | Stopped work since 1989 | 10 m | 1946-1947 | ||
| (Vuurtoren van Den Oever) | Den Oever | North holland (Noord-Holland) | Stopped work since 2009 | 16 m | 1884 | AC van Loo | |
| (Sint Catharijnekerk) | Brille | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1850 | 57 m | Building construction -1417-1482, (like a lighthouse - since 1759) | ||
| (Stenen Baak) | Brille | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1781 | 15 m | 1630 | M. Czn Paeyse | |
| (Vuurtoren van Goedereede) | Guderade (Goedereede) | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1924 | 39.5 m | Building construction -1467-1512, (like a lighthouse - since 1552) | ||
| (Hoge vuurtoren van Hoek van Holland) | Hook van Holland | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1974 | 27.2 m | 1893 | AC van Loo | |
| (Vuurbaak van Katwijk aan Zee) | Katwijk aan Zee | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1913 | 12 m | 1605 | ||
| (Lage vuurtoren van Hoek van Holland) | Rotterdam | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1967 | 13.5 m | 1899 | AC van Loo | |
| (Vuurtoren aan de Maasvlakte) | Rotterdam | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 2008 | 62 m | 1974 | W. Colenbrander | |
| (Vuurtoren van Strijensas) | Strejensas | South holland (Zuid-holland) | Stopped work since 1996 | 10 m | 1883 | Waarschijnlijk AC van Loo |
Shattered
| Title | A place | Provinces | Build Date | Date of destruction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vuurtoren van ens | Ens (Schokland) | Flevoland | 1618 | 1635 |
| Vuurtoren van ens | Ens (Schokland) | Flevoland | 1635 | 1825 |
| Vuurtoren van ens | Ens (Schokland) | Flevoland | 1825 | 1856 |
| Schokker jaap | Ens (Schokland) | Flevoland | 1856 | 1944 |
| Vuurtoren van harlingen | Harlingen | Friesland | 1904 | 1921 |
| Vuurtoren van lemmer | Lemmer | Friesland | 1910 | 1968 |
| Vuurtoren van terschelling | Terschelling | Friesland | 1323 | 1593 |
| Vuurtoren van vlieland | Vlieland | Friesland | 1836 | 1909 |
| Vuurtoren van delphzijl | Delfzijl | Groningen | 1888 | 1940 |
| Vuurtoren van delphzijl | Delfzijl | Groningen | 1881 | 1949 |
| Vuurtoren van watum | Iteinde | Groningen | 1888 | 1945 |
| Zuidertoren (Egmond aan Zee) | Egmond aan zee | North holland | 1833-1834 | 1915 |
| Hoek van 't ij | Durgerdam | North holland | 1700 | 1893 |
| Vuurtoren fort kijkduin | Huisduinen | North holland | 1822 | 1877 |
| Vuurtoren van marken | Marken | North holland | 1700 | ? |
| Vuurtoren van zandvoort | Zandvoort | North holland | 1907 | ? |
| Hoge vuurtoren van renesse | Renesse | Zealand | 1848 | 1916 |
| Lage vuurtoren van renesse | Renesse | Zealand | 1856 | 1915 |
| Vuurtoren van oostvoorne | Oostvoorne | South holland | 1360-1390 | 1552 |
| Vuurtoren westhoofd | Uddorp | South holland | 1911-1912 | 1945 |
| Vuurtoren flaauwe werk | Uddorp | South holland | 1862 | 1911 |
| Vuurtoren van noordwijk | Noordwijk aan zee | South holland | 1854 | 1913 |
| Vuurtoren van scheveningen | Scheveningen | South holland | XVI century |
Interesting Facts
In the Dutch city of Harlingen (province of Friesland ), a hotel was built in the building of the local lighthouse , which became famous far beyond the borders of the state. [3]
Responsibility for recording, preserving and promoting lighthouses as cultural elements in the Netherlands lies with the Dutch Lighthouse Association "Nederlandse Vuurtoren Vereniging".
See also
Sources
- ↑ Rep. play ed. "The Encyclopedic Dictionary of F. A. Brockhaus and I. A. Efron." . - Encyclopedic Dictionary. In 86 t. - St. Petersburg "POLRADIS", AOOT "Ivan Fedorov", 1993-1998. - ISBN 5-900741-01-X .
- ↑ Lighthouses of Aruba . The Lighthouse Directory . index.htm (January 6, 2016).
- ↑ Vasily Korablev. Hotel lighthouse. Holland . The lighthouse. Lighthouses of Russia and the world. . http://www.mayachnik.ru .